12/16/2025ANAHEIM CITY COUNCIL
REGULAR MEETING OF DECEMBER 16, 2025
The regular meeting of December 16, 2025 was called to order at 4:57 P.M. in the Council
Chamber of Anaheim City Hall, located at 200 South Anaheim Boulevard. The meeting notice,
agenda, and related material were duly posted on December 11, 2025.
MEMBERS PRESENT: Mayor Ashleigh E. Aitken and Council Members Natalie Meeks,
Ryan Balius, Carlos A. Leon, Natalie Rubalcava, Norma Campos
Kurtz, and Kristen M. Maahs
STAFF PRESENT: City Manager Jim Vanderpool, City Attorney Robert Fabela,
City Clerk Theresa Bass
ADDITIONS/DELETIONS TO CLOSED SESSION: None
PUBLIC COMMENTS ON CLOSED SESSION ITEM: None
CLOSED SESSION: At 4:59 p.m., Mayor Aitken recessed the City Council to Closed Session
for consideration of the following:
CONFERENCE WITH LABOR NEGOTIATORS
(Subdivision (a) of Section 54957.6 of the California Government Code)
Agency Designated Representative: Linda Andal, Human Resources Director
Name of Employee Organizations: International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers
(IBEW), Local 47; and IBEW, Local 47 Part -Time Customer Service Employees;
International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, Local 47 (Professional Management and
Part -Time Management Units)
[continued from Council meeting of December 9, 2025, Closed Session Item No. 4]
At 5:47 p.m., Mayor Aitken reconvened the Anaheim City Council.
MEMBERS PRESENT: Mayor Ashleigh E. Aitken and Council Members Natalie Meeks,
Ryan Balius, Carlos A. Leon, Natalie Rubalcava, Norma Campos
Kurtz, and Kristen M. Maahs
INVOCATION: City Clerk Theresa Bass
FLAG SALUTE: Council Member Ryan Balius
PRESENTATIONS: Recognizing the retirement of Anaheim Union High School District's
Superintendent Michael Matsuda
Mayor Aitken shared that for over a decade, Superintendent Michael Matsuda has been a
visionary leader in the Anaheim Union High School District. She noted that he has built bridges
between the schools and families, across cultures and through the greater Anaheim community
She added that he led with integrity and guided the District to become a vision for innovation,
career pathways, and real -world learning. She shared that he played a critical role during
difficult times, including the pandemic. She added that he has championed for equity and
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
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opportunity for all Anaheim students and the greater Anaheim community. She highlighted his
investment in teachers and staff, strengthening excellence across Anaheim schools.
Superintendent Michael Matsuda thanked the Mayor and City Council for the recognition. He
highlighted the leadership of the Board and the current Board President, Jessica Guerrero, and
Annemarie Randle-Trejo. On behalf of the 25,000 students, families, and future children, he
thanked the City Council for their continued collaboration.
Recognizing Peggy Au's retirement with the City of Anaheim
Mayor Aitken recognized Controller Peggy Au on her retirement from the City after more than
three decades of service. She shared that her journey began at the Convention Center and later
served as a key leader in the Finance Department. She thanked Ms. Au for consistently
stepping up to challenges and helping her team.
Finance Director Deborah A. Moreno echoed Mayor Aitken's comments and noted that
December marks Ms. Au's 35th year of service with the City. She shared that Ms. Au immigrated
to the United States as an adult and put herself through college. She noted that Ms. Au worked
her way through entry level in the Accounting series to Financial Accounting Manager. She
reported that Ms. Au is the City's first -ever Controller, the highest -level accountant in the City.
She thanked her for her service to the community and organization and congratulated her on
her retirement.
Recognizing the Anaheim High School Girls Volleyball Team for their first
CIF -SS Championship
Mayor Aitken recognized the Anaheim High School Girls Volleyball Team for reaching the CIF -
SS Championship. She shared that the achievement highlights the team's dedication, hard
work, and undeniable talent. She acknowledged the coaching staff and congratulated the team
for recognizing Anaheim.
At 6:01 p.m., Mayor Aitken called to order the Anaheim Housing Authority, in joint session with
the City Council.
ADDITIONS/DELETIONS TO THE AGENDAS:
City Clerk Theresa Bass reported no additions or deletions to the agenda.
Council Member Kurtz requested to continue Public Hearing related to the Anaheim Hills
Festival Project (Item No. 20) to the next Council meeting scheduled for January 13, 2026.
MOTION: Council Member Kurtz moved to continue Public Hearing Item No. 20 to the Council
meeting of January 13, 2026, seconded by Council Member Rubalcava. ROLL CALL VOTE:
AYES — 6 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz, and Maahs);
NOES — 1 (Mayor Pro Tern Meeks). Motion carried.
Mayor Aitken acknowledged the speakers in attendance for Public Hearing Item No. 20. She
apologized for the schedule change and invited residents unable to attend the January 1311
meeting to contact her or any member of the City Council. She added that public comments can
be submitted electronically. She requested that Chief Communications Officer Mike Lyster
announce the continuance on social media and community pages. She shared that members of
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the public would have the opportunity to address the City Council on January 13th during the
public hearing or could stay and provide comments during the general public comment portion
of the meeting.
PUBLIC COMMENTS (all acaenda items, except public hearin(L . Prior to receipt of
public comments, City Clerk Theresa Bass provided an outline of procedures for public
comments, notice of translation services, and a brief decorum statement.
City Clerk Theresa Bass reported that a total of four (4) public comments were received
electronically prior to 4:00 p.m. [A final total of four (4) public comments were received
electronically and nineteen (19) public comments were received related to continued Public
Hearing Item No. 20, distributed to the City Council, and made part of the official records]. — See
Appendix.
Mark Richard Daniels commented on the tragic shootings in Australia and at Brown University.
He criticized President Trump's comments on the murder of director Rob Reiner and his wife.
Vance Dizney proposed an "above way" monorail system. He shared the benefits of the system
and the monorail route. He shared his idea for a comic book and provided a theme song for the
concept.
Cristian DuBon invited the City Council to the Toastmasters Anaheim Club 2 1001h Anniversary.
She noted that they are the second Toastmaster Club and the oldest continuously operating
club in the world. He noted that the club has withstood multiple recessions, wars, the Great
Depression, and the COVID-19 Pandemic. He reported that the goal is to help the Anaheim
community with communication and leadership skills. He shared that the event would be held on
January 10, 2026 at 2 p.m. at Hotel Lulu. He shared his personal experience joining
Toastmasters and the impact it has had on his life.
Erik Arzate echoed Mr. DuBon's comments and shared his personal experience joining
Toastmasters. He highlighted the club's diverse membership including business owners,
professionals, teachers, students, and faith leaders. He shared that the club has helped
residents build confidence and leadership skills to contribute to the Anaheim community. He
reported that former Anaheim Mayor Charles Pearson developed his public speaking skills at
the club. He invited the City Council to attend the Centennial celebration on January 10th
David Bartash echoed Mr. DuBon and Mr. Arzate's comments regarding Toastmasters. He
shared that Toastmasters International has grown from two clubs and transformed the lives of
nearly 8 million individuals to become more effective public speakers. He highlighted the club's
diversity and impact to enhance individuals' communication and leadership abilities. He also
encouraged the City Council to reappoint Stephen Faessel to the Metropolitan Water District's
Board of Directors.
Jennifer Gies read a statement from an Anaheim resident and activist named Rami, inspired in
memory of Albert Arzola. The statement shared that many Anaheim residents with Palestinian,
Arab, or Muslim heritage are ignored and devalued by the national and local government and
urged the City Council to establish a Sister City with Al Khalil.
Bryan Kaye commented on an incident that occurred at the Veterans Cemetery meeting and at
the Orange County Board of Supervisors. He recognized Donna Acevedo Nelson and her
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impact in the community. He requested that the Mayor and City Council communicate with the
public.
Kenneth Batiste referenced recent violent actions to question whether society is prioritizing
capitalism over humanitarian values. He criticized special interests and corporate power. He
urged the City Council to consider the residents and the homeless population.
Marc Herbert spoke about the Planning Commission meeting and voiced concern that the
developer of a Porsche dealership project failed to address potential contamination issues, yet
the project was still approved. He criticized the lack of public engagement regarding a
community meeting held in response to an officer -involved shooting. He shared that the meeting
details were unclear and was not publicly streamed.
Sergio Pelayo spoke in support of Albert Arzola and shared his experience working with him at
the Honda Center. He shared that he was a proud citizen of Anaheim. He requested a thorough
investigation into his death.
COUNCIL COMMUNICATIONS:
Council Member Kurtz thanked Police Chief Rick Armerndariz for his service to the City and for
his continued service until a new Chief was hired. She thanked his wife and children who gave
up family time while he was serving the City. She recounted a meeting with Chief Armendariz
and the residents of Guinida Lane and shared that Chief Armendariz and the Police Department
responded that they would act in the best interest of the residents and protect and serve the
community. Council Member Kurtz thanked each of the Department Heads for their service to
the City. She shared that ATN employees called the Council Members to take part in toy drives
throughout the City. She reported that there would be seven toy giveaways in seven
neighborhoods. She thanked ATN for their support.
Council Member Maahs expressed her gratitude to Chief Armendariz for his years of service
and leadership in Anaheim and his decades of service as a public servant. She shared that as a
newly elected Council Member and as a resident, she has witnessed his impact in her
neighborhood.
Council Member Balius echoed Council Member Kurtz's recognition of the work of Department
Heads and City staff. He thanked Chief Armendariz for his service to the City. He recounted his
first meeting with the Chief at a community meeting at Brookhurst Park. He wished everyone a
Happy Holiday.
Council Member Rubalcava reported that she supported the Anaheim High School food
distribution on Monday, sponsored by Northgate and Kaiser. She shared that food bags and
vouchers for Northgate were distributed to over 125 families. She thanked Northgate, Anaheim
High School, and Kaiser for their assistance during the holiday season. Council Member
Rubalcava highlighted the Boards and Commissions Appreciation Dinner, in recognition of
volunteers who serve on various City committees and commissions. She highlighted the
performance by the Orange County Family Justice Center and noted that all of the performers
were explorers with the Police Department. She urged the public to attend their fundraiser
performance for at -risk youth on June 26, 2026. Council Member Rubalcava recognized
Director of Community Services Sjany Larson -Cash and the Community Services Department
for their important role and significant work in the City. She shared that Community Services has
been hosting posadas and other community initiatives. She added that there was a holiday
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Christmas festival, in collaboration with the Tree Lighting. She noted that her office hosted a
booth at the event and highlighted attendees who visited the booth. She expressed her gratitude
for serving as a Council Member to help people who live in the City and provide information on
services. Council Member Rubalcava highlighted Green Birds and its founders, Jody and Kevin,
who have hosted litter and trash pickup events in the City over the past eleven years. She
thanked Jody and Kevin for their continued leadership and recommended that the public follow
them on social media. Council Member Rubalcava recognized long-time City employee Randy
Reyes on his retirement. She shared that he worked with Community Services starting in 1976
and taught at Anaheim High School for nearly 40 years, and will be retiring in 2026. She
requested that the public keep the Anaheim High School Track and Field athletes in their
prayers, following an incident involving a drunk driver. She shared that all eight athletes are in
the process of recovering. She added that she would be working with some parents from
Anaheim High School to host a fundraiser for the families and encouraged the public to support.
She thanked the Anaheim Police Department and the Fire and Rescue Department for
responding quickly. She highlighted Fire Chief Russell for ensuring that Anaheim High School
Principal Ruben Calleros had the necessary information to follow up. She shared that the
Student Resource Officers accompanied each of the children to the hospital and ensured the
parents were contacted. She thanked everyone who helped the athletes receive the care they
needed.
Council Member Leon congratulated New Hope Presbyterian Church, located in District 2, for
their jazzy Christmas concert. He congratulated Reverend Goodjoin and everyone at New Hope
for the event. He recognized the Community Services Department for the community posadas
across the City. He expressed his appreciation for the community and City departments coming
together for the event. He highlighted the California Highway Patrol, who participated in the
annual CHiPs for Kids event and donated toys and different prizes to residents and children
from across Orange County. Council Member Leon invited the public to a toy distribution on
Sunday, December 21st, from 2 p.m. to 4 p.m. at Servite High School. He shared that his office
is partnering with Frank Garcia, La Casa Garcia, and Neutral Ground. He extended his gratitude
to Chief Armendariz for his leadership and service to the City. He shared that under Chief
Armendariz, the Police Department reached a historic number of sworn officers and prioritized
building relationships with the community. He echoed his Council colleagues' and thanked City
staff for their amazing work. He shared that it is an honor and a privilege to work with staff to
make positive differences in the world.
Mayor Aitken thanked Chief Armendariz for leading the City as Chief and Deputy Chief. She
shared that he took over as Deputy Chief in 2019 and was promoted to the Chief of Police in
2023. She highlighted his performance navigating the City through the pandemic. She shared
that he began his career in law enforcement in 1995 with the Modesto Police Department, rising
the ranks from police officer to Assistant Chief and Deputy City Manager. She added that his
experience at various levels within the force was a testament to his love of public service and
public safety in Modesto. She highlighted the community initiatives he was responsible for,
including Modesto's Safe Neighborhood initiative, reestablishing area commands, launching a
Real Time Crime Center, and expanding youth engagement programs under his leadership.
Mayor Aitken shared that when he arrived in Anaheim, he continued his passion for reimagining
what public safety could mean to the City. She shared that over the years, he has partnered
with the Council to bring the Police Department to new heights. With over 430 officers, she
added that he has grown the Police force to meet the needs of the City. She reported that in an
effort to build stronger relationships between the Police Department and the community, he
launched the Real Time Crime Center to expedite information and improve call response times,
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restored the City's community policing, Assessment Liaison Officers and other necessary teams
in the aftermath of the pandemic, and increasing youth resources through School Resource
Officers, for administrators, teachers, students, and parents, while investing in youth
engagement programs. She added that the Department has invested in youth engagement
programs to bring events that connect with first responders. Mayor Aitken shared that it has
been an honor to start Team Kids with Chief Armendariz. She noted that he emphasized
department communications, highlighted community relations efforts, and reorganized the
Police Department to meet the City's outlined objectives, and fostered an inclusive culture at the
Department, to reassure residents that the Police Department serves everyone. She added that
in light of the federal immigration enforcement actions, the Chief integrated himself as an active
part of the Anaheim community. She shared that he collaborated on the Chief's Advisory
Committee, the Chief's Neighborhood Advisory Council, the Chief's Youth Advisory Council, and
sat on the boards of various non-profit organizations. She added that he also represented
officers on the boards of the California Police Officers' Memorial, the California Peace Officers'
Association, and Orange County Chiefs' Association. A video was displayed of Congressman
Lou Correa recognizing Chief Armendariz on the floor of the U.S. House of Representatives.
She expressed her gratitude to Chief Armendariz for his steadfast commitment to the City,
public safety, and the community. She thanked him for his dedication and service.
CITY MANAGER'S UPDATE:
City Manager Vanderpool congratulated Chief Armendariz on his retirement and wished him
and his family the very best in their future endeavors. He recognized the Anaheim Police
Department, the Fire Rescue Department, Public Utilities, Public Works, Community Services,
and City staff working during the holiday season. On behalf of the 3,000 City employees, he
wished residents, businesses, and visitors a happy holiday season.
At 7:02 p.m., Mayor Aitken recessed the Anaheim City Council to address the Anaheim Housing
Authority agenda and reconvened at 7:02 p.m.
CONSENT CALENDAR: The Consent Calendar was considered with Council Members
Leon and Rubalcava pulling Item No. 17 and Council Member Kurtz pulling Item Nos. 5 and 11
for separate consideration.
MOTION: Mayor Pro Tem Meeks moved to waive reading of the ordinances and resolutions and
adopt the balance of the consent calendar as presented, in accordance with reports,
certifications, and recommendations furnished each City Council Member, seconded by Council
Member Maahs. ROLL CALL VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Meeks,
Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz, and Maahs); NOES — 0. Motion carried.
B105 3. Receive and file minutes of the Parks and Recreation Commission meeting of October
22, 2025.
D116 4. Receive and file, with the possibility of discussion, the list of Professional Services
Agreements authorized by the City Manager and the list of Visit Anaheim Subcontractor
Agreements approved by the Executive Director of Convention, Sports, and
Entertainment for November 2025.
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 7 of 22
AGR-3750.A 6. Determine on the basis of the evidence submitted by PT Metro, LLC, that the A -Town
mixed -use project is not in compliance with the terms and conditions of Amended and
Restated Development Agreement No. 2005-00008 for the 2025 review period, and
direct staff to provide notice of City Council's intent to establish new development
timeframes at a subsequently -noticed public hearing.
AGR-4957 7• Determine, on the basis of the evidence submitted by Kaiser Foundation Hospitals, that
the property owner has complied in good faith with the terms and conditions of
Development Agreement No. 2007-00003 for the 2025 review period for the Kaiser
Hospital Campus Project, located at 3400-3450 East La Palma Avenue and 959-1001
North Grove Street.
AGR-10188.1 8. Determine, on the basis of the evidence submitted by Good Hope International, that the
property owner has complied in good faith with the terms and conditions of Development
Agreement No. 2016-00001 for the 2025 review period for the eight -story, 580-room
hotel project located at 1700 South Harbor Boulevard Hotel in The Anaheim Resort.
AGR-15761 9• Approve Contract No. MA 106-498356 with UniFirst Corporation, dba Specialty Apparel,
in an annual amount not to exceed $350,000, for uniform rentals and related services for
Anaheim Convention Center personnel for a thirty-six month term with three one-year
optional renewals (cumulative contract in the amount $2,100,100); and authorize the
Purchasing Agent to execute all necessary contractual documents related to the
agreement including renewal options, in accordance with Cooperative Contract No.
011124-UFC between Sourcewell and UniFirst Corporation.
AGR-15762 10. Approve a Professional Services Agreement with Avineon, Inc., in substantial form, in an
amount not to exceed $175,800 for the term of the Agreement including any extensions,
plus a 20% contingency for as -needed extra services, for GIS consulting services to
support the migration of Electric Utility GIS data to the ArcGIS Utility Network for a one
year base term with a one-year optional extension; authorize the Finance Director, or
designee, to execute the agreement and any related documents and to take such action
as are necessary or advisable to implement and administer the agreement; and
authorize de minimis changes that do not substantially change the terms and conditions
of the agreement. as determined to be de minimis by the City Attorney's Office.
AGR-15763 12. Approve a Right of Entry and License Agreement with Northgate Gonzalez Markets, Inc.
to provide parking space at Delphi Park, located at 1211 N. Magnolia Avenue, for an
initial term of five years, with two additional five-year optional renewals, in an annual
license amount of $1.00; and authorize the Director of Community Services, or
designee, to execute and administer the agreement.
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
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AGR-15764 13. Approve an irrevocable Encroachment License with the Orange County Transportation
Authority for a five year term, allowing installation, monitoring, and maintenance of
temporary bat habitat panels on the Tustin Avenue Bridge; and authorize the Director of
Public Works to execute the Encroachment License and take any necessary actions to
implement its terms.
14. RESOLUTION NO. 2025-101 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF
Pilo THE CITY OF ANAHEIM vacating a public utility easement located at 2100 East Howell
Avenue on Assessor Parcel Number (APN) 253-531-24 and APN 253-531-25 pursuant
to California Streets and Highways Code Section 8330, et seq. - Summary Vacation
(ABA2025-00445).
D175 15. RESOLUTION NO. 2025-102_ ..... A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF
THE CITY OF ANAHEIM adopting the Measure M2 Expenditure Report and authorizing
the City of Anaheim Finance Director to sign and submit the Expenditure Report to the
Orange County Transportation Authority on behalf of the City of Anaheim.
AGR-15765 16. RESOLUTION NO. 2025-_103 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF
THE CITY OF ANAHEIM ratifying the submission of a grant application and the
acceptance of a grant on behalf of the City of Anaheim for the FY 2026 Alcoholic
Beverage Control (ABC) Grant Program and authorizing the City Manager, or his
designee, to execute all required grant documents and amending the budget accordingly
[increase the Police Department's Fiscal Year 2025/26 revenue and expenditure
appropriations by $30,000, commensurate to the grant award].
BUSINESS CALENDAR:
AGR-1463 5. Determine, on the basis of the evidence submitted by STC GardenWalk LLC;
GardenWalk Hotel II, LLC; and, Westgate Resorts Anaheim, LLC, that the Anaheim
GardenWalk Project is not in compliance with the terms and conditions of Development
Agreement No. 99-01 for the 2025 review period, and direct staff to provide notice of City
Council's intent to establish new development timeframes at a subsequently -noticed
public hearing.
Director of Planning and Building Heather Allen reported that in 1999, the City of Anaheim and
Pointe Anaheim LLC, executed a Development Agreement for this Project. Following the
execution of the Development Agreement, the original developer, Pointe Anaheim, LLC,
assigned the Development Agreement to other responsible parties. She noted that STC
GardenWalk, LLC is responsible for the retail, dining and entertainment center and the parking
structure; GardenWalk Hotel I, LLC is responsible for constructing the two hotels on the east
side of the project; and, Westgate Resorts Anaheim, LLC is responsible for the vacation
ownership resort component of the project, which will be located on top of the parking structure.
She noted that there are no outstanding obligations under the Development Agreement for STC
GardenWalk, LLC. She shared that the JW Marriott opened in August 2020, marking the
completion of one of two hotels that GardenWalk Hotel I is responsible for
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Director Allen reported that in March 2024, new timeframes were established for GardenWalk
Hotel I, LLC and Westgate Resorts Anaheim, LLC. She added that GardenWalk Hotel I has not
begun construction on the second hotel. She shared that the applicant submitted a letter of
request indicating that they were not able to meet the performance timeframe due to financial
reasons, updates to the Building Code, and the unexpected passing of a partner in their joint
venture. She added that Westgate Resorts Anaheim, LLC has not obtained building permits for
the vacation ownership resort located above the parking structure. She reported that the
applicant submitted a letter of request explaining that they were not able to meet the
performance milestone because they have had difficulty meeting standards of a national hotel
"flag" and certifications and design of a new and innovative building type. She stated that both
parties have submitted letters requesting to amend the Development Agreement to extend the
timing associated with the development milestones for the hotel and vacation ownership resort.
She added that pursuant to the City's Development Agreement Procedure Resolution, the City
Council may, in lieu of amending the Agreement, establish a new time schedule for compliance.
Director Allen reported that staff recommends that the City Council determine that the property
owners have not complied with the terms and conditions of the Development Agreement for this
review period and direct staff to provide notice of the City Council's intent to establish new
development timeframes at a subsequently -noticed public hearing to be held within 45 days
after said notice is provided.
DISCUSSION: In response to Council Member Kurtz, Director Allen confirmed that voting in
support of staff's recommendation would require the City Council to hold a public hearing within
45 days to discuss new terms. She added that options following the public hearing would be to
terminate the agreement or establish new terms for compliance. She added that the applicants
intend to move forward with the project. She noted that a Development Agreement would
provide additional certainty and clarity. She reported that the deliverables, dates, and
milestones would be presented during the public hearing.
MOTION: Council Member Kurtz moved to determine, on the basis of the evidence submitted by
STC GardenWalk LLC; GardenWalk Hotel 11, LLC; and, Westgate Resorts Anaheim, LLC, that
the Anaheim GardenWalk Project is not in compliance with the terms and conditions of
Development Agreement No. 99-01 for the 2025 review period, and direct staff to provide notice
of City Council's intent to establish new development timeframes at a subsequently -noticed
public hearing, second by Council Member Balius.
Mayor Aitken inquired if the City is mandated to provide a new timeline during the public hearing
or if the City Council would have the opportunity to ask questions about the agreement.
Director Allen confirmed that the City Council could have the discussions during the public
hearing.
In response to Mayor Aitken, Principal Planner Elaine Thienprasiddhi reported that the project
was original approved with an Economic Assistance Agreement; however, the timeframe for the
agreement has elapsed. She added that it was not the applicant's intent to build under that
agreement and no longer request the rebate.
Mayor Aitken stated that the public hearing could provide an opportunity for the Council to be
presented with more plans and the development timeframe.
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
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Director Allen explained that there are three separate development agreements for the project.
She noted that during the public hearing, the City Council would be presented with two specific
time frames for Hotel 2 and Westgate. She confirmed that the City Council could proceed with
one and not the other.
MOTION: Council Member Kurtz moved to determine, on the basis of the evidence submitted by
STC GardenWalk LLC; GardenWalk Hotel II, LLC; and, Westgate Resorts Anaheim, LLC, that
the Anaheim GardenWalk Project is not in compliance with the terms and conditions of
Development Agreement No. 99-01 for the 2025 review period, and direct staff to provide notice
of City Council's intent to establish new development timeframes at a subsequently -noticed
public hearing, seconded by Council Member Balius. ROLL CALL VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor
Aitken and Council Members Meeks, Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz, and Maahs); NOES — 0.
Motion carried.
AGR-15048.111. Approve the First Amendment to CaliforniansForAll Youth Service Corps Grant
AGR-15049.1 Agreement with Orange County Conservation Corps, increasing the not to exceed
amount by $503,786 from $700,000 to $1,203,786, and extend the term date to
December 31, 2026; approve the First Amendment to CaliforniansForAll Youth Service
Corps Grant Agreement with Taller San Jose Hope Builders dba Hope Builders,
increasing the not to exceed amount by $1,235,525 from $850,000 to $2,085,525, and
extend the term date to December 31, 2026; and authorize the Director of the Housing &
Community Development Department, or designee, to execute and administer the
agreements.
DISCUSSION: Council Member Kurtz emphasized the impact the programs have on youth and
requested additional information on the types of jobs they prepare participants for, as well as a
method for tracking success.
Director of Housing and Community Development Grace Ruiz-Stepter reported that the jobs
range from fuel mitigation to staffing at local schools and the Muzeo. She shared that 20
individuals who worked at the museum have landed permanent jobs at various museums in
Orange County. She shared that a City Council Aide is also a fellow graduate of the program.
Workforce Development Manager Marco Lucero shared that tracking is a program requirement.
He reported that the results are tracked for 2 months in a database reported to the State. He
shared that many of the youth move on to college rather than seeking employment, which is
also identified.
MOTION: Council Member Kurtz moved to approve the First Amendment to CaliforniansForAll
Youth Service Corps Grant Agreement with Orange County Conservation Corps, increasing the
not to exceed amount by $503,786 from $700,000 to $1,203,786, and extend the term date to
December 31, 2026; approve the First Amendment to CaliforniansForAll Youth Service Corps
Grant Agreement with Taller San Jose Hope Builders dba Hope Builders, increasing the not to
exceed amount by $1,235,525 from $850,000 to $2,085,525, and extend the term date to
December 31, 2026; and authorize the Director of the Housing & Community Development
Department, or designee, to execute and administer the agreements.
DISCUSSION: Mayor Aitken highlighted her support of the program and inquired if there was
outreach within the City for job opportunities for the participants. In response, Workforce
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Page 11 of 22
Development Manager Lucero confirmed that the mission is to expose the participants to public
service. He noted that Workforce Development has sponsored the Public Utilities Department
scholars. He added that interns have worked for the Economic Development Department and
Housing and Development Department have moved on to full-time opportunities with the City.
Mayor Aitken expressed that many youth are unaware of opportunities within local government
and encouraged other departments to consider offering mentorship roles if they have available
positions.
MOTION: Council Member Kurtz moved to approve the First Amendment to CaliforniansForAll
Youth Service Corps Grant Agreement with Orange County Conservation Corps, increasing the
not to exceed amount by $503,786 from $700,000 to $1,203,786, and extend the term date to
December 31, 2026; approve the First Amendment to Californians ForAll Youth Service Corps
Grant Agreement with Taller San Jose Hope Builders dba Hope Builders, increasing the not to
exceed amount by $1,235,525 from $850,000 to $2,085,525, and extend the term date to
December 31, 2026; and authorize the Director of the Housing & Community Development
Department, or designee, to execute and administer the agreements, seconded by Council
Member Leon. ROLL CALL VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Meeks,
Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz, and Maahs); NOES — 0. Motion carried.
M142 17. ORDINANCE NO. 6618 _ _ (INTRODUCTION) AN ORDINANCE OF THE
CITY OF ANAHEIM adding Chapter 6.103 (Nitrous Oxide) to Title 6 of the Anaheim
Municipal Code (Public Health and Safety) to regulate the sale of Nitrous Oxide to
prevent illegal and recreational use in order to protect public health and. safety [includes
determination that the proposed amendments are not subject to the California
Environmental Quality Act Guidelines under Sections 15060(c)(2), 15060(c)(3), 15378,
and 15061(b)(3) of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations].
ORDINANCE NO. 6619_ (INTRODUCTION) AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY
OF ANAHEIM adding Chapter 6.105 (Kratom) to Title 6 of the Anaheim Municipal Code
(Public Health and Safety) to regulate the sale, distribution, and possession of Kratom in
order to protect public health and safety [includes determination that the proposed
amendments are not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines
under Sections 15060(c)(2), 15060(c)(3), 15378, and 15061(b)(3) of Title 14 of the
California Code of Regulations].
ORDINANCE NO. __6620 (INTRODUCTION) AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY
OF ANAHEIM amending Chapter 6.44 (Nuisances) of Title 6 (Public Health and Safety);
Chapter 14.32 (Parking and Stopping) of Title 14 (Traffic); Chapters 18.04 (Single -Family
Residential Zones); 18.06 (Multiple -Family Residential Zones); 18.08 (Commercial
Zones); 18.10 (Industrial Zone); 18.12 (Mixed -Use Zone); 18.14 (Public and Special -
Purpose Zones); 18.16 (Regulatory Permits); 18.18 (Scenic Corridor (SC) Overlay zone);
18.36 (Types of Uses); 18.38 (Supplemental Use Regulations); 18.39 (Multiple -Family
and Mixed -Use Objective Design Standards); 18.40 (General Development Standards);
18.42 (Parking and Loading); 18.44 (Signs); 18.46 (Landscaping and Screening); 18.62
(Administrative Reviews); 18.66 (Conditional Use Permits); 18.92 (Definitions); 18.114
(Disneyland Resort Specific Plan No. 92-1 (SP 92-1) Zoning and Development
Standards); 18.116 (Anaheim Resort Specific Plan No. 92-2 (SP 92-2) Zoning and
Development Standards); 18.120 (Anaheim Canyon Specific Plan No. 2015-1 (SP 2015-
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 12 of 22
1) Zoning and Development Standards); 18.122 (Beach Boulevard Specific Plan No.
2017-1 (SP 2017-1) Zoning and Development Standards) of Title 18 (Zoning) of the
Anaheim Municipal Code; Adjustment No. 17 to the Disneyland Resort Specific Plan No.
92-1 (SP 92-1) Zoning and Development Standards; Adjustment No. 15 to the Anaheim
Resort Specific Plan No. 92-2 (SP 92-2) Zoning and Development Standards;
Adjustment No. 16 to the Anaheim Canyon Specific Plan No. 2015-1 (SP 2015-1) Zoning
and Development Standards; Adjustment No. 10 to the Beach Boulevard Specific Plan
No. 2017-1 (SP 2017-1) Zoning and Development Standards; and determining that the
proposed amendments are not subject to the California Environmental Quality Act
(CEQA) Guidelines under Sections 15060(c)(2), 15060(c)(3), 15378, and
15061(b)(3) of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations [Development
Application No. 2025-00041: Annual Update Anaheim Municipal Code Titles 6 (Public
Health and Safety), 14 (Traffic), and18 (Zoning) Related to Code Streamlining and
Improvements].
Director of Planning and Building Heather Allen reported that the annual update began in 2004,
focused on updates to the Zoning Code to increase efficiency, improve service delivery, and
respond to changing regulatory and market demands. She stated that it has continued to evolve
to also comply with changes in State law and support City Council Strategic Plan priorities. She
noted that as a result of collaboration with other departments and Zoning Code updates, the
action includes amendments for Code Enforcement including to provide additional tools to
address public nuisances and for the Police Department to have local regulations for nitrous
oxide and kratom.
Director Allen reported that the proposed changes to Chapter 6.44 Public Nuisance include the
addition of a provision requiring unprotected exterior access points to crawl spaces be secured
(which can become dens for animals such as coyotes); and updates the process for emergency
abatement to identify the City Manager as the person who can initiate abatement instead of City
Council, streamlining the process to allow the City to move faster to resolution of public
nuisances.
Director Allen stated that in response to City Council direction on May 13, 2025, regulations
have been developed related to the sale of nitrous oxide to prevent illegal and recreational use.
She explained that nitrous oxide is an odorless, colorless chemical. She shared that although
there are legitimate uses, it is also subject to and marketed for widespread recreational misuse
and abuse. She added that recreational misuse of these products poses significant health risks,
including oxygen deprivation, hypoxia, neurological damage, cognitive impairment, loss of
consciousness, and even death. She reported that despite regulations in the California Penal
Code, State law does not specifically prohibit retailers from selling nitrous oxide to adults, even
when the seller has actual or constructive knowledge that the buyer intends to use it for
intoxication. She stated that specifically in Anaheim, nitrous oxide has been observed for sale at
tobacco shops and liquor stores throughout the City. She reported that the Police Department
has received 986 calls for services related to nitrous oxide, seized it as evidence 454 times, and
made 373 arrests for possession of nitrous oxide with the intent to inhale or ingest between
January 1, 2024 and September 30, 2025. She noted that new Chapter 6.103 (Nitrous Oxide)
establishes reasonable local regulations to preserve and protect public health and safety with
respect to the sale of nitrous oxide for recreational misuse and identifies criminal and civil
penalties for violations.
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 13 of 22
Director Allen reported that in response to City Council direction on September 9, 2025,
regulations have been developed for the sale, distribution, and possession of kratom. She stated
that kratom is a tropical tree native to Southeast Asia and its leaves are commonly consumed in
powdered or extract form for their stimulant and sedative effects. She added that compounds in
kratom raise serious concerns regarding addiction, overdose, and adverse physical and
psychological effects which can also be amplified when products contain elevated
concentrations of 7-hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) or are enhanced through synthetic or semi -
synthetic processes that increase potency beyond naturally occurring levels. She stated that
new Chapter 6.105 (Kratom) establishes reasonable local regulations to safeguard public health
and safety by prohibiting the sale, distribution, or possession of specified kratom and 7-
hydroxymitragynine products, prohibiting synthetic enhancements, and restricting packaging and
marketing practices that target minors; and identifies criminal and civil penalties for violations.
Director Allen reported that changes in State law and interpretations require the City to make
amendments to Title 18. She noted that the amendments are primarily associated with
Accessory Dwelling Units (ADUs for Single -Family properties and include a change in the
number of ADUs that can be developed associated with a proposed or existing single-family
residence, eliminating owner occupancy on properties with a Junior ADU, unless there are
shared sanitation facilities. She added that employee housing for Agricultural Use changes will
implement both recent State Law changes and our Housing Element and replace prior
regulations for "agricultural workers quarters." She reported that the lists for the trees that may
be planted on private property and slopes within the Scenic Corridor Overlay is updated
following a recent evaluation by the Public Works Department and landscaping requirements are
updated Citywide to provide options for more drought tolerant landscape.
Director Allen reported that, following recent updates related to Disneyland Forward, several
internal references and clarifications are required to facilitate accurate and consistent
implementation of the Disneyland and Anaheim Resort Specific Plans. She shared that the
proposed changes provide clarifications related to certain types of signs and parking structure
heights, which involve only administrative clarifications and corrections; no modifications to
physical development standards or requirements are proposed. She noted that there are
additional amendments to clarify, simplify, streamline, correct outdated or inaccurate references
to better serve the public and staff in addition to addressing minor changes to existing
regulations for compliance with State Law. She added that on November 17, 2025, the Planning
Commission unanimously recommended City Council approval of the Title 18 (Zoning Code)
amendments.
DISCUSSION: Council Member Leon requested clarification on the process for public
nuisances.
Director Allen explained that specific to emergency abatements, for situations that require
immediate attention, the current process does not provide the ability for the City to attend to the
nuisance without presenting the item to Council. She clarified that the City would have the period
to notice following the determination and require a 4/5 Council vote to make the declaration. She
shared that, consistent with other agencies, the proposed update would allow the City Manager
to make certain findings to find and declare the nuisance. She added that there is due process
afforded to an applicant and they can request a hearing following the determination, and the
property owner would be responsible for costs incurred.
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 14 of 22
In response to Council Member Leon, Director Allen clarified that for emergencies, the City
would determine an immediate threat under the criteria for a public nuisance to address the
issue and recover costs.
Council Member Leon inquired if there were additional responsibilities for the owner if the City
declared an emergency abatement.
Director Allen explained that for cost recovery, a lien is placed on the property. She added if the
cycle continues, the City would evaluate and defer the property owner through the appropriate
process that correlates to the remaining nuisances on the property.
In response to Council Member Leon, Director Allen reported that there is no map available but
shared that the City received 86 calls for service, 454 instances recorded as evidence, and 373
arrests for possession. She acknowledged that liquor and tobacco stores may correlate with
hotspots in the City. She noted that nitrous oxide is marketed toward youth and the activity may
occur in different locations than typical quality -of -life calls.
Council Member Leon requested additional information on the criminal and civil penalties.
Deputy City Attorney Sunny Huynh reported that citations are issued at the discretion of the
officer. She explained that the charge could range from a misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of
not more than $1,000 or imprisonment in the City or County jail for a period not exceeding six
months. She added that it can also be written up as a civil citation.
Council Member Leon at enforcement decisions would depend on officer discretion, expressed
appreciation for the work being done and commended efforts to streamline the process for
addressing nuisance properties in neighborhoods.
Council Member Rubalcava thanked staff for including the kratom regulations. She requested
additional information on enforcement for kratom. She commented on the impacts of the drugs
on Anaheim youth.
Director Allen stated that the City Attorney's Office drafted the ordinance to address overly
concentrated kratom products and youth -targeted marketing while recognizing there are
legitimate uses, and deferred to Sunny for detailed specifics.
Deputy City Attorney Huynh reported that the ordinance attempts to address youth who are
using the products. She stated that it requires businesses that are selling legitimate kratom
products to not sell to anyone under 21 and to identify individuals who are purchasing the
products. She added that the ordinance bans products that are not synthetic and are being sold
as synthetic and products with more than 2% 7-OH.
In response to Council Member Rubalcava, Deputy City Attorney Huynh prohibits marketing
toward children, including packaging, colors, and images.
Council Member Rubalcava requested additional information on enforcement for stores that are
selling the items.
Director Allen explained that having both criminal and civil enforcement options allows Code
Enforcement and the Police Department to act jointly or separately, starting with education to
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 15 of 22
inform operators of requirements and due process, then enforcing compliance as needed,
similar to the process for tobacco requirements.
In response to Council Member Rubalcava, Police Department Lieutenant Christopher Moody
explained that the ordinance is aimed at operators. He added that Code Enforcement and the
Police Department would work together to enforce a civil or criminal penalty.
Council Member Rubalcava requested a memo to Council regarding notification and outreach to
stores. She thanked staff for their efforts to keep Anaheim youth and the community safe.
Mayor Pro Tem Meeks thanked staff for bringing the item forward. She inquired if other
surrounding agencies are adopting similar restrictions.
Lieutenant Moody reported that kratom is trending nationwide with many cities adopting
regulations to ban it. He noted that Newport Beach was one of the first to ban kratom and the
County of Orange. He added that some Los Angeles County cities have banned it.
In response to Mayor Pro Tem Meeks, Lieutenant Moody clarified that some cities are banning
kratom entirely, including Newport Beach. He added that the City considered the legitimate uses
as an herbal supplement in some communities. He confirmed that the City is prohibiting kratom
in its synthetic form.
Mayor Pro Tem Meeks inquired if staff was evaluating additional limitations on group homes
regarding concentration or regulation.
Director Allen explained that those issues were not considered but could be presented as a
separate item.
Council Member Balius inquired how nitrous oxide sales would be restricted, noting the
legitimate uses for food preparation. He questioned whether the an would apply Citywide or only
to certain retailers. He raised concerns bout online purchases that can bypass in-store ID
requirements.
Deputy City Attorney Huynh reported that the ban prohibits any person from selling nitrous oxide
but outlines exemptions for legitimate use, including culinary uses, vehicular, or medical or
dental uses. She added that under State law, retailers that sell nitrous oxide are required to log
the individuals who purchase it.
In response to Council Member Balius, Director Allen clarified that the public nuisance
provisions are applied Citywide. She explained that it allows single-family homes to park RVs,
within the requirements, on the property. She added that ADUs are permitted on the property but
are not permitted for living uses.
Council Member Balius inquired whether temporary inhabitation in an RV would be prohibited.
Director Allen explained that the ordinance does not specify a time limit; however, enforcement
would occur if the situation has created nuisance conditions such as safety or sanitation issues.
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 16 of 22
MOTION: Council Member Rubalcava moved to introduce ORDINANCE NO. .... 6618 _
(INTRODUCTION) AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF ANAHEIM adding Chapter 6.103
(Nitrous Oxide) to Title 6 of the Anaheim Municipal Code (Public Health and Safety) to regulate
the sale of Nitrous Oxide to prevent illegal and recreational use in order to protect public health
and safety [includes determination that the proposed amendments are not subject to the
California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines under Sections 15060(c)(2), 15060(c)(3),
15378, and 15061(b)(3) of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations], ORDINANCE NO.
6619 _ (INTRODUCTION) AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF ANAHEIM
adding Chapter 6.105 (Kratom) to Title 6 of the Anaheim Municipal Code (Public Health and
Safety) to regulate the sale, distribution, and possession of Kratom in order to protect public
health and safety [includes determination that the proposed amendments are not subject to the
California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines under Sections 15060(c)(2), 15060(c)(3),
15378, and 15061(b)(3) of Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations], and ORDINANCE
NO. 6620 _ (INTRODUCTION) AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF ANAHEIM
amending Chapter 6.44 (Nuisances) of Title 6 (Public Health and Safety); Chapter 14.32
(Parking and Stopping) of Title 14 (Traffic); Chapters 18.04 (Single -Family Residential Zones);
18.06 (Multiple -Family Residential Zones); 18.08 (Commercial Zones); 18.10 (Industrial Zone);
18.12 (Mixed -Use Zone); 18.14 (Public and Special -Purpose Zones); 18.16 (Regulatory
Permits); 18.18 (Scenic Corridor (SC) Overlay zone); 18.36 (Types of Uses); 18.38
(Supplemental Use Regulations); 18.39 (Multiple -Family and Mixed -Use Objective Design
Standards); 18.40 (General Development Standards); 18.42 (Parking and Loading); 18.44
(Signs); 18.46 (Landscaping and Screening); 18.62 (Administrative Reviews); 18.66
(Conditional Use Permits); 18.92 (Definitions); 18.114 (Disneyland Resort Specific Plan No. 92-
1 (SP 92-1) Zoning and Development Standards); 18.116 (Anaheim Resort Specific Plan No.
92-2 (SP 92-2) Zoning and Development Standards); 18.120 (Anaheim Canyon Specific Plan
No. 2015-1 (SP 2015-1) Zoning and Development Standards); 18.122 (Beach Boulevard
Specific Plan No. 2017-1 (SP 2017-1) Zoning and Development Standards) of Title 18 (Zoning)
of the Anaheim Municipal Code; Adjustment No. 17 to the Disneyland Resort Specific Plan No.
92-1 (SP 92-1) Zoning and Development Standards; Adjustment No. 15 to the Anaheim Resort
Specific Plan No. 92-2 (SP 92-2) Zoning and Development Standards; Adjustment No. 16 to the
Anaheim Canyon Specific Plan No. 2015-1 (SP 2015-1) Zoning and Development Standards;
Adjustment No. 10 to the Beach Boulevard Specific Plan No. 2017-1 (SP 2017-1) Zoning and
Development Standards; and determining that the proposed amendments are not subject
to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines under Sections
15060(c)(2), 15060(c)(3), 15378, and 15061(b)(3) of Title 14 of the California Code of
Regulations [Development Application No. 2025-00041: Annual Update Anaheim Municipal
Code Titles 6 (Public Health and Safety), 14 (Traffic), and18 (Zoning) Related to Code
Streamlining and Improvements], seconded by Council Member Leon.. ROLL CALL VOTE:
AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Meeks, Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz, and
Maahs); NOES — 0. Motion carried. Ordinances introduced.
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 17 of 22
B105 18. Review the list of regional agency appointments and consider appointing or re-
appointing representatives to serve on the following regional agencies:
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California:
(RE) APPOINTMENT: —Ste;-)hen Faessel
(currently held by Stephen Faessel)
NOMINATION: Mayor Aitken nominated Stephen Faessel for reappointment. ROLL CALL
VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Meeks, Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz,
and Maahs); NOES — 0. Nomination approved.
North Net Fire Training Joint Powers Authority:
(RE) APPOINTMENT: _ Council Member Kristen Maahs
(currently held by Council Member Natalie Rubalcava)
ALTERNATE: _ Council Member Natalie Rubalcava
(currently held by Council Member Kristen Maahs)
NOMINATION: Mayor Aitken nominated Council Member Maahs and Council Member
Rubalcava for the alternate. ROLL CALL VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members
Meeks, Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz, and Maahs); NOES — 0. Nominations approved.
Orange County -City Hazardous Materials Emergency Response Authority:
(RE) APPOINTMENT: Council Member Natalie Rubalcava
(currently held by Council Member Natalie Rubalcava)
NOMINATION: Mayor Aitken nominated Council Member Rubalcava for reappointment. ROLL
CALL VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Meeks, Balius, Leon, Rubalcava,
Kurtz, and Maahs); NOES — 0. Nomination approved.
Orange County Housing Finance Trust:
(RE) APPOINTMENT: Council Member Norma Cam;aos Kurtz, (2-year term, term ending
(currently held by Council Member Norma Campos Kurtz) December 2027)
NOMINATION: Mayor Aitken nominated Council Member Kurtz for reappointment. ROLL CALL
VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Meeks, Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz,
and Maahs); NOES — 0. Nomination approved.
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 18 of 22
Orange County Sanitation District:
(RE) APPOINTMENT: Council Member Carlos Leon
(currently held by Council Member Carlos Leon)
ALTERNATE: Council Member Ryan Balius
(currently held by Council Member Ryan Balius)
NOMINATION: Mayor Aitken nominated Council Member Leon for reappointment. ROLL CALL
VOTE: AYES — 4 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Leon, Rubalcava, and Maahs) NOEs — 1
(Council Member Kurtz) ABSTAIN - 2 (Mayor Pro Tern Meeks and Council Member Balius).
Nomination approved.
NOMINATION: Council Member Balius self -nominated for the appointment. ROLL CALL VOTE:
AYES — 3 (Mayor Pro Tern Meeks and Council Members Balius and Kurtz); NOES — 1 (Council
Member Maahs); ABSTAIN — 3 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Leon and Rubalcava).
Nomination failed.
NOMINATION: Council Member Leon nominated Council Member Balius for the alternate.
ROLL CALL VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Meeks, Balius, Leon,
Rubalcava, Kurtz, and Maahs); NOES — 0. Nomination approved.
Orange County Water District, District 9:
(RE) APPOINTMENT: Mayor Pro Tern Natalie Meeks _ (current term ending
(currently held by Mayor Pro Tern Natalie Meeks) December 2028)
NOMINATION: Mayor Aitken nominated Mayor Pro Tem Meeks for reappointment. ROLL CALL
VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Meeks, Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz,
and Maahs); NOES — 0. Nomination approved.
Santa Ana River Flood Protection Agency:
(RE) APPOINTMENT: Mayor Pro Tern Natalie Meeks
(currently held by Mayor Pro Tern Natalie Meeks)
ALTERNATE: Public Works Director Rudy Emami
(currently held by Public Works Director Rudy Emami)
NOMINATION: Mayor Aitken nominated Mayor Pro Tern Meeks for reappointment and Public
Works Director Rudy Emami for the alternate. ROLL CALL VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and
Council Members Meeks, Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz, and Maahs); NOES — 0. Nominations
approved.
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 19 of 22
Southern California Association of Governments (and Orange County Council of
Governments):
(RE) APPOINTMENT: _ Council Member Ryan Balius (term ending May 2026)
(currently held by Council Member Ryan Balius)
ALTERNATE: Council Member Norma Camr Kurtz
(currently held by Council Member Norma Campos Kurtz)
NOMINATION: Mayor Aitken nominated Council Member Balius for reappointment and Council
Member Kurtz for the alternate. ROLL CALL VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council
Members Meeks, Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz, and Maahs); NOES — 0. Nominations
approved.
Transportation Corridor Agency, Foothill/Eastern:
(RE) APPOINTMENT: Mayor Pro Tem Natalie Meeks
(currently held by Mayor Pro Tern Natalie Meeks)
ALTERNATE: Mayor Ashleigh Aitken
(currently held by Mayor Ashleigh Aitken)
NOMINATION: Mayor Aitken nominated Mayor Pro Tern Meeks and self -nominated for the
alternate. ROLL CALL VOTE: AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Meeks, Balius,
Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz, and Maahs); NOES — 0. Nominations approved.
D114 19. Nominate and appoint one Council Member to serve as Mayor Pro Tern for the 2026
calendar year, effective January 1, 2026.
APPOINTMENT: Council Member Carlos Leo
NOMINATION: Mayor Aitken nominated Council Member Carlos Leon. ROLL CALL VOTE:
AYES — 7 (Mayor Aitken and Council Members Meeks, Balius, Leon, Rubalcava, Kurtz, and
Maahs); NOES — 0. Nomination approved.
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 20 of 22
PUBLIC HEARING:
C280 20. DEVELOPMENT APPLICATION NO.2023-00043
C330 FINAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT (FEIR) NO. 358 AND
C410 MITIGATION MONITORING PROGRAM NO.397
C420 GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT
AMENDMENT NO. 6 TO FESTIVAL SPECIFIC PLAN NO. 90-1 WITH
ZONING CODE AMENDMENT TO CHAPTER 18.108
(FESTIVAL SPECIFIC PLAN NO. 90-1 (SP 90-1 }
ZONING AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS) OF THE ANAHEIM MUNICIPAL CODE
FINAL SITE PLAN
DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENT NO.2025-00001
OWNER: OTR, an Ohio General Partnership, One California Street, Suite 2700, San
Francisco, CA 94111
APPLICANT: Sean McEachern, Shea Properties Management Company, Inc., 130
Vantis Drive, Suite 200, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656
PROJECT LOCATION: The project site consists of the entirety of the existing 85.7-acre
Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan, generally located south of Santa Ana Canyon Road
between Festival Drive and Roosevelt Road, in the City of Anaheim.
REQUEST: The applicant requests approval of a General Plan Amendment;
Amendment No. 6 to Specific Plan No. 90-1, to amend the Specific Plan document and
Chapter 18.108 (Festival Specific Plan No. 90-1 (SP 90-1) Zoning and Development
Standards) of the Anaheim Municipal Code; Final Site Plan; and a Development
Agreement to establish a new Development Area (DA 5) within the existing boundaries
of the Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan to accommodate residential uses in
combination with the site's existing commercial development. DA 5 would be created by
reallocating land from the existing DA 2, reducing its size from approximately 48 acres to
31.8 acres. The resulting 16.2-acre area would form the new DA 5. All proposed
development would be confined to DA 5, which encompasses Assessor's Parcel
Numbers (APNs) 354-451-19 and 354-451-32. The proposed project includes the
demolition of an approximately 62,676-square foot cinema within DA 5 to construct a
447-unit multiple -family residential community. The proposed multiple -family community
would consist of a four-story residential building, wrapped around a five -level parking
structure with one subterranean level. All residential units are single -story and include
one -bedroom, two -bedroom, and three -bedroom options with private balconies or patios.
Project amenities include a clubhouse, two swimming pools, courtyards, a fitness center,
and mail area. In addition to the project's private amenities, the applicant is proposing an
enclosed outdoor dog park along Festival Drive and bluff park along the north edge of
the newly proposed DA 5, which would be open to the residents of the community and
the general public.
The applicant requests the General Plan Amendment and Specific Plan Amendment to
allow for the proposed residential uses and the creation of DA 5. The General Plan
Amendment would change the land use designation within DA 5 from Regional
Commercial to Mixed -Use Medium. The Mixed -Use Medium land use designation allows
for residential development in either a stand-alone or mixed -use configuration at a
density of up to 36 dwelling units per acre, and the non-residential development at a
maximum floor area ratio of 0.35. The Specific Plan Amendment would amend the
Specific Plan No. 90-1 document to allow for the mixed -use land uses on a total of 16.2
acres (DA 5) and includes other text and exhibit amendments related to signage,
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 21 of 22
permitted uses, design guidelines, and development standards. The Specific Plan
Amendment would also amend Anaheim Municipal Code Chapter 18.108 (Festival
Specific Plan No. 90-1 (SP 90-1) Zoning and Development Standards), to incorporate
the proposed residential standards into DA 5 and other clarifying changes related to
signage, permitted uses, and development standards.
ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION: The City Council will consider certification of
Final Environmental Impact Report (FEIR) No. 358, including the adoption of Findings of
Fact, Statement of Overriding Considerations, and Mitigation Monitoring Program (MMP)
No. 397, and determine that FEIR No. 358 was prepared in compliance with the
California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), and FEIR No. 358 and MMP No. 397 are
adequate to serve as the appropriate environmental documentation for the project, and
no further environmental documentation needs to be prepared for the project.
ACTION TAKEN BY THE PLANNING COMMISSION:
Approved Resolution No. PC2025-033 recommending the City Council certify a Final
Environmental Impact Report No. 358, adopt findings and Statement of Overriding
Considerations, and adopt Mitigation Monitoring Program No. 397 for the Anaheim Hills
Festival Project and related actions; Resolution No. PC2025-034 recommending the City
Council approve and adopt a proposed General Plan Land Use Element Amendment;
Resolution No. PC2025-035 recommending that the City Council approve a Final Site
Plan for the construction of 447 multiple -family units and make certain findings in
connection therewith, as amended to add Condition of Approval No. 43 and renumber
the Conditions of Approval to reflect the change; and Resolution No. PC2025-036
recommending City Council approve and adopt Development Agreement No. 2025-
00001 by and between the City of Anaheim, and OTR, an Ohio Partnership. VOTE: 6-1
(Chairperson Walker and Commissioners Abdulrahman, Castro, Lieberman, Perez, and
Tran-Martin voted yes; Commissioner Kelly voted no) (Planning Commission meeting of
November 17, 2025).
RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF
THE CITY OF ANAHEIM (a) certifying Final Environmental Impact Report No. 358, (b)
adopting findings of fact and a statement of overriding considerations in connection
therewith, and (c) adopting Mitigation Monitoring Program No. 397 for the Anaheim Hills
Festival Project and required and related discretionary actions (DEV2023-00043).
RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF
THE CITY OF ANAHEIM amending the General Plan Land Use Element of the City of
Anaheim (DEV2023-00043).
ORDINANCE NO. _ __ (INTRODUCTION) AN ORDINANCE OF THE
CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ANAHEIM approving and adopting amendments to
The Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan No. 90-1 (SP 90-1) and Chapter 18.108
(Festival Specific Plan No. 90-1 (SP 90-1) Zoning and Development Standards) of Title
18 of the Anaheim Municipal Code and amending Ordinance Nos. 5109 and 5110, as
previously amended (Amendment No. 6 to the Festival Specific Plan) (DEV2023-00043).
City Council Minutes of December 16, 2025
Page 22 of 22
RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF
THE CITY OF ANAHEIM approving a Final Site Plan for the construction of 447 multiple -
family units and make certain findings in connection therewith (DEV2023-00043).
ORDINANCE NO. (INTRODUCTION) AN ORDINANCE OF THE
CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF ANAHEIM approving and adopting Development
Agreement No. 2025-00001 by and between the City of Anaheim and OTR, an Ohio
Partnership, and making certain findings related thereto (DEV203-00043).
Public Hearing continued to the Council meeting of January 13, 2026.
REPORT ON CLOSED SESSION ACTIONS:
was no reportable action.
PUBLIC COMMENTS (non -agenda items):
COUNCIL AGENDA SETTING:
City Attorney Robert Fabela stated there
None
Council Member Maahs requested a recognition for Chain Reaction, a vital community hub for
local youth and music lovers, which will be closing its doors permanently at the end of the
month. She shared that the venue, located in District 3, will host its final shows on December
18th and 19th, headlined by the band The Movements.
Mayor Pro Tern Meeks requested a review by the Planning Department and City Attorney's
Office of potential updates to group home ordinances, including comparisons with other cities
and best practices.
Council Member Rubalcava thanked Mayor Pro Tem Meeks for her request due to the number
of group homes in District 3 and recent updates to State law. She requested a recognition for
Randy Reyes. She requested an update on gang enforcement and recent activity in the City to
the City Council and at a public meeting and a discussion on strategies for suppression,
prevention, and intervention.
Mayor Aitken requested to recognize Toastmasters for their 100th Anniversary and being the
second -oldest Toastmasters in the world. She requested an update on an overtime item.
ADJOURNMENT: With no further business before the Council, Mayor Aitken adjourned the
City Council at 7:54 p.m.
Respec4ully submitted,
Therlesa Bass, CIVIC
City Clerk
12/12/202512:52:45 PM
Date:
From
To:
Cc
Subject: [EXTERNAL] SAFER Comment Submission with Expert Exhibit on the FEIR for the Anaheim Hills Festival Specific
Plan Amendment Project (SCH No. 2024010859; Development Application No. 2023-00043)
Attachment: 2025.12.12 FEIR CC Conmrnt - Festival Anaheim Idills - FINAL with Exhibit.pdf,
You don't often get ermil frombayley@lozeaudniry.com Learn m ft ft is iMortarrt
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Dear Mayor Aitken, Honorable Members of the Anaheim City Cotmcil, Ms. Bass, and Ms. Laufer,
On behalf of Supporters Alliance for Environmental Responsibility ("SAFER'), please find attached conYwnts, including an expert exhibit,
regarding the Final Emnronrnental lnpact Report for the Anaheim Ilills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project (SCH No. 2024010859;
Development Application No. 2023-00043) ("Project'). The Project is scheduled to be heard as Agenda Item 20 at the City Council meeting on
December 16, 2025 at 5pm
Ifyou could please confirm receipt of this email and the attached conmrnts, that would be greatly appreciated. Thank you for your tirre!
Best regards,
Hayley Uno
Hayley Uno (sbe/her)
Lozeau Dn y LIP
1939 Harrison Street, Suite 150
Oakland, CA 94612
Ofce: 510 836-4200
bavlea1-0zeaudnny.rnin
DRURYLLL T 510.836.4200
F 510.836.4205
VIA EMAIL
December 12, 2025
Ashleigh Aitken, Mayor
Natalie Meeks, Mayor Pro Tem
Ryan Balius, Council Member
Carlos Leon, Council Member
Natalie Rubalcava, Council Member
Norma Campos Kurtz, Council Member
Kristen Maahs, Council Member
Anaheim City Council
200 South Anaheim Boulevard, 7th Floor
Anaheim, CA 92805
publiccomment@anaheim.net
aaitken@anaheim.net
nmeeks@anaheim.net
rbalius@anaheim.net
cleon@anaheim.net
nrubalcava@anaheim.net
nkurtz@anaheim.net
kmaahs@anaheim.net
1939 Harrison Street, Ste. 150 www.lozeaudrury.com
Oakland, CA 94612 rebecca@lozeaudrury.com
Amanda Lauffer, Senior Planner
Planning Services Division
City of Anaheim
200 South Anaheim Boulevard, Suite 162
Anaheim, CA 92805
alauffer@anaheim.net
Theresa Bass, CMC, City Clerk
Anaheim City Clerk's Office
200 South Anaheim Boulevard, Room 217
Anaheim, CA 92805
cityclerk@anaheim.net
tbass@anaheim.net
Re: Comment on the Final Environmental Impact Report for the Anaheim Hills
Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project (SCH No. 2024010859;
Development Application No. 2023-00043)
Dear Mayor Aitken, Honorable Members of the Anaheim City Council, Ms. Bass, and Ms.
Lauffer:
This comment is submitted on behalf of Supporters Alliance for Environmental
Responsibility ("SAFER") regarding the Environmental Impact Report ("FEIR") prepared for
the Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project (SCH No. 2024010859)
("Project"). The Project involves amendments to the General Plan and the Anaheim Hills
Festival Specific Plan to build a new 447-unit, multi -family residential building in the Anaheim
Hills area of the City of Anaheim, California. The Project is scheduled to be heard as Agenda
Item 20 at the Anaheim City Council meeting on December 16, 2025 at 5pm.
SAFER is concerned that the EIR violates CEQA because: (1) it relies on improper
deferred mitigation for the Project's fire and evacuation safety impacts, which is prohibited
SAFER Comment Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
December 12, 2025
Page 2 of 11
under the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA"), without evidence of the measures'
effectiveness; (2) its mitigation measures for soil stability impacts are inadequate; (3) it fails to
include all feasible mitigation measures to reduce the Project's transportation impacts; and (4) it
fails to analyze and mitigate the Project's significant indoor air quality impacts. SAFER requests
that the City Council deny certification of the EIR for the Project and instead require the City to
address the EIR's shortcomings in a recirculated EIR, before Project approval.
SAFER's review of the Project has been assisted by indoor air quality expert Francis
Offermann, P.E., C.I.H. Mr. Offermann's comment and CV are attached as Exhibit A and are
incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The Project involves the demolition of an existing movie cinema on the Project site and
the construction of a new, 447-unit, multi -family residential building with a five -level
wraparound parking structure with one level of subterranean parking on 16.2 acres of a 85.7-acre
site, located in the Anaheim Hills area of the City of Anaheim. The Project site is bounded by
Santa Ana Canyon Road and SR-91 to the north, Roosevelt Road to the east, single family
residences to the south, and undeveloped land to the west. Surrounding land uses include
commercial uses to the north, office and institutional uses to the east, residential uses to the
south, and undeveloped private parcels, a park preserve, and a utility transmission corridor to the
west. The site currently has a General Plan land use designation of Regional Commercial. The
site consists of the entirety of the Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan ("Specific Plan"), which
currently includes four different commercial Development Areas ("DAs").
The Project includes amendments to the Specific Plan and General Plan. The Specific
Plan amendment would create a new development area, DA 5, within the existing Specific Plan
boundaries to allow for the development of residential uses mixed in with existing commercial
development. DA 5 would reduce DA 2 from 48 acres to 31.8 acres. The net reduction of 16.2
acres from DA 2 would be used to create DA 5 and build the Project. The General Plan
amendment would change the Project site's land use designation from Regional Commercial to
Mixed -Use Medium.
LEGAL STANDARD
I. CEQA and Environmental Impact Reports
CEQA has two primary purposes. First, CEQA is designed to inform decisionmakers and
the public about the potential, significant environmental effects of a project. (14 Cal. Code Regs.
["CCR"] § 15002(a)(1).) "Its purpose is to inform the public and its responsible officials of the
environmental consequences of their decisions before they are made. Thus, the EIR `protects not
only the environment but also informed self-government. "' (Citizens of Goleta Valley v. Bd. Of
Supervisors (1990) 52 Cal.3d 553, 564.) Second, CEQA requires public agencies to avoid or
reduce environmental damage when "feasible" by requiring "environmentally superior"
alternatives and all feasible mitigation measures. (14 CCR § 15002(a)(2) and (3); see also
SAFER Comment Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
December 12, 2025
Page 3 of 11
Berkeley Jets Over the Bay Com. V. Board of Port Cmrs. (2001) 91 Cal.AppAth 1349, 1354;
Goleta Valley, 52 Cal.3d at 564.)
CEQA requires that an agency analyze the potential environmental impacts of its
proposed actions in an Environmental Impact Report ("EIR"), except in certain limited
circumstances. (See, e.g., Pub. Res. Code ["PRC"] § 21100.) The EIR is the very heart of CEQA.
(Dunn -Edwards v. BAAQMD (1992) 9 Cal.AppAth 644, 652. The EIR is an "environmental
`alarm bell' whose purpose is to alert the public and its responsible officials to environmental
changes before they have reached the ecological points of no return." (Bakersfield Citizens for
Local Control v. City of Bakersfield (2004), 124 Cal.AppAth 1184, 1220.) The EIR also
functions as a "document of accountability," intended to "demonstrate to an apprehensive
citizenry that the agency has, in fact, analyzed and considered the ecological implications of its
action." (Laurel Heights Improvements Assn. v. Regents of Univ. of Cal. (1988) 47 Cal.3d 376,
392.)
The EIR serves to provide agencies and the public with information about the
environmental impacts of a proposed project and to "identify ways that environmental damage
can be avoided or significantly reduced." (14 CCR § 15002(a)(2).) Critical to this purpose, the
EIR must contain an "accurate and stable project description." (Cnty. of Inyo v. City of Los
Angeles (1977) 71 Cal.App.3d 185 at 192-93 ("An accurate, stable and finite project description
is the sine qua non of an informative and legally sufficient EIR.") The project description must
contain (a) the precise location and boundaries of the proposed project, (b) a statement of the
project objectives, and (c) a general description of the project's technical, economic, and
environmental characteristics. (14 CCR § 15124.)
II. Standard of Review
The California Supreme Court has emphasized that:
When reviewing whether a discussion is sufficient to satisfy CEQA, a court must be
satisfied that the EIR (1) includes sufficient detail to enable those who did not participate
in its preparation to understand and to consider meaningfully the issues the proposed
project raises [citation omitted] ...
(Sierra Club v. Cty. Of Fresno (2018) 6 Cal.5th 502, 510 (2018) [citing Laurel Heights
Improvement Assn., 47 Cal.3d at 405].) The Court in Sierra Club v. Cty. of Fresno also
emphasized that another primary consideration of sufficiency is whether the EIR "makes a
reasonable effort to substantively connect a project's air quality impacts to likely health
consequences." (Id. at 510.) "Whether or not the alleged inadequacy is the complete omission of
a required discussion or a patently inadequate one -paragraph discussion devoid of analysis, the
reviewing court must decide whether the EIR serves its purpose as an informational document."
(Id. at 516.)
Although an agency has discretion to decide the manner of discussing potentially
significant effects in an EIR, "a reviewing court must determine whether the discussion of a
SAFER Comment Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
December 12, 2025
Page 4 of 11
potentially significant effect is sufficient or insufficient, i.e., whether the EIR comports with its
intended function of including `detail sufficient to enable those who did not participate in its
preparation to understand and to consider meaningfully the issues raised by the proposed
project."' (Sierra Club, 6 Cal.5th at 516 [citing Bakersfield Citizens for Local Control v. City of
Bakersfield (2004) 124 Cal.AppAth 1184, 1197].) "The determination whether a discussion is
sufficient is not solely a matter of discerning whether there is substantial evidence to support the
agency's factual conclusions." (Id. at 516.) As the Court emphasized:
[W]hether a description of an environmental impact is insufficient because it lacks
analysis or omits the magnitude of the impact is not a substantial evidence question. A
conclusory discussion of an environmental impact that an EIR deems significant can be
determined by a court to be inadequate as an informational document without reference
to substantial evidence.
(Id. at 514.) Additionally, "in preparing an EIR, the agency must consider and resolve every fair
argument that can be made about the possible significant environmental effects of a project."
(Protect the Historic Amador Waterways v. Amador Water Agency (2004) 116 Cal.AppAth
1099, 1109.)
III. Mitigation Measures
In general, mitigation measures must be designed to minimize, reduce or avoid an
identified environmental impact or to rectify or compensate for that impact. (14 CCR § 15370.)
Where several mitigation measures are available to mitigate an impact, each should be discussed
and the basis for selecting a particular measure should be identified. (14 CCR §
15126.4(a)(1)(B).) A lead agency may not make the required CEQA findings unless the
administrative record clearly shows that all uncertainties regarding the mitigation of significant
environmental impacts have been resolved.
If the project will have a significant effect on the environment, the agency may approve
the project only if it finds that it has "eliminated or substantially lessened all significant effects
on the environment where feasible" and that any unavoidable significant effects on the
environment are "acceptable due to overriding concerns." (PRC § 21081; 14 CCR §
15092(b)(2)(A) and (B).)
DISCUSSION
I. The EIR relies on improper deferred mitigation measures for the Project's fire and
evacuation safety impacts, without evidence that the measures are effective.
An EIR's mitigation measures must be fully enforceable and must actually rectify, reduce
or eliminate an impact on the environment. (CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15370, 15126.4, subd. (a)(2).)
"Mitigating conditions are not mere expressions of hope." (Sierra Club v. Cnty. of San Diego
(2014) 231 Cal.App.4th 1152, 1167 [quoting Lincoln Place Tenants Ass'n v. City of Los Angeles
(2005) 130 Ca1.App.4th 1491, 1508].) The purpose of having mitigation measures is that they
SAFER Comment Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
December 12, 2025
Page 5of11
"actually be implemented as a condition of development, and not merely adopted and then
neglected or disregarded." (Lincoln Place Tenants Assn. v. City of Los Angeles (2005) 130
Cal.AppAth 1491, 1508.) A lead agency must determine, based on substantial evidence, that
mitigation measures are effective. (Lotus v. Dep't of Transportation (2014) 223 Cal.AppAth 645,
656-658.) In addition, "[foormulation of mitigation measures shall not be deferred until some
future time." (CEQA Guidelines § 15126.4, subd. (a)(1)(B).) "Deferred mitigation violates
CEQA if it lacks performance standards to ensure the mitigation goal will be achieved." (Golden
Door Properties, LLC v. Cmy. of San Diego (2020) 50 Cal.App.5th 467, 520.) Here, the EIR's
mitigation measures for fire and evacuation safety impacts do not meet these fundamental
standards.
A. The EIR relies on improperly deferred mitigation measures for the Project's
fire and evacuation safety impacts.
Lead agencies may defer formulating mitigation until after project approval only "when it
is impractical or infeasible to include those details during the project's environmental review."
(CEQA Guidelines § 15126.4(a)(1)(B); see also POET, LLC v. State Air Res. Bd. (2013) 218
Cal.AppAth 681, 736.) An EIR must also explain an agency's decision to defer finalizing the
specifics of mitigation. (Preserve Wild Santee v. City of Santee (2012) 210 Cal.App.4th 260,
281.)
In the limited circumstances where deferring mitigation is justified, the EIR must (1)
commit itself to the mitigation, (2) adopt specific performance standards the mitigation will
achieve, and (3) identify the types of potential actions that can feasibly achieve that performance
standard. (Guidelines § 15126.4, subd. (a)(1)(13); See Preserve Wild Santee v. City of Santee
(2012) 210 Cal.AppAth 260, 281; San Joaquin Raptor Rescue Center v. Cmy. ofMerced (2007)
149 Cal.AppAth 645, 671.)
CEQA disallows deferring the formulation of mitigation measures to post -approval
studies. (CEQA Guidelines § 15126.4(a)(1)(B); Sundstrom v. Cnty. of Mendocino (1988) 202
Cal.App.3d 296, 308-309.) An agency may only defer the formulation of mitigation measures
when it possesses "`meaningful information' reasonably justifying an expectation of
compliance." (Sundstrom, 202 Cal.App.3d at 308; see also Sacramento Old City Association v.
City Council of Sacramento (1991) 229 Cal.App.3d 1011, 1028-29 (mitigation measures may be
deferred only "for kinds of impacts for which mitigation is known to be feasible").)
An agency may not rely on mitigation measures of uncertain efficacy or feasibility (Kings
County Farm Bureau v. City of Hanford (1990) 221 Cal.App.3d 692, 727 (finding groundwater
purchase agreement inadequate mitigation because there was no evidence that replacement water
was available).) This approach helps "insure the integrity of the process of decisionmaking by
precluding stubborn problems or serious criticism from being swept under the rug." (Concerned
Citizens of Costa Mesa, Inc. v. 32nd Dist. Agricultural Assn. (1986) 42 Cal.3d 929, 935.)
Moreover, "mitigation measure[s] [that do] no more than require a report be prepared and
followed" do not provide adequate information for informed decisionmaking under CEQA.
SAFER Comment Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
December 12, 2025
Page 6 of 11
(Endangered Habitats League, Inc. v. Cnty. of Orange (2005) 131 Cal.AppAth 777, 794; CEQA
Guidelines § 15126.4(a)(1)(B).) By deferring the development of specific mitigation measures,
the City has effectively precluded public input into the development of those measures. CEQA
prohibits this approach. As explained by the court in Communities for a Better Env't v.
Richmond (2010) 184 Cal.AppAth 70, 92:
[R]eliance on tentative plans for future mitigation after completion of the CEQA process
significantly undermines CEQA's goals of full disclosure and informed decisionmaking;
and[,] consequently, these mitigation plans have been overturned on judicial review as
constituting improper deferral of environmental assessment.
Here, the EIR offers three mitigation measures to reduce the Project's adverse impacts
related to fire and evacuation safety. These include: (1) PDF HAZ-1, in which the Project
Applicant will prepare a construction fire prevention plan to be submitted to Anaheim Fire &
Rescue for review and approval before Project construction begins; (2) PDF HAZ-2, in which
the Applicant will develop a wildfire evacuation and awareness plan to be submitted for review
and approval by the City of Anaheim Planning Department, Anaheim Police Department, and
Anaheim Fire & Rescue before the issuance of a certificate of occupancy for the first multiple -
family residential unit; and (3) MM HAZ-1, in which the Applicant will prepare a construction
management plan to be submitted for review and approval by Anaheim Fire & Rescue before the
issuance of grading permits.
However, all three measures constitute improper deferred mitigation, because all three of
the plans would not be formulated until after Project approval, thereby depriving the public and
the CEQA decision -making body of any opportunity to review the plans to ensure they are
adequate. The EIR does not explain why it is impossible to prepare each of these mitigation
plans now, during the EIR process.
Furthermore, the EIR deferred the preparation of the plans until after completion of
CEQA review without imposing any substantive standards. Such deferred mitigation is invalid
under CEQA, and the Project's impacts on fire and evacuation safety thus likely remain
significant. A revised, recirculated EIR is required to develop clear, enforceable mitigation
measures to address the Project's significant adverse impacts on fire and evacuation safety.
Additionally, the City may not delegate the formulation and approval of mitigation
measures to address environmental impacts to the applicant, as it does here. An agency's
legislative body must ultimately review and vouch for all environmental analysis mandated by
CEQA. (Sundstrom, 202 Cal.App.3d at 306-308.) Thus, the EIR may not rely on safety plans to
be developed and implemented later without approval by the City Council. Yet, that is precisely
what the EIR's mitigation measures do. The City has therefore improperly delegated its legal
responsibility of determining what constitutes adequate mitigation to the Applicant, in violation
of CEQA.
SAFER Comment Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
December 12, 2025
Page 7 of 11
B. There is no evidence that the EIR's mitigation measures for the Project's fire
and evacuation safety impacts are effective.
A lead agency must determine, based on substantial evidence, that mitigation measures
are effective. (Lotus, 223 Cal.AppAth at 656-658.) "[M]itigation measure[s] [that do] no more
than require a report be prepared and followed" do not provide adequate information for
informed decision -making under CEQA. (Endangered Habitats League, Inc. v. Cnty. of Orange
(2005) 131 Cal.AppAth 777, 794; CEQA Guidelines § 15126.4(a)(1)(B).)
Here, the City failed to provide any evidence that the three abovementioned mitigation
measures for the Project's fire and evacuation safety impacts will actually be effective to
meaningfully reduce the Project's impacts because the City failed to quantify the effectiveness of
the mitigation measures. The City also failed to compare the measures' effectiveness against a
numerical threshold of impact significance. Nor could they, since the plans do not have to be
created until after the EIR is certified and the Project is approved. As a result, the public has no
way to evaluate whether the plans will actually decrease the fire and evacuation safety impacts.
Moreover, the three mitigation measures do not provide the City adequate information to
conclude that these measures will be effective. Therefore, the EIR violates CEQA because there
is no evidence the mitigation measures will be effective and actually reduce fire and evacuation
safety impacts.
II. The EIR relies on inadequate, deferred mitigation measures for the Project's
adverse soil stability impacts.
Here, the EIR offers one mitigation measure, MM GEO-1, for the Project's adverse soil
stability impacts. MM GEO-1 requires that, before the issuance of grading and building permits,
the City's Building Division and Public Works Department review all Project plans for grading,
foundation, structural, infrastructure, and other relevant construction permits to ensure
compliance with the recommendations contained in the Geotechnical Exploration and Feasibility
Report prepared for the Project in 2022 by NMG Geotechnical, Inc.
However, this constitutes insufficient, deferred mitigation because the City's review of
the Project plans for compliance with the Geotechnical Exploration and Feasibility Report must
be conducted before Project approval, especially since this Report is presently available.
Otherwise, there is no way to determine whether the mitigation is sufficient to reduce impacts
and the CEQA decision -making body will be deprived of the opportunity to review the plans for
compliance, in violation of CEQA.
III. The EIR fails to require all feasible mitigation measures to reduce the Project's
adverse transportation impacts.
CEQA prohibits a lead agency from approving a project with significant environmental
effects if there are feasible mitigation measures or alternatives that can substantially lessen or
avoid those effects. (PRC § 21002; Mountain Lion Found. V. Fish & Game Comm 'n (1997) 16
CalAth 105, 134; Laurel Heights, 47 Cal.3d at 403 ["The chief goal of CEQA is mitigation or
SAFER Comment Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
December 12, 2025
Page 8ofII
avoidance of environmental harm"].) CEQA defines "feasible" as "capable of being
accomplished in a successful manner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account
economic, environmental, social and technological factors." (PRC § 21061.1; 14 CCR § 15364.)
"The core of an EIR is the mitigation and alternatives sections." (Goleta Valley, 52 Cal.3d at
564.) When an EIR concludes that a project will have significant impacts, the lead agency has
two duties: (1) to meaningfully consider feasible mitigation measures and alternatives, and (2) to
identify mitigation measures and alternatives rejected as infeasible. (See, Preservation Action
Council v. City of San Jose (2006) 141 Cal.App.4th 1336, 1353.)
When a comment suggests "better ways to avoid or mitigate the significant
environmental impacts" (14 CCR §§15088(c), 15204(a)), the lead agency must respond to the
comment by either explaining why further consideration of the alternative or mitigation was
rejected or by providing an evaluation of the alternative. (Marin Mun. Water Dist. V. KG Land
Cal. Corp. (1991) 235 Ca1.App.3d 1652, 1666; see Cal. Native Plant Soc'y v. City of Santa Cruz
["CNPS"] (2009) 177 Cal.AppAth 957, 992.) "`[A]n adequate EIR must respond to specific
suggestions for mitigating a significant environmental impact unless the suggested mitigation is
facially infeasible.' [citation omitted] `While the response need not be exhaustive, it should
evince good faith and a reasoned analysis."' (CNPS, 177 Cal.AppAth at 992, citing L.A. Unified
School Dist. V. City of L.A. (1997) 58 Cal.AppAth 1019, 1029; see also, Citizens for Quality
Growth v. City ofMount Shasta (1988) 198 Cal.App.3d 433, 442, fn. 8.)
When an EIR has identified significant environmental effects that have not been
mitigated or avoided, the agency may not approve the project unless it first finds that "[s]pecific
economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations ... make infeasible the mitigation
measures or alternatives identified in the environmental impact report." (PRC § 21081(a)(3); see
14 CCR § 15091(a)(3).) Rejected alternatives and mitigation measures must be "truly infeasible."
(City ofMarina v. Bd. Of Trustees of Cal. State Univ. (2006) 39 CalAth 341, 369.) Infeasibility
findings must be supported by substantial evidence in the record. (PRC § 21081.5; 14 CCR §
15091(b).) "The required findings constitute the principal means chosen by the Legislature to
enforce the state's declared policy `that public agencies should not approve projects as proposed
if there are feasible alternatives or feasible mitigation measures available which would
substantially lessen the significant environmental effects of such projects..." (City ofMarina, 39
CalAth at 350 [quoting PRC § 21002].)
The City has labeled the Project's transportation impact as "significant and unavoidable,"
providing two mitigation measures, PDF TRANS-1 and PDF TRANS-2, to reduce the adverse
impacts of the Project's vehicle miles traveled ("VMT"). PDF TRANS-1 requires the Project to
include 45 moderate -income level housing units, estimating that this will reduce Project -
generated VMT by about 2.86%. PDF TRANS-2 requires the Project to provide 893 residential
parking spaces total, which is expected to reduce Project -generated VMT by 1%.
However, the California Department of Transportation ("Caltrans") suggested additional
transportation mitigation measures in its August 4, 2025 comment on the Project's draft EIR to
further mitigate the Project's adverse transportation impacts and reduce the Project's VMT.
These additional measures include, among other things: (1) encouraging the use of public transit
SAFER Comment Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
December 12, 2025
Page 9 of 11
among future residents, visitors, and workers; (2) implementing high -quality pedestrian, bicycle,
and transit facilities, including safety measures like physically separated sidewalks and bike
lanes, pedestrian -oriented LED lighting, and raised crosswalks; and (3) strategic placement of
short- and long-term bike parking. In its responses to Caltrans's comment in the FEIR, the City
failed to meaningfully respond to these suggested mitigation measures. The City neither
explained why further consideration of the measure was rejected nor provided any evaluation of
the measure; it merely "noted" the comments. The FEIR provides no evidence that any of these
measures are infeasible.
The EIR must be revised to consider these measures and adopt all these additional
mitigation measures to further reduce the Project's significant transportation impacts.
IV. The EIR failed to analyze and mitigate the Project's significant indoor air quality
impacts.
Certified industrial hygienist Francis Offermann, P.E., C.I.H., has reviewed the Project,
the EIR, and other relevant documents regarding the Project's indoor air emissions. The EIR
provides no analysis of the Project's indoor air quality impacts. Mr. Offermann concluded that
the Project will expose its future residents to significant health impacts related to indoor air
quality, particularly emissions of the cancer -causing chemical formaldehyde. Mr. Offermann is a
leading expert on indoor air quality and has published extensively on the topic.
Mr. Offermann explains that many composite wood products used in building materials
commonly found in residences and commercial spaces contain formaldehyde -based glues which
release formaldehyde gas over a very long period of time. He states, "The primary source of
formaldehyde indoors is composite wood products manufactured with urea -formaldehyde resins,
such as plywood, medium density fiberboard, and particle board. These materials are commonly
used in residential, office, and retail building construction for flooring, cabinetry, baseboards,
window shades, interior doors, and window and door trims." (Ex. A at 2-3.)
Formaldehyde is a known human carcinogen, classified by the State as a Toxic Air
Contaminant. The South Coast Air Quality Management District ("SCAQMD") has established a
CEQA significance threshold for airborne cancer risk of 10 per million. Mr. Offermann found
that future Project residents may be exposed to a cancer risk from formaldehyde emissions of
about 120 per million, even assuming that all materials comply with the California Air Resources
Board's ("CARB") formaldehyde airborne toxics control measure. (Id. at 4-5.) This exceeds the
SCAQMD's CEQA significance threshold for airborne cancer risk. (Id. at 2.)
Mr. Offermann concluded that the Project will have significant environmental impacts
that must be analyzed in a revised EIR, and that mitigation measures must be imposed to reduce
the raised cancer risk. (Id. at 12-13.) Mr. Offermann prescribed a methodology for estimating the
Project's formaldehyde emissions for a more project -specific health risk assessment. (Id. at 6-
10.) He also identified several feasible mitigation measures to decrease the significant health
risks, like installing air ventilation systems and requiring the use of composite wood materials
only for all interior finish systems that are made with CARB-approved no -added formaldehyde
SAFER Comment Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
December 12, 2025
Page 10 of 11
("NAF") resins or ultra -low emitting formaldehyde ("ULEF") resins. (Id. at 12-14.)
When a project exceeds a duly adopted CEQA significance threshold, as here, this alone
establishes substantial evidence that the project will have a significant adverse environmental
impact. Indeed, in many instances, such air quality thresholds are the only criteria reviewed and
treated as dispositive in evaluating the significance of a project's air quality impacts. (See, e.g.
Schenck v. Cmy. of Sonoma (2011) 198 Ca1.AppAth 949, 960 [County applies Air District's
"published CEQA quantitative criteria" and "threshold level of cumulative significance"]; see
also CEB, 103 Cal.AppAth at 110-11 ["A `threshold of significance' for a given environmental
effect is simply that level at which the lead agency finds the effects of the project to be
significant"].) The California Supreme Court has shown the importance an air district
significance threshold has in providing substantial evidence of a significant adverse impact.
(Communities for a Better Env't v. South Coast Air Quality Management Dist. (2010) 48 CalAth
310, 327 [estimated emissions in excess of air district's significance thresholds "constitute
substantial evidence supporting a fair argument for a significant adverse impact"].) Since expert
evidence shows the Project will exceed the SCAQMD's CEQA significance threshold, there is
substantial evidence that an "unstudied, potentially significant environmental effect[]" exists.
(See Friends of Coll. of San Mateo Gardens v. San Mateo Cmy. Cmty. Coll. Dist. (2016) 1
Cal.5th 937, 958.)
The City's failure to address the Project's formaldehyde emissions is contrary to the
California Supreme Court's decision in California Building Industry Ass'n v. Bay Area Air
Quality Mgmt. Dist. (2015) 62 Cal.4th 369, 386 ("CBIA"). The Court held in CBIA that CEQA
does not generally require lead agencies to analyze the impacts of adjacent environmental
conditions on a project. (Id. at 800-01.) However, to the extent that a project may exacerbate
existing environmental conditions at or near a project site, those effects would still have to be
considered pursuant to CEQA. (Id. at 801 ["CEQA calls upon an agency to evaluate existing
conditions in order to assess whether a project could exacerbate hazards that are already
present"].) In so holding, the Court expressly held that CEQA's statutory language requires lead
agencies to disclose and analyze "impacts on a project's users or residents that arise from the
project's effects on the environment." (Id. at 800.)
The carcinogenic formaldehyde emissions that Mr. Offermann has identified are not an
existing environmental condition. Those emissions will be from the Project. Residential tenants
will be the Project's users. Currently, there is presumably little to no formaldehyde emissions at
the site. Once built, the Project will start emitting formaldehyde at levels posing significant direct
and cumulative health risks to the Project's users. The California Supreme Court in CBIA
expressly found that this air emission and health impact from the Project on the environment and
a "project's users and residents" must be addressed under CEQA.
The California Supreme Court's reasoning is well-grounded in CEQA's statutory
language. CEQA expressly includes a project's effects on human beings as an effect on the
environment that must be addressed in an environmental review. "Section 21083(b)(3)'s express
language, for example, requires a finding of a `significant effect on the environment' (§
21083(b)) whenever the `environmental effects of a project will cause substantial adverse effects
SAFER Comment Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
December 12, 2025
Page 11 of 11
on human beings, either directly or indirectly."' (CBIA, 62 CalAth at 800 [emphasis in original].)
Likewise, "the Legislature has made clear —in declarations accompanying CEQA's enactment
— that public health and safety are of great importance in the statutory scheme." (Id., citing e.g.,
§§ 21000, subds. (b), (c), (d), (g), 21001, subds. (b), (d).) It goes without saying that the Project's
future residents are human beings, and their health and safety must be subjected to CEQA's
safeguards.
The City has a duty to investigate issues relating to a project's potential environmental
impacts. (See County Sanitation Dist. No. 2 v. Cnty. of Kern, (2005) 127 Cal.AppAth 1544,
1597-98. ["[U]nder CEQA, the lead agency bears a burden to investigate potential environmental
impacts."].) The Project will have significant effects on indoor air quality and health risks by
emitting formaldehyde that will expose future residents to cancer risks exceeding SCAQMD's
significance threshold for cancer risk of 10 per million. In light of this impact and the City's lack
of any evidence to the contrary, the EIR does not comply with CEQA, and the Project must
undergo CEQA review through a revised EIR instead before Project approval.
CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, SAFER respectfully requests that the City Council require the
City to revise the EIR to adequately address and mitigate the Project's significant adverse
impacts and ensure compliance with CEQA. The City should then recirculate the EIR so that the
public will have a full opportunity to review and comment on the analysis and mitigation
measures. Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely,
Rebecca Davis
LOZEAU DRURY LLP
EXHIBIT A
EEE INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING EEE
1448 Pine Street, Suite 103 San Francisco, California 94109
Telephone: (415) 567-7700
E-mail: offermann(&IEE-SF.com
http://www.ice-sf com
Date: November 15, 2025
To: Hayley Uno
Lozeau I Drury LLP
1939 Harrison Street, Suite 150
Oakland, California 94612
From: Francis J. Offermann PE CIH
Subject: Indoor Air Quality: Festival Anaheim Hills Project, Anaheim, CA.
(IEE File Reference: P-912)
Pages: 18
Indoor Air Quality Impacts
Indoor air quality (IAQ) directly impacts the comfort and health of building occupants, and
the achievement of acceptable IAQ in newly constructed and renovated buildings is a well -
recognized design objective. For example, IAQ is addressed by major high-performance
building rating systems and building codes (California Building Standards Commission,
2014; USGBC, 2014). Indoor air quality in homes is particularly important because
occupants, on average, spend approximately ninety percent of their time indoors with the
majority of this time spent at home (EPA, 2011). Some segments of the population that are
most susceptible to the effects of poor IAQ, such as the very young and the elderly, occupy
their homes almost continuously. Additionally, an increasing number of adults are working
from home at least some of the time during the workweek. Indoor air quality also is a
serious concern for workers in hotels, offices and other business establishments.
The concentrations of many air pollutants often are elevated in homes and other buildings
relative to outdoor air because many of the materials and products used indoors contain
and release a variety of pollutants to air (Hodgson et al., 2002; Offermann and Hodgson,
2011). With respect to indoor air contaminants for which inhalation is the primary route of
exposure, the critical design and construction parameters are the provision of adequate
ventilation and the reduction of indoor sources of the contaminants.
Indoor Formaldehyde Concentrations Impact. In the California New Home Study
(CNHS) of 108 new homes in California (Offermann, 2009), 25 air contaminants were
measured, and formaldehyde was identified as the indoor air contaminant with the highest
cancer risk as determined by the California Proposition 65 Safe Harbor Levels (OEHHA,
2017a), No Significant Risk Levels (NSRL) for carcinogens. The NSRL is the daily intake
level calculated to result in one excess case of cancer in an exposed population of 100,000
(i.e., ten in one million cancer risk) and for formaldehyde is 40 µg/day. The NSRL
concentration of formaldehyde that represents a daily dose of 40 µg is 2 µg/m3, assuming a
continuous 24-hour exposure, a total daily inhaled air volume of 20 m3, and 100%
absorption by the respiratory system. All of the CNHS homes exceeded this NSRL
concentration of 2 µg/m3. The median indoor formaldehyde concentration was 36 µg/m3,
and ranged from 4.8 to 136 µg/m3, which corresponds to a median exceedance of the 2
µg/m3 NSRL concentration of 18 and a range of 2.3 to 68.
Therefore, the cancer risk of a resident living in a California home with the median indoor
formaldehyde concentration of 36 µg/m3, is 180 per million as a result of formaldehyde
alone. The CEQA significance threshold for airborne cancer risk is 10 per million, as
established by the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD, 2021).
Besides being a human carcinogen, formaldehyde is also a potent eye and respiratory
irritant. In the CNHS, many homes exceeded the non -cancer reference exposure levels
(RELs) prescribed by California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment
(OEHHA, 2017b). The percentage of homes exceeding the RELs ranged from 98% for the
Chronic REL of 9 µg/m3 to 28% for the Acute REL of 55 µg/m3.
The primary source of formaldehyde indoors is composite wood products manufactured
with urea -formaldehyde resins, such as plywood, medium density fiberboard, and
particleboard. These materials are commonly used in building construction for flooring,
cabinetry, baseboards, window shades, interior doors, and window and door trims.
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In January 2009, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) adopted an airborne toxics
control measure (ATCM) to reduce formaldehyde emissions from composite wood
products, including hardwood plywood, particleboard, medium density fiberboard, and also
furniture and other finished products made with these wood products (California Air
Resources Board 2009). While this formaldehyde ATCM has resulted in reduced emissions
from composite wood products sold in California, they do not preclude that homes built
with composite wood products meeting the CARB ATCM will have indoor formaldehyde
concentrations below cancer and non -cancer exposure guidelines.
A follow up study to the California New Home Study (CNHS) was conducted in 2016-2018
(Singer et. al., 2019) and found that the median indoor formaldehyde in new homes built
after 2009 with CARB Phase 2 Formaldehyde ATCM materials had lower indoor
formaldehyde concentrations, with a median indoor concentrations of 22.4 µg/m3 (18.2 ppb)
as compared to a median of 36 µg/m3 found in the 2007 CNHS. Unlike in the CNHS study
where formaldehyde concentrations were measured with pumped DNPH samplers, the
formaldehyde concentrations in the HENGH study were measured with passive samplers,
which were estimated to under -measure the true indoor formaldehyde concentrations by
approximately 7.5%. Applying this correction to the HENGH indoor formaldehyde
concentrations results in a median indoor concentration of 24.1 µg/m3, which is 33% lower
than the 36 µg/m3 found in the 2007 CNHS.
Thus, while new homes built after the 2009 CARB formaldehyde ATCM have a 33% lower
median indoor formaldehyde concentration and cancer risk, the median lifetime cancer risk
is still 120 per million for homes built with CARB compliant composite wood products.
This median lifetime cancer risk is more than 12 times the OEHHA 10 in a million cancer
risk threshold (OEHHA, 2017a).
With respect to the Festival Anaheim Hills Project, Anaheim, CA, the buildings consist of
residential spaces.
The residential occupants will potentially have continuous exposure (e.g. 24 hours per day,
52 weeks per year). These exposures are anticipated to result in significant cancer risks
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resulting from exposures to formaldehyde released by the building materials and furnishing
commonly found in residential construction.
Because these residences will be constructed with CARB Phase 2 Formaldehyde ATCM
materials and be ventilated with the minimum code required amount of outdoor air, the
indoor residential formaldehyde concentrations are likely similar to those concentrations
observed in residences built with CARB Phase 2 Formaldehyde ATCM materials, which
is a median of 24.1 µg/m3 (Singer et. al., 2020)
Assuming that the residential occupants inhale 20 in of air per day, the average 70-year
lifetime formaldehyde daily dose is 482 µg/day for continuous exposure in the residences.
This exposure represents a cancer risk of 120 per million, which is more than 12 times the
CEQA cancer risk of 10 per million. For occupants that do not have continuous exposure,
the cancer risk will be proportionally less but still substantially over the CEQA cancer risk
of 10 per million (e.g. for 12/hour/day occupancy, more than 6 times the CEQA cancer risk
of 10 per million).
In addition, we note that the average outdoor air concentration of formaldehyde in
California is 3 ppb, or 3.7 µg/m3, (California Air Resources Board, 2004), and thus
represents an average pre-existing background airborne cancer risk of 1.85 per million.
Thus, the indoor air formaldehyde exposures describe above exacerbate this pre-existing
risk resulting from outdoor air formaldehyde exposures.
Additionally, the SCAQMD's Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study ("MATES V")
identifies an existing cancer risk at the Project site of 362 per million due to the site's
elevated ambient air contaminant concentrations, which are due to the area's high levels of
vehicle traffic. These impacts would further exacerbate the pre-existing cancer risk to the
building occupants, which result from exposure to formaldehyde in both indoor and
outdoor air.
Appendix A, Indoor Formaldehyde Concentrations and the CARB Formaldehyde ATCM,
provides analyses that show utilization of CARB Phase 2 Formaldehyde ATCM materials
will not ensure acceptable cancer risks with respect to formaldehyde emissions from
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composite wood products.
Even composite wood products manufactured with CARB certified ultra -low emitting
formaldehyde (ULEF) resins do not ensure that the indoor air will have concentrations of
formaldehyde the meet the OEHHA cancer risks that substantially exceed 10 per million.
The permissible emission rates for ULEF composite wood products are only 11-15% lower
than the CARB Phase 2 emission rates. Only use of composite wood products made with
no -added formaldehyde resins (NAF), such as resins made from soy, polyvinyl acetate, or
methylene diisocyanate can ensure that the OEHHA cancer risk of 10 per million is met.
The following describes a method that should be used, prior to construction in the
environmental review under CEQA, for determining whether the indoor concentrations
resulting from the formaldehyde emissions of specific building materials/furnishings
selected exceed cancer and non -cancer guidelines. Such a design analyses can be used to
identify those materials/furnishings prior to the completion of the City's CEQA review and
project approval, that have formaldehyde emission rates that contribute to indoor
concentrations that exceed cancer and non -cancer guidelines, so that alternative lower
emitting materials/furnishings may be selected and/or higher minimum outdoor air
ventilation rates can be increased to achieve acceptable indoor concentrations and
incorporated as mitigation measures for this project.
Pre -Construction Building Material/Furnishing Formaldehyde Emissions Assessment
This formaldehyde emissions assessment should be used in the environmental review under
CEQA to assess the indoor formaldehyde concentrations from the proposed loading of
building materials/furnishings, the area -specific formaldehyde emission rate data for
building materials/furnishings, and the design minimum outdoor air ventilation rates. This
assessment allows the applicant (and the City) to determine, before the conclusion of the
environmental review process and the building materials/furnishings are specified,
purchased, and installed, if the total chemical emissions will exceed cancer and non -cancer
guidelines, and if so, allow for changes in the selection of specific material/furnishings
and/or the design minimum outdoor air ventilations rates such that cancer and non -cancer
guidelines are not exceeded.
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1.) Define Indoor Air Quality Zones. Divide the building into separate indoor air quality
zones, (IAQ Zones). IAQ Zones are defined as areas of well -mixed air. Thus, each
ventilation system with recirculating air is considered a single zone, and each room or
group of rooms where air is not recirculated (e.g. 100% outdoor air) is considered a separate
zone. For IAQ Zones with the same construction material/furnishings and design minimum
outdoor air ventilation rates. (e.g. hotel rooms, apartments, condominiums, etc.) the
formaldehyde emission rates need only be assessed for a single IAQ Zone of that type.
2.) Calculate Material/Furnishing Loading. For each IAQ Zone, determine the building
material and furnishing loadings (e.g., m2 of material/m2 floor area, units of furnishings/m2
floor area) from an inventory of all potential indoor formaldehyde sources, including
flooring, ceiling tiles, furnishings, finishes, insulation, sealants, adhesives, and any
products constructed with composite wood products containing urea -formaldehyde resins
(e.g., plywood, medium density fiberboard, particleboard).
3.) Calculate the Formaldehyde Emission Rate. For each building material, calculate the
formaldehyde emission rate (µg/h) from the product of the area -specific formaldehyde
emission rate (µg/m2-h) and the area (m2) of material in the IAQ Zone, and from each
furnishing (e.g. chairs, desks, etc.) from the unit -specific formaldehyde emission rate
(µg/unit-h) and the number of units in the IAQ Zone.
NOTE: As a result of the high-performance building rating systems and building codes
(California Building Standards Commission, 2014; USGBC, 2014), most manufacturers of
building materials furnishings sold in the United States conduct chemical emission rate
tests using the California Department of Health "Standard Method for the Testing and
Evaluation of Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions for Indoor Sources Using
Environmental Chambers," (CDPH, 2017), or other equivalent chemical emission rate
testing methods. Most manufacturers of building furnishings sold in the United States
conduct chemical emission rate tests using ANSI/BIFMA M7.1 Standard Test Method for
Determining VOC Emissions (BIFMA, 2018), or other equivalent chemical emission rate
testing methods.
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CDPH, BIFMA, and other chemical emission rate testing programs, typically certify that a
material or furnishing does not create indoor chemical concentrations in excess of the
maximum concentrations permitted by their certification. For instance, the CDPH emission
rate testing requires that the measured emission rates when input into an office, school, or
residential model do not exceed one-half of the OEHHA Chronic Exposure Guidelines
(OEHHA, 2017b) for the 35 specific VOCs, including formaldehyde, listed in Table 4-1 of
the CDPH test method (CDPH, 2017). These certifications themselves do not provide the
actual area -specific formaldehyde emission rate (i.e., µg/m2-h) of the product, but rather
provide data that the formaldehyde emission rates do not exceed the maximum rate allowed
for the certification. Thus, for example, the data for a certification of a specific type of
flooring may be used to calculate that the area -specific emission rate of formaldehyde is
less than 31 µg/m2-h, but not the actual measured specific emission rate, which may be 3,
18, or 30 µg/m2-h. These area -specific emission rates determined from the product
certifications of CDPH, BIFA, and other certification programs can be used as an initial
estimate of the formaldehyde emission rate.
If the actual area -specific emission rates of a building material or furnishing is needed (i.e.
the initial emission rates estimates from the product certifications are higher than desired),
then that data can be acquired by requesting from the manufacturer the complete chemical
emission rate test report. For instance if the complete CDPH emission test report is
requested for a CDHP certified product, that report will provide the actual area -specific
emission rates for not only the 35 specific VOCs, including formaldehyde, listed in Table
4-1 of the CDPH test method (CDPH, 2017), but also all of the cancer and
reproductive/developmental chemicals listed in the California Proposition 65 Safe Harbor
Levels (OEHHA, 2017a), all of the toxic air contaminants (TACs) in the California Air
Resources Board Toxic Air Contamination List (GARB, 2011), and the 10 chemicals with
the greatest emission rates.
Alternatively, a sample of the building material or furnishing can be submitted to a
chemical emission rate testing laboratory, such as Berkeley Analytical Laboratory
(https://berkeleyanalytical.com), to measure the formaldehyde emission rate.
4.) Calculate the Total Formaldehyde Emission Rate. For each IAQ Zone, calculate the
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total formaldehyde emission rate (i.e. µg/h) from the individual formaldehyde emission
rates from each of the building material/furnishings as determined in Step 3.
5.) Calculate the Indoor Formaldehyde Concentration. For each IAQ Zone, calculate the
indoor formaldehyde concentration (µg/m3) from Equation 1 by dividing the total
formaldehyde emission rates (i.e. µg/h) as determined in Step 4, by the design minimum
outdoor air ventilation rate (m3/h) for the IAQ Zone.
Cin = Eroral (Equation 1)
Qoa
where:
C;,, = indoor formaldehyde concentration (µg/m3)
Ewt,i = total formaldehyde emission rate (µg/h) into the IAQ Zone.
Qoa = design minimum outdoor air ventilation rate to the IAQ Zone (m3/h
The above Equation 1 is based upon mass balance theory, and is referenced in Section
3.10.2 "Calculation of Estimated Building Concentrations" of the California Department
of Health "Standard Method for the Testing and Evaluation of Volatile Organic Chemical
Emissions for Indoor Sources Using Environmental Chambers", (CDPH, 2017).
6.) Calculate the Indoor Exposure Cancer and Non -Cancer Health Risks. For each IAQ
Zone, calculate the cancer and non -cancer health risks from the indoor formaldehyde
concentrations determined in Step 5 and as described in the OEHHA Air Toxics Hot Spots
Program Risk Assessment Guidelines; Guidance Manual for Preparation of Health Risk
Assessments (OEHHA, 2015).
7.) Mitigate Indoor Formaldehydeposures of exceeding the CEQA Cancer and/or Non -
Cancer Health Risks. In each IAQ Zone, provide mitigation for any formaldehyde exposure
risk as determined in Step 6, that exceeds the CEQA cancer risk of 10 per million or the
CEQA non -cancer Hazard Quotient of 1.0.
Provide the source and/or ventilation mitigation required in all IAQ Zones to reduce the
health risks of the chemical exposures below the CEQA cancer and non -cancer health risks.
t: S
Source mitigation for formaldehyde may include:
1.) reducing the amount materials and/or furnishings that emit formaldehyde
2.) substituting a different material with a lower area -specific emission rate of
formaldehyde
Ventilation mitigation for formaldehyde emitted from building materials and/or
furnishings may include:
1.) increasing the design minimum outdoor air ventilation rate to the IAQ Zone.
NOTE: Mitigating the formaldehyde emissions through use of less material/furnishings, or
use of lower emitting materials/furnishings, is the preferred mitigation option, as mitigation
with increased outdoor air ventilation increases initial and operating costs associated with
the heating/cooling systems.
Further, we are not asking that the builder "speculate" on what and how much composite
materials be used, but rather at the design stage to select composite wood materials based
on the formaldehyde emission rates that manufacturers routinely conduct using the
California Department of Health "Standard Method for the Testing and Evaluation of
Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions for Indoor Sources Using Environmental
Chambers," (CDPH, 2017), and use the procedure described earlier above (i.e. Pre -
Construction Building Material/Furnishing Formaldehyde Emissions Assessment) to
insure that the materials selected achieve acceptable cancer risks from material off gassing
of formaldehyde.
Outdoor Air Ventilation Impact. Another important finding of the CNHS, was that the
outdoor air ventilation rates in the homes were very low. Outdoor air ventilation is a very
important factor influencing the indoor concentrations of air contaminants, as it is the
primary removal mechanism of all indoor air generated contaminants. Lower outdoor air
exchange rates cause indoor generated air contaminants to accumulate to higher indoor air
concentrations. Many homeowners rarely open their windows or doors for ventilation as a
result of their concerns for security/safety, noise, dust, and odor concerns (Price, 2007). In
the CNHS field study, 32% of the homes did not use their windows during the 24-hour Test
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Day, and 15% of the homes did not use their windows during the entire preceding week.
Most of the homes with no window usage were homes in the winter field session. Thus, a
substantial percentage of homeowners never open their windows, especially in the winter
season. The median 24-hour measurement was 0.26 air changes per hour (ach), with a range
of 0.09 ach to 5.3 ach. A total of 67% of the homes had outdoor air exchange rates below
the minimum California Building Code (2001) requirement of 0.35 ach. Thus, the relatively
tight envelope construction, combined with the fact that many people never open their
windows for ventilation, results in homes with low outdoor air exchange rates and higher
indoor air contaminant concentrations.
The Festival Anaheim Hills Project, Anaheim, CA is close to roads with moderate to high
traffic (e.g., Riverside Freeway I-91, East Santa Ana Canyon Road, South Festival Drive,
Roosevelt Road etc.). Thus, the Project is located in a sound impacted area.
The Draft Environmental Impact Report - Festival Anaheim Hills Project, Anaheim, CA
(Kimberly -Horn and Associates, 2025) states in Table 4.13-5 that the modeled existing with
Project traffic noise levels will range from 60.5 to 73.2 dBA CNEL.
In order to design the building for this Project such that interior noise levels are acceptable,
an acoustic study with actual on -site measurements of the existing ambient noise levels and
modeled future ambient noise levels needs to be conducted. The acoustic study of the
existing ambient noise levels should be conducted over a minimum of a one -week period
and report the dBA CNEL or Ldn. This study will allow for the selection of a building
envelope and windows with a sufficient STC such that the indoor noise levels are
acceptable. A mechanical supply of outdoor air ventilation to allow for a habitable interior
environment with closed windows and doors will also be required. Such a ventilation system
would allow windows and doors to be kept closed at the occupant's discretion to control
exterior noise within building interiors.
PM2.5 Outdoor Concentrations Impact. An additional impact of the nearby motor vehicle
traffic associated with this project, are the outdoor concentrations of PM2.5. According to
the Draft Environmental Impact Report - Festival Anaheim Hills Project, Anaheim, CA
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(Kimberly -Horn and Associates, 2025), the Project is located in the South Coast Air Basin,
which is a State and Federal non -attainment area for PM2.5.
Additionally, the SCAQMD's MATES V study cites an existing cancer risk of 362 per
million at the Project site due to the site's high concentration of ambient air contaminants
resulting from the area's high levels of motor vehicle traffic.
An air quality analyses should be conducted to determine the concentrations of PM2.5 in the
outdoor and indoor air that people inhale each day. This air quality analyses needs to
consider the cumulative impacts of the project related emissions, existing and projected
future emissions from local PM2.5 sources (e.g. stationary sources, motor vehicles, and
airport traffic) upon the outdoor air concentrations at the Project site. If the outdoor
concentrations are determined to exceed the California and National annual average PM2.5
exceedence concentration of 12 µg/m3, or the National 24-hour average exceedence
concentration of 35 µg/m3, then the buildings need to have a mechanical supply of outdoor
air that has air filtration with sufficient removal efficiency, such that the indoor
concentrations of outdoor PM2.5 particles is less than the California and National PM2.5
annual and 24-hour standards.
It is my experience that based on the projected high traffic noise levels, the annual average
concentration of PM2.5 will exceed the California and National PM2.5 annual and 24-hour
standards and warrant installation of high efficiency air filters (i.e. at least MERV 13, or
possibly MERV 14 or 15 depending on the results of the Project ambient PM2.5
concentrations) in all mechanically supplied outdoor air ventilation systems.
Indoor Air Quality Impact Mitigation Measures
The following are recommended mitigation measures to minimize the impacts upon indoor
quality:
Indoor Formaldehyde Concentrations Mitigation. Use only composite wood materials (e.g.
hardwood plywood, medium density fiberboard, particleboard) for all interior finish
systems that are made with CARB approved no -added formaldehyde (NAF) resins (CARE,
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2009). CARB Phase 2 certified composite wood products, or ultra -low emitting
formaldehyde (ULEF) resins, do not ensure indoor formaldehyde concentrations that are
below the CEQA cancer risk of 10 per million. Only composite wood products
manufactured with CARB approved no -added formaldehyde (NAF) resins, such as resins
made from soy, polyvinyl acetate, or methylene diisocyanate can ensure that the OEHHA
cancer risk of 10 per million is met.
Alternatively, conduct the previously described Pre -Construction Building
Material/Furnishing Chemical Emissions Assessment, to determine that the combination of
formaldehyde emissions from building materials and furnishings do not create indoor
formaldehyde concentrations that exceed the CEQA cancer and non -cancer health risks.
It is important to note that we are not asking that the builder "speculate" on what and how
much composite materials be used, but rather at the design stage to select composite wood
materials based on the formaldehyde emission rates that manufacturers routinely conduct
using the California Department of Health "Standard Method for the Testing and
Evaluation of Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions for Indoor Sources Using
Environmental Chambers", (CDPH, 2017), and use the procedure described above (i.e.
Pre -Construction Building Material/Furnishing Formaldehyde Emissions Assessment) to
insure that the materials selected achieve acceptable cancer risks from material off gassing
of formaldehyde.
Outdoor Air Ventilation Miti ag tion. Provide each habitable room with a continuous
mechanical supply of outdoor air that meets or exceeds the California 2016 Building Energy
Efficiency Standards (California Energy Commission, 2015) requirements of the greater of
15 cfm/occupant or 0.15 cfm/ft2 of floor area. Following installation of the system conduct
testing and balancing to insure that required amount of outdoor air is entering each habitable
room and provide a written report documenting the outdoor airflow rates. Do not use
exhaust only mechanical outdoor air systems, use only balanced outdoor air supply and
exhaust systems or outdoor air supply only systems. Provide a manual for the occupants or
maintenance personnel, that describes the purpose of the mechanical outdoor air system and
the operation and maintenance requirements of the system.
12 of 18
PMZ s Outdoor Air Concentration Mitigation. Install air filtration with sufficient PM2.5
removal efficiency (e.g. MERV 13 or higher) to filter the outdoor air entering the
mechanical outdoor air supply systems, such that the indoor concentrations of outdoor PM2.5
particles are less than the California and National PM2.5 annual and 24-hour standards.
Install the air filters in the system such that they are accessible for replacement by the
occupants or maintenance personnel. Include in the mechanical outdoor air ventilation
system manual instructions on how to replace the air filters and the estimated frequency of
replacement.
References
BIFA. 2018. BIFMA Product Safety and Performance Standards and Guidelines.
www.bifrna.org/page/standardsoverview
Caja Environmental Services, 2025. City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning
Categorical Exemption\: 5424 Carlton Way Project, Environmental Case Number: ENV-
2024-915-CE
California Air Resources Board. 2004. Formaldehyde in the Home.
httns://ww3.arb.ca.aov > research > indoor > formalda108-04.ndf
California Air Resources Board. 2009. Airborne Toxic Control Measure to Reduce
Formaldehyde Emissions from Composite Wood Products. California Environmental
Protection Agency, Sacramento, CA.
httns://www.arb.ca. gov/reL,act/2007/comDwood07/fro-final.Ddf
California Air Resources Board. 2011. Toxic Air Contaminant Identification List.
California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, CA.
htips://www.arb.ca.gov/toxics/id/taclist.htm
13 of 18
California Building Code. 2001. California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 2 Volume 1,
Appendix Chapter 12, Interior Environment, Division 1, Ventilation, Section 1207: 2001
California Building Code, California Building Standards Commission. Sacramento, CA.
California Building Standards Commission (2014). 2013 California Green Building
Standards Code. California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 11. California Building
Standards Commission, Sacramento, CA http://www.bsc.ca.gov/Home/CALGreen.aspx.
California Energy Commission, PIER Program. CEC-500-2007-033. Final Report, ARB
Contract 03-326. Available at: www.arb.ca.iiov/research/aar/east/03-326.ndf
California Energy Commission, 2015. 2016 Building Energy Efficiency Standards for
Residential and Nonresidential Buildings, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 6.
htip://www.energy.ca. gov/2015publications/CEC-400-2015-037/CEC-400-2015-037-
CMF.pdf
CDPH. 2017. Standard Method for the Testing and Evaluation of Volatile Organic
Chemical Emissions for Indoor Sources Using Environmental Chambers, Version I.I.
California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA.
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CCDPHP/ DEODC/EHLB/IAQ/Pages/VOC.aspx.
Environmental Impact Report. SCH No. 2018011001.
EPA. 2011. Exposure Factors Handbook: 2011 Edition, Chapter 16 — Activity Factors.
Report EPA/600/R-09/052F, September 2011. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C.
Kimbery-Horn and Associates. 2025. Draft Environmental Impact Report - Festival
Anaheim Hills Project, Anaheim, CA.
OEHHA (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment). 2015. Air Toxics Hot Spots
Program Risk Assessment Guidelines; Guidance Manual for Preparation of Health Risk
Assessments.
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OEHHA (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment). 2017a. Proposition 65 Safe
Harbor Levels. No Significant Risk Levels for Carcinogens and Maximum Allowable Dose
Levels for Chemicals Causing Reproductive Toxicity. Available at:
httD://www.oehha.ca.Lyov/i)roi)65/ndf/safeharborO8l5l3.Ddf
OEHHA - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. 2017b. All OEHHA Acute,
8-hour and Chronic Reference Exposure Levels. Available at:
httD:Hoehha.ca.izov/air/allrels.html
Offermann, F. J. 2009. Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality in New Homes. California Air
Resources Board and California Energy Commission, PIER Energy -Related Environmental
Research Program. Collaborative Report. CEC-500-2009-085.
htt-Ds://www.arb.ca.Lyov/research/aDr/i)ast/04-3 IO.Ddf
Offermann, F. J. and A. T. Hodgson. 2011. Emission Rates of Volatile Organic Compounds
in New Homes. Proceedings Indoor Air 2011 (1211 International Conference on Indoor Air
Quality and Climate 2011), June 5-10, 2011, Austin, TX.
Singer, B.C, Chan, W.R, Kim, Y., Offermann, F.J., and Walker I.S. 2020. Indoor Air
Quality in California Homes with Code -Required Mechanical Ventilation. Indoor Air, Vol
30, Issue 5, 885-899.
South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD). 2015. California Environmental
Quality Act Air Quality Handbook. South Coast Air Quality Management District,
Diamond Bar, CA, hitp://www.agmd.gov/home/rules-compliance/cega/air-qualiw-
analysis -handbook
USGBC. 2014. LEED BD+C Homes v4. U.S. Green Building Council, Washington, D.C.
hqp://www.usabc.org/credits/homes/v4
15 of 18
APPENDIX A
INDOOR FORMALDEHYDE CONCENTRATIONS
AND THE
CARB FORMALDEHYDE ATCM
With respect to formaldehyde emissions from composite wood products, the CARB ATCM
regulations of formaldehyde emissions from composite wood products, do not assure
healthful indoor air quality. The following is the stated purpose of the CARB ATCM
regulation - The purpose of this airborne toxic control measure is to "reduce formaldehyde
emissions from composite wood products, and finished goods that contain composite wood
products, that are sold, offered for sale, supplied, used, or manufactured for sale in
California ". In other words, the CARB ATCM regulations do not "assure healthful indoor
air quality", but rather "reduce formaldehyde emissions from composite wood products".
Just how much protection do the CARB ATCM regulations provide building occupants
from the formaldehyde emissions generated by composite wood products? Definitely some,
but certainly the regulations do not "assure healthful indoor air quality " when CARB Phase
2 products are utilized. As shown in the Singer et. al., 2020 study of new California homes,
the median indoor formaldehyde concentration was of 22.3 µg/m3 (18.2 ppb), which
corresponds to a cancer risk of 112 per million for occupants with continuous exposure,
which is more than 11 times the CEQA cancer risk of 10 per million.
Another way of looking at how much protection the CARB ATCM regulations provide
building occupants from the formaldehyde emissions generated by composite wood
products is to calculate the maximum number of square feet of composite wood product that
can be in a residence without exceeding the CEQA cancer risk of 10 per million for
occupants with continuous occupancy.
For this calculation I utilized the floor area (2,272 ft2), the ceiling height (8.5 ft), and the
number of bedrooms (4) as defined in Appendix B (New Single -Family Residence Scenario)
of the Standard Method forthe Testing and Evaluation of Volatile Organic Chemical Emissions for Indoor
Sources Using Environmental Chambers, Version 1.1, 2017, California Department of Public Health,
16 of 18
Richmond, CA. https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CCDPHP/
DEODC/EHLB/IAQ/Pages/V OC. aspx.
For the outdoor air ventilation rate I used the 2019 Title 24 code required mechanical
ventilation rate (ASHRAE 62.2) of 106 cfm (180 m3/h) calculated for this model residence.
For the composite wood formaldehyde emission rates, I used the CARB ATCM Phase 2 rates.
The calculated maximum number of square feet of composite wood product that can be in
a residence, without exceeding the CEQA cancer risk of 10 per million for occupants with
continuous occupancy are as follows for the different types of regulated composite wood
products.
Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) — 15 ft2 (0.7% of the floor area), or
Particle Board — 30 ft2 (1.3% of the floor area), or
Hardwood Plywood — 54 ft2 (2.4% of the floor area), or
Thin MDF — 46 ft2 (2.0 % of the floor area).
For offices and hotels the calculated maximum amount of composite wood product (% of
floor area) that can be used without exceeding the CEQA cancer risk of 10 per million for
occupants, assuming 8 hours/day occupancy, and the California Mechanical Code minimum
outdoor air ventilation rates are as follows for the different types of regulated composite
wood products.
Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) — 3.6 % (offices) and 4.6% (hotel rooms), or
Particle Board — 7.2 % (offices) and 9.4% (hotel rooms), or
Hardwood Plywood — 13 % (offices) and 17% (hotel rooms), or
Thin MDF — 11 % (offices) and 14 % (hotel rooms)
Clearly the CARB ATCM does not regulate the formaldehyde emissions from composite
wood products such that the potentially large areas of these products, such as for flooring,
baseboards, interior doors, window and door trims, and kitchen and bathroom cabinetry,
could be used without causing indoor formaldehyde concentrations that result in CEQA
17 of 18
cancer risks that substantially exceed 10 per million for occupants with continuous
occupancy.
Even composite wood products manufactured with CARB certified ultra -low emitting
formaldehyde (ULEF) resins do not ensure that the indoor air will have concentrations of
formaldehyde the meet the OEHHA cancer risks that substantially exceed 10 per million.
The permissible emission rates for ULEF composite wood products are only 11-15% lower
than the CARB Phase 2 emission rates. Only use of composite wood products made with
no -added formaldehyde resins (NAF), such as resins made from soy, polyvinyl acetate, or
methylene diisocyanate can ensure that the OEHHA cancer risk of 10 per million is met.
If CARB Phase 2 compliant or ULEF composite wood products are utilized in construction,
then the resulting indoor formaldehyde concentrations should be determined in the design
phase using the specific amounts of each type of composite wood product, the specific
formaldehyde emission rates, and the volume and outdoor air ventilation rates of the indoor
spaces, and all feasible mitigation measures employed to reduce this impact (e.g. use less
formaldehyde containing composite wood products and/or incorporate mechanical systems
capable of higher outdoor air ventilation rates). See the procedure described earlier (i.e.
Pre -Construction Building Material/Furnishing Formaldehyde Emissions Assessment) to
ensure that the materials selected achieve acceptable cancer risks from material off gassing
of formaldehyde.
Alternatively, and perhaps a simpler approach, is to use only composite wood products (e.g.
hardwood plywood, medium density fiberboard, particleboard) for all interior finish
systems that are made with CARB approved no -added formaldehyde (NAF) resins.
18 of 18
Date: 12/13/2025 9:51:24 AM
From "Aline Young"
To: "Public Comment" publiccommelrt@anaheimnet
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Final Site Plan Festival Specific Plan No. 90-1 (SP 99-1)
[You don't often get email from Learn why this is important at httpsJlaka.ms/LeamAboutSenderldentifrcation ]
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message.
It would appear Anaheim is tone deaf to the concerns of local residents. The justification as to why traffic will not impact is absurd. Quite frankly it's embarrassing. I
will say again, traffic around Weir and Santa Ana Canyon and Weir and Monte Vista is a nightmare. As Corona housing and Riverside housing grew this has become
a major hub of uncontrolled congestion. In an emergency locals are in danger and lack of planning on Anaheirrs part will add to this danger. I will vote against every
Anaheimpolitician in favor of this project. Do your jobs and plan an infrastructure first.
Aline Young
-Anaheim CA 92808
Date: 12/14/202510:15:29 PM
From: "AndrewWmger"
To: "Public Conmmitt" publiccornment*anaheimnet
Subject: [EXTERNAL] 12/16/25 Meeting Comment
You don't often get email fro Learn �Lf iy thr, is important
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sender and are expecting the message.
This is relating to Agenda bullet point 20 for the 12/16/25 City Council Meeting: Festival Project Rezoning,
Dear Anaheim City Council,
This letter is in opposition to the proposed Festival project due to Fire Evacuation time concerns.
When it comes to Fire Safety, nobody goes shopping when they think their house is going to burn down. Instead, everybody goes
home. This Festival Project is going to add to the fire evacuation danger if you rezone from commercial to residential. You absolutely
cannot rezone this if you understand this fundamental difference.
This project is the same size, scope, and location as the Deer Canyon project, which was denied due to strong concerns about Fire
Evacuation times. You must apply the same logic to this proposed project and deny it.
The Know Your Way plan is flawed and untested. You cannot use that as an excuse for building residential units in a high fire danger
zone. You must solve the current infrastructure problem if you are interested in saving lives. The 3+ hour evacuation times remain
unchanged and unacceptable.
You have had over 1 year since the Deer Canyon project to take ANY steps to fix the infrastructure problem but have taken ZERO steps.
The residents of Anaheim are in the same amount of danger in the event of a Fire than we were a year ago.
Please deny this project. If you truly want it, please make the necessary infrastructure changes before you allow more buildings to be
built.
Thanks,
Andrew Winger
Anaheim, CA 92867
Date: 12/14/202511:43:31 PM
From:
To:
Cc:
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan
You don't often get erml from Learn why tivs is jrrportant
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sender and are expecting the message.
Dear Mayor and Council Members,
After any major disaster in which human lives are lost, the first question always is: What were the warning signs? Approving the Anaheim Hills
Specific Plan and adding any future residential buildings in Anaheim Hills without any traffic mitigation is your first and only warning sign.
Anaheim Hills is High Fire Risk area and currently when a major fire hits, fueled and spread by high Santa Ana winds, the residents do not have
nearly any adequate or necessary fire emergency escape routes.
During the October 2017 Canyon 2 Fire when residents of Anaheim Hills had to evacuate, there are multiple accounts that it took residents 3
hours to only travel 2 miles along Santa Ana Canyon Road. Since then the City of Anaheim has instituted the "Know Your Way" plan, but this
plan is completely untested and the one undeniable fundamental fact that Anaheim Fire Chief Pat Russell will testify to is that when there is a
large scale residential fire evacuation, everyone tends to evacuate all at once which will result again in entire gridlock along the current
evacuation routes and if large fire balls sweep through those areas, people sitting in traffic will die.
I know the City of Anaheim is being mandated by the State of California to build more housing, but it it will jeopardize the satety of the current
residents in Anaheim Hills, which the Anaheim Hills Specific Plan will do, then it doesn't justify or validate the State of California's mandate.
Properfire emergency evacuation routes need to be in place before any further building in Anaheim Hills can be done. Weir Canyon Road has
not been linked to Jamboree Road and the Fairmount Boulevard fly -over has been built over the Santa Ana River to connect to Fairmount
Boulevard in Yorba Linda. Anaheim Hills residents need to have both of those vital fire emergency evacuation routes available. In short, the
State of California, the County of Orange, and the City of Anaheim has not done their due diligence to properly protect the residents of
Anaheim Hills and provide adequate amounts of emergency evacuation routes to allow for more residential building in Anaheim Hills to occur.
If the City Anaheim votes for the Anaheim Festival Specific Plan which will allow for 1,000 additional residents and vehicles in Anaheim Hills
without having any additional emergency fire evacuation routes, then the City of Anaheim will be willfully negligent when the next large scale
residential fire occurs in Anaheim Hills and as a result residents will be trapped in gridlock traffic and human lives will be lost.
The Cinema in the Festival Shopping Center has always been a cinema since its inception many years ago, but it can be something else
commercially. In the same shopping center, a former Stein Mart store was subdivided into two stores: Nordstrom Rack and Ulta Beauty and
both of those stores now are doing very well. 20years ago a Super K-Mart in Anaheim Hills on Pullman Street became a Home Depot, which is
thriving and is the second largest Home Depot in the United States. The former cinema at Imperial Highway and La Palma Avenue is now a
Tesla Service Center and the former Big Lots on Santa Ana Canyon will be a TraderJoe's, which I know many residents are looking forward to.
The important point is that the cinema building in the Festival Shopping Center remain for commercial use because when the next large
residential fire event occurs, especially a Red Flag Warning, those businesses will be closed and no traffic will be coming or going from them.
Finally, what is extremely vital to point out is if there is a large residential building instead, 1000 people will descend on that area by coming
home from work after picking up their children from school and then evacuating all at once and adding to the paralyzing traffic gridlock along
Santa Ana Canyon and many of them could lose their lives as a result.
Therefore, because the lives of the residents of Anaheim Hills are in great danger during a large scale residential fire due to the fact that
currently adequate emergency evacuation routes do not exit is the Warning Sign staring you all directly in the face and in order to mitigate the
great risk that the residents of Anaheim Hills face, you have to vote "No" on the Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan.
Sincerely,
John L. Mazzarella
Anaheim Hills, CA 92808
Date: 12/15/2025 7:32:54 AM
From: "Su Thome"
To: "Public Comment" publiccomment@anaheimnet
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Please consider
You don't often get email from Learn why this is important
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sender and are expecting the message.
To whom this rmy concern:
Our family has lived in Anaheim Hills for the past 27 years. Our desire to move here was the love of our neighborhood and the quietness of
the area.
These past few years the traffic has been outrageous. Santa Ana Canyon has taken a large lvt with the arnount of cars in the area. Everyone
gets off at either Lakeview or Imperial to try to cut their wait time down on the 91. This causes us Anaheim Hills citizens total headaches.
Trying to get anywhere after 3:30 any day of the week is horrible. We live about 3 blocks from this proposed building site. God forbid there is
a fire anywhere in this area and we need to evacuate? It will be irirpossible. We tried to get our daughter who was ni high school at the tirne irl
2017. I left and sat dead stop on SAC, for over an hour ....... made it to Mohler!! We live off Eucalyptus/SAC. Add more cars to this in
case of any kind of emergency. It would be horrible to lose a family in Anaheim Hills because they could not evacuate their home.
I would gladly welcome any number of City council to join me on a ride just to Costco at 4:00 any day you choose.
When it comes time to vote. Please consider the great residents of Anaheim Hills and what we have in this conronu ity over money. Money
isn't everything People's safety should be a priority. Remember this when it's time.
Thank you
Date: 12/15/2025 9:56:09 AM
Front "Julie Jarvi"
To: "Public Comment" puNiccomment@anaheimnet
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Anaheim I4ilLs Festival Project (DEV2023-00043)
You don't oHen get erra> fro Learn M& ttvs is i Mortant
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Hello, I am against this project. Below is my public comment that I submitted to object to the project that was slated for Deer Canyon
Last year that was rejected by this Council. I have made a few edits to update it for this project. For the same reasons, this Council
should reject this Anaheim Hills Festival Project.
I live in Anaheim Hills in the 92808 zipcode to the east of Serrano Blvd. Our neighborhood is in the part of town that is in the
mandatory evacuation area when there is a wildfire that starts to the east of Anaheim. I'm opposed to this project because I believe it
poses a severe safety threat to the existing community.
We live in a community that has a real and known wildfire threat. When we experienced our last wildfire in 2017, the roads were
clogged and impassible. The community was in chaos. The wind was high, and the fire was moving fast. During the fire, a helicopter
flew over our neighborhood telling us to evacuate immediately. At the same time, I received a call from Running Springs Elementary
where my children attended, and was told that the children were being evacuated to Canyon High School. On the drive over to Canyon
High School, I passed patches of fire that were just several feet from my car which were likely set from flying embers. Thankfully the
traffic had not yet come to a standstill, and I was able to pass. It's terrifying to think that I could have been stuck in my car with
nowhere to go as the wind was blowing fire everywhere. We have seen this happen in other communities such as La Haina and
Paradise where people have died in their cars. Please don't allow that to happen here.
It is with reckless disregard for the lives in our community that this giant development could be approved which could easily add over
1000 cars to our roads. What will happen when we are evacuated again? Our streets could not handle the amount of cars that existed
here in 2017 during the prior evacuation. People were trapped in their cars and unable to move for hours. Now in 2025, the day-to-day
traffic has only increased and now our streets cannot handle the traffic that currently exists even without an evacuation. Anytime there
is a problem with the 91 freeway, our streets become clogged and we are unable to move about our community. This problem has
increased over the years and has been unaddressed by the city. This used to only occasionally happen, but now it seems to happen
several times a week. If this project is built, the already significant problem will only become worse with the additional 1000+ cars.
The movie theatre that this project will replace has been closed for years. There have been no cars coming and going to that theatre
while it has been closed. During the time that it has been closed, the traffic has only increased significantly. The amount of cars the
theatre attracted cannot be compared to what this new development would bring. It is not a "swap." It will be an increase of 1000+
ca rs.
Should this Council approve this project by going against the will of the people, then no building should occur until proper infrastructure
is in place. Specifically, the 91 freeway needs to be fixed so that the overflow from the freeway does not clog our city streets and make
them impassable. Nothing has been done in this regard. It is a battle to drive around my neighborhood after 4pm on a regular basis. It
is dangerous how the traffic does not currently flow and cars are regularly backed up and stuck in intersections - specifically the Santa
Ana Canyon and Weir Canyon intersection. This is right near this project.
Julie Jarvi
From: Paulin Alvarez <palvarez@ocbc.org>
Sent: Monday, December 15, 202510:46AM
To: Theresa Bass <TBass@anaheim.net>; Amanda Lauffer<ALauffer@anaheim.net>
Cc: Amanda Walsh <awalsh@ocbc.org>
Subject: [EXTERNAL] OCBC Letter re: Anaheim Hills Festival_City Council Meeting December 16
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim. Do not click links or open attachments unless you
recognize the sender and are expecting the message.
Hello,
Please find CCBC's support letter re: Anaheim Hills Festival Redevelopment attached
If you have any specific questions, please let me know.
Thank you,
PAULINA ALVAREZ
Government Affairs Manager
Orange County Business Council
palvarezaocbc.org
ORANGE COUNTY
sue. E,l14iN1:55 COUNCIL
PLEASE NOTE OCBC'S NEW ADDRESS: 3210 El Camino Real, Ste 100, Irvine 92602
ocbc.org I locationoc.com
*' _3 RA►N ;E COUNT
V _ BUSINESS COUNCIL
2 Park Plaza, Suite 100, Irvine, CA 92614 1 P 949.476.2242 1 F 949.476.0443 1 www,ocbc.org
December 15, 2025
City of Anaheim
200 S Anaheim Blvd
Anaheim CA 92805
Re: Anaheim Hills Festival Redevelopment — DEV2023-00043
Dear Mayor and Councilmembers,
For more than three decades, the Orange County Business Council (OCBC) has served as the leading voice for
Orange County's business community. Our work centers on advancing economic development, expanding
housing opportunities, and supporting infrastructure investments that strengthen the region's long-term
competitiveness. On behalf of our members, we are pleased to express strong support for the Anaheim Hills
Festival redevelopment project scheduled for consideration on November 17.
Shea Properties, in partnership with Vestar, has put forward a thoughtful and forward -looking plan that reinvests
in an important community asset while preserving the character that Anaheim Hills residents value. The
proposed redesign creates a modern, vibrant destination with new retail and dining options, enhanced pedestrian
access, and inviting open spaces that promote community gathering and quality of life.
Importantly, the project also responds to the significant housing needs in District 6 by integrating much -needed
apartment homes into an area with strong access to retail, services, and amenities. This type of mixed -use
investment is essential to supporting workforce stability, ensuring long-term economic vitality, and meeting the
expectations of a changing marketplace.
Shea Properties has a long and successful history of delivering high -quality developments throughout Orange
County. Their track record, combined with Vestar's operational expertise, ensures this project will attract strong
tenants, create local jobs, and generate sustainable revenue that benefits Anaheim for decades.
OCBC strongly supports the Anaheim Hills Festival redevelopment and encourages the City Council to approve
this important investment.
Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely,
&04U Uv
Amanda Walsh
Vice President of Government Affairs
Orange County Business Council
THE LEADING VOICE OF BUSINESS IN ORANGE COUNTY
From: Phil Hotsenpiller
Sent: Saturday, December 13, 2025 1:23 PM
To: Amanda Lauffer<ALauffer@anaheim.net>
Cc: Phil Hotsenpiller
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Anaheim Hills Festival Project #2023-00043
You don't often let email from Darn ufiv this is important
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim. Do not click links or open attachments unless you
recognize the sender and are expecting the message.
Alyssa Lauffer,
My name is Phil Hotsenpiller, and I amwriting to express my wholehearted support for the proposed Anaheim Hills Festival
redevelopment plan, and to strongly urge the approval of the Final Site Plan, including the 447-unit multi -family residential
building and its associated improvements.
I have been a resident of Anaheim Hills for more than twenty years. My wife and I are homeowners here, we have raised our family
in this commuf ity, and Anaheim Hills is not just where we live --it is where we have invested our lives, our work, and our future.
In additionto being a long-termresident, I amalso a local property owner and business leader. I own two buildings in the Weir
Canyon Corporate Center, directly adjacent to the Festival Center. I experience firsthand how critical this area is to the dailyrhythrn of
Anaheim Hills, and I am well acquainted with both its potential and its current limitations.
The Festival area has served our conniifnity for many years. It includes the existing commercial shopping center, a hotel, and a senior residential
commnnnity. While it has been an important anchor, it is clear that the site is ready for thoughtful reinvestment and modernization.
This redevelopment is both timely and necessary.
Ofparticular irnportance is the 447-unit multi -family residential component. AnaheimHills needs more housing, and this project
represents a responsible and appropriate opportunity to meet that need within an established, mixed -use area. Thoughtfully planned residential
development in close proximity to retail, services, and employment centers strengthens the corunimity, supports local businesses, and allows
Anaheim Hills to evolve m a balanced and sustainable way.
For these reasons, I believe it is a high priority that the Final Site Plan be approved to allow this residential development and its
associated improvements to move forward without unnecessary delay. Doing so wilt
• Address a real and growing housing need
• Strengthen the local economy and cornrercial vitality
• Improve the overall functionality and long-term relevance of the Festival area
• Enhance the quality and character of Anaheim Hills as a place to live and work
As someone who is personally invested in Anaheim Hills—ermtionally, financially, and professional]--1 support this project because it
represents responsible growth, not overreach It is the kind of reinvestment that healthy, mature connl mnities require to remain vibrant and
competitive.
I wholeheartedly support the Anaheim Hills Festival redevelopment plan and respectHly encourage the approval of the Final Site
Plan, including the 447-unit multi -family residential building.
Thank you for your time, consideration, and conni>itment to the kiture of Anaheim Hills.
Respectfully,
Phil Hotsenpiller
Anaheim Hills Resident (20+ Years)
Homeowner
Local Business & Property Owner
Weir Canyon Corporate Center
From: Martin Alvarado
Sent: Monday, December 15, 202512:29 PM
To: Amanda Lauffer <ALauffer@anaheim.net>; Theresa Bass <TBass@anaheim.net>; Natalie Meeks <NMeeks@anaheim.net>
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Community Support for Proposed Apartments
ISome people who received this message don't often p t email fr un why this is important
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim. Do not click links or open attachments unless you
recognize the sender and are expecting the message.
Dear City Clerk, Staff, and District Representative,
My name is Ramon Alvarado, and I have been a resident of Anaheim Hills for the past 17 years, as well as a
business owner in the City of Anaheim. I am writing to express my support for the proposed apartment project.
I believe this project would be a positive addition to the community and would create more opportunities for
young families to establish roots in our district. Anything done to strengthen the overall health of the shopping
center benefits not only local residents but the entire region.
Thank you for your time and consideration.
Sincerely,
Ramon Alvarado
Anaheim Hills Resident
Anaheim Hills, California, 92807
Anaheim Business Owner
From: pat@patsoldano.com
Sent: Monday, December 15, 2025 3:22 PM
To: Theresa Bass <TBass@anaheim.net>; Amanda Lauffer<ALauffer@anaheim.net>; Natalie Meeks<NMeeks@anaheim.net>; Kristen Maahs
<KMaahs@anaheim.net>; Ryan Balius <RBalius@anaheim.net>; Carlos A. Leon <CLeon@anaheim.net>; Natalie Rubalcava
<NRubalcava@anaheim.net>; Norma C. Kurtz <NKurtz@anaheim.net>; Ashleigh Aitken <AAitken@anaheim.net>
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Support for Anaheim Hills Festival Projext
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim. Do not click links or open attachments unless you
recognize the sender and are expecting the message.
Dear Mayor, City Council, City Clerk and Project Manager,
I am writing in full support of the Anaheim Hills Festival Project that is scheduled to be heard at the City Council on 12/16.
Please note that I live in the Royal Ridge Estates in Anaheim Hills, and I am on the Board of the HOA. As a resident of
Anaheim Hills for cover 22 years, I am in full support of this proposed project. I know it will only enhance our Anaheim
Hills community and provide much needed housing.
thank you
Pat
Pat Soldano
Anaheim Hills, CA 92807
Date: 12/15/2025 7:57:01 PM
From: "Deana Ramseyer"
To: "Public Conumnt" publicconi nent@anaheimnet
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Pw. New homes in 92807 and 92808
You don't often get email from Lea m �ft is mMortant
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Yahoo Mall Search Organize, Comquer
---- Forwarded Message -----
From: "Deana Ramseyer"
To: "alauffer@anaheim.net" <alauffer@anaheim.net>
Sent: Tue, Nov 25, 2025 at 2:48 PM
Subject: New homes in 92807 and 92808
K
Bidding new bones in this area and adding over 2,000 people is crazy. Do you remember the fire in 2017? I do. It took ke over 2 hours
to get to mny house because of all the traffic. Our streets are not made to handle any additional traffic. Just because a couple of signs were
added for evacuation, doesn't make it easier to get out I'm scare you don't live over here and understand the issues all the people will bring.
We already have enough issues with traffic from the 91. Adding more people and cars is crazy.
Not sure if you're aware, but people use Serrano as a speedway. Hearing that during the night is crazy. Or on Oak Canyon Very unsafe for
those who live rear those areas where the speeding occurs. Yet, complaining does nothing since the police never can catch the people.
There have to be other options besides adding 2,000 people to the area.
I have grown up and love this cornrrunity. Adding more hires will destroy the beauty we all love.
Long tine resident,
Deana Rarseyer
Yahoo Mail Search Organize, CoWuer
Date: 12/16/2025 7:32:17 AM
From: "Elizabeth Hansburg P411" eimbeth@peopleforhousing.org
"Heather R. Allen" HAllen@anaheimnet, "Public Comtnent" publiccomment@anaheimnet, "Ashleigh Aitken"
To: AAitken@anaheimnet
Cc: "Theresa Bass" TBass@anaheimnet
Subject: [EXTERNAL] PUBLIC COMMENT — SUPPORT for 447 Apts at Anaheim Festival Center
Attachment: Anaheim Hills Festival Support Letter 447 Apts Dec 16 2025.pdf,
You don't often get email from elizabeth c eopleforhoi sing org. Lcam wiry this is important
Waring: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Dear Mayor Aitken and Members of the City Council,
Please find attached our letter of support for the Anaheim Festival Project being considered at tonight's city council meeting. This project aligns
with the City's adopted plans, promotes fairness across neighborhoods, expands access to opportunity, and reinvests in a conYranuty asset that is
ready for renewal For these reasons, I respectfully urge you to support and approve the Anaheim Dills Festival apartment project.
Best regards,
Elizabeth Hansburg
Co -Founder & Director
*OR 1/0&
��� F R H�&
le2
IX
Orange County
Fighting for a future of abundant housing in Orange County.
peopleforhousing.org
Mayor Ashleigh Aitken
Members of the Anaheim City Council
City of Anaheim
200 S. Anaheim Boulevard
Anaheim, CA 92805
December 16, 2025
Re: SUPPORT for 447 Apartments at Anaheim Festival Center
Dear Mayor Aitken and Honorable Members of the City Council,
I am writing to express strong support for the proposed Anaheim Hills Festival apartment
project currently before you for consideration. This project represents an important
opportunity for the City of Anaheim to follow through on its adopted housing commitments,
advance equity across neighborhoods, and strengthen the long-term vitality of Anaheim
Hills.
First, this site is explicitly identified in the City's Housing Element as a location where
new housing can and should occur, a plan that was reviewed and approved by the California
Department of Housing and Community Development. The Housing Element is the City's
commitment —to residents and to the State —about where Anaheim will make room for new
homes. Approving this project is a clear and necessary step in honoring that
commitment and ensuring that the City's adopted plans translate into real housing
outcomes .
Second, this project advances long -overdue district equity. Anaheim Hills, District 6, has
not seen meaningful new housing development in more than twenty years. During that same
period, other parts of Anaheim have accommodated a substantial share of new residential
growth. A balanced and fair approach to housing requires that all neighborhoods
participate in welcoming new neighbors and contributing to the City's housing needs.
This project helps correct a long-standing geographic imbalance and affirms that no single
part of the city should shoulder the responsibility alone .
Third, the project meaningfully advances resource equity. Anaheim Hills is widely
recognized as a high -opportunity community, with strong schools, access to amenities, and
quality public infrastructure. Today, however, the housing stock in this area is almost entirely
limited to single-family homes —the most expensive form of housing. Introducing rental
homes diversifies the housing options available and allows more households, across
a wider range of incomes, to access the educational, recreational, and community
resources that Anaheim Hills offers. This is exactly the type of inclusive growth that
housing policy is intended to support .
Finally, this development is not only good for the City —it is good for Anaheim Hills itself. The
area is experiencing declining school enrollment as families with children are increasingly
priced out, and the Festival Shopping Center has struggled with vacancies and turnover as
retail patterns change. This project brings new residents, new customers, and new
energy, while funding a major reinvestment in the center, including a one -acre public
park, improved pedestrian connections, gathering spaces, and modernized retail and
restaurant areas. These improvements will enhance community life, strengthen local
businesses, and help ensure Anaheim Hills remains vibrant for generations to come.
For all of these reasons, I respectfully urge you to support and approve the Anaheim Hills
Festival apartment project. It aligns with the City's adopted plans, promotes fairness
across neighborhoods, expands access to opportunity, and reinvests in a community asset
that is ready for renewal.
Thank you for your leadership and consideration.
Sincerely,
Elizabeth Hansburg
Cofounder & Director
EOR ���yo
� 2
a
Orange county
Fighting for a future of abundant housing in Orange County.
peopleforhousing.org
2
From: Michelle Bohen
Sent: Monday, December 15, 202510:23 PM
To: Amanda Lauffer<ALauffer@anaheim.net>
Subject: [EXTERNAL] East Anaheim Hills Development
You don't often get crrk2il from i }•ityjhk isymortant
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim. Do not click links or open attachments unless you
recognize the sender and are expecting the message.
Dear Amanda Lauffer,
I'm writing to you concerning the projected development in East Anaheim Hills. I've lived in East Anaheim Hills since 1985 and haven't been concerned
about developments up until recently. Through the years we have experienced several brush fires and dealt with the aftermath. The Canyon Fire 2 in 2017
was by far the scariest experience I've had. We were living at the Sycamore Canyon Apartments and had been evacuated. I left work when I found out
and tried to get my daughter from Canyon High School, so she could help me get our cats and necessary belongings from our home. We also needed to
help my elderly mother evacuate. It took me about a half hour to go from Nohl Ranch Road and Imperial Highway to Nohl Ranch Road and Canyon Rim.
It shouldn't have taken that long. While sitting at the light to turn left from Imperial on to Nohl Ranch, I had various emergency vehicles coming down on
my side of the road while I was trying to go up. There was nowhere else for them to go. Once we made it on to Canyon Rim Road, I turned left on the
Highlands and right on Sunset Ridge. I had to stop at Moonridge and Sunset Ridge because of traffic. It was completely stopped. I thought taking the
back way would be better, but I was sadly mistaken. It took me about a half an hour to 45 minutes to go from that point to Blackwillow Circle. I believe
the distance is about a 1/2 mile. I have never experienced traffic like this during a brush fire. It was a helpless feeling. I can't imagine how much worse it
will be with more residents in an area that will more than likely have to evacuate during a brush fire. My fear is that people will perish trying to evacuate
while sitting in traffic. I know I'm not the only one who experienced this chaos. A friend of mine couldn't get to Crescent Elementary School to get her
son because the west side of Santa Ana Canyon Road was backed up. Then she told me that when she tried to go back to her neighborhood by the
Festival Shopping Center, she had cars coming head-on while she was driving east on Santa Canyon Road. Imagine what it is like to have cars traveling
west on the east side of the road. It was something I hope we never have to experience again, and I can't imagine what it would be like with additional
residents fleeing. How will I help my elderly mother evacuate? She does not drive and I am sure she isn't the only one in the hills.
Please do not build additional residences on Santa Ana Canyon Road and in East Anaheim Hills.
Thank You,
Michelle Michael-Bohen
Anaheim, CA 92808
From: Vanpatten
Sent: Monday, December 15, 2025 5:21 PM
To: Amanda Lauffer <ALauffer@anaheim.net>
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Fw: City Council Hearing on December16, 2025_Devel opment Appl ication Number2023_00043
IYou don't often get en -ail from Lev by this is important
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim. Do not click links or open attachments unless you
recognize the sender and are expecting the message.
----- Forwarded Message -----
hYom: Vanpattenk710
To: aai ken a�naheimnet <aaLtWn&anahcitc►net>; nmeeks aanaheimnet 4nmeeks�anaheimnet>; tbalius&gnaheimnct <rbahw(ca anaheimnnet>;
c1e nC+ aria eixranet <cll n(a?anahcimnet>; n�ru�akav_a c naheimnet <:2rubaleava,c�,�anahei�net>; nkuttz�a)a_n heunne_t <nkurt anaheisnnet>;
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<s) vaunarien(W6aoLeom>
Sent: Monday, December 15, 2025 at 05:18:45 PM PST
Subject: City Council Hearing on December 16, 2025 Development Application Number 2023_00043
Dear Honorable Council nembers, Mayor, Mayor Pro Tem and Designated StaffMembers:
I live and work m the City of Anaheim Anaheim has been my hnorre for over twenty-four years and I have seen a lot of changes during my living
and working tenure here. I spoke against the Sak development proposal at the critical planning connittee meeting and, I would have liked to have
had the opportunity to speak at the upcoming 12/16/25 city council meeting. Unfortunately, given the limited arount of notice, the busy tempo of
our life at present, a preexisting professional commitment and the time of year, I will be unable to attend. As such, I will be writing my
concerns/issues within this email.
My first concern is the influx of approximately 447 unit "mild family residential community." Seriously, haven't we already been here? It was
already detenniued that adding a high-rise living structure with the potential of exponentially increasing the existing volur e of traffic and people m
this specific area has the potential to fiutber exacerbate an already dire set of circurnstances. More people, potentially hundreds, means hundreds
more who will panic in an evacuation situation. The citizens that already live in this area only have ONE thoroughfare to utilize in order to evacuate
a fire or disaster. Please consider just how dire the situation is at present: we currently CANNOT evacuate in a timely or safe tnnanner! Adding
hundreds of tore people will make an ex isitng bad situation worse. You havc already been informed by your Chief of Police and your own Fire
Department Chiefthat they WOULD NOT reconywrrd or support adding hundreds of additional living domiciles m this area. You are literally
playing with fire AGAIN.
Secondly, the existing land use designation is such to provide services to the current population living east of the 55 freeway. Since the 'hian datory
lock -downs" of the COVIID- 19 era, we have yet to see a resurgence in services and/or businesses available to the citizenry here in Anaheim In
fact, we have considerably less services/businesses available now than we did over five years ago. It is plainly obvious by the graphics on the city
website that you seem to be singularly focused on
select entertainnent businesses (e.g., Disneyland, Honda Center, etc.). However, you
HAVE NOT created a pro -business environment in
which to hire lucrative, job producing and service
provision focused businesses to our city and district. Nor do we get the impression that you are pro -resident services. We have lost two significant
entertainnent/theater businesses within the last five years in District 6 and nothing has been proposed to fill those service/business voids. Yet, you
continually seek to be courted by carpet bagging businesses who are not vested in or pay taxes to Anaheim -why is that? We are starting to
believe that large, corrupt money is the only fling that gets our city councimembers' attention. You consistently defer to big pocket corporations
and I'm starting to question your motives. Seriously, you literally had two planning commission members admit on the dais during a public hearing
that they participated in back hallway discussions that favored the proposing corporation -- this could be misconstrued as a violation of the Brown
Act.
My third concen n is Ural a 141 density apartnenl building bes ate polertlial to further ther strain exist* and quite lin iled public services. For exariple,
this most recent past Fourth of July you centralized the phone reporting system regarding illegal fireworks usage. However, when we called to
report illegal
firework usage, the person answering the call didn't even know our street or where we lived in the city! This proposal will lead to finther service
limitations. We are losing our faith and trust in the City Council to make decisions in our best interest.
Lastly, our concern with a four-story coarrmnercial structure would lessen property values in our area Please help us!!! We have worked and
continue to work hard to afford to live m Anaheim Please HELP US by voting AGAINST this proposal We are hard working citizens who love
the existing feel of our neighborhood and conmuity. Please DO NOT alter our comramity for the worse!
Please consider the thousands of people who already live and work in your city; and, consider their severe dislke of this current proposal Why do
these
organizations consistently want to come into Anaheim and ignore existing zoning and land use designations? Why do they feel you are arricnable to
changing the zoning and use designations? Won't
you please fight for your existing residents, taxpayers and citizenry? Please vote 'No;" and, support your existing citizenry! Thank you in advance
for your thus and attention to my concerns.
Respectfully,
Karen Van Patten
Anaheinj CA 92808
Date: 12/16/202512:31:10 PM
From: "Christine Maralit" christinern*nitchtsailawcom
"Public Comrent" publiccomment@anaheimnet, "City Clerk" cityclerk@anaheimnet, "Amanda Lauffer"
To: ALauffer@anaheimnet
Cc: "Mitchell M. Tsai Attorney at Law, P.C." info@nitchtsailawcom, "Jeremy Herwitt" jeremyh@nitchtsailawcom
Subject: [EXTERNAL] WSRCC-12/16/25 City Council Meeting - Comment Letter for Agenda Item No. 20 - Anaheim Hills
Festival Specific Plan Amendment Project
Attachment: 20251216 WSRCC Anaheim AnaheinUdisFestivalCtr CCMeeting_CLpdf,
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Hello,
Please see the attached Corrynent Letter our office is subnritting on the behalf of the Western States Regional Council of Carpenters.
We would appreciate receipt of conflrrmtion that you have received this errail and its attachment.
Thank you,
Christine
Christine Maralit, Assistant Office Manager
Mitchell M. Tsai Law Firm - Environmental and Land Use Litigation
139 South Hudson Avenue Suite 200
Pasadena, CA911ol
Phone: (626) 314-3821
Fax: (626) 389-5414
Email: christinem(@rnitchtsailaw.com
Website: hops:/iwww.mitchtsailaw.com
CONFIDENTIALITY NOTICE: This e-mail transmission, andany documents, files or previous e-mail messages accompanying it, may contain confidential information that is
legally privileged If you are rict the intended recipient, or a person responsible for delivering it tothe intended recipient, you are hereby noLifiedthat any disc] asure,copying,
distribution or use of any of the information contained in or attachedtothis message is SMICILY PROHIBITEDand may violate applicable laws including the Electronic
Communications Privacy Act. If you have received this transmission in error, please immediately notify us by reply e-mail at christinem,aamitchtsailaw.corn or by telephone at
(626) 314-3821 and destroy the original transmission andits attachments without reading them or saving them to disk.
P: (626) 314-3821
E: info@mitchtsailaw.com
VIA E-MAIL
December 16, 2025
City Council
City of Anaheim
Council Chamber, City Hall
200 South Anaheim Boulevard
Anaheim, California 92805
0
Mitchell M. Tsai
Law Firm
Ph: (714) 765-5139
Em: publiccomment&anaheim.net
Em: cityclerk@anaheim.net
139 S. Hudson Ave., Suite 200
Pasadena, California 91101
Amanda Lauffer, Senior Planner
Planning and Building Department
City of Anaheim
200 S. Anaheim Boulevard, Suite 162
Anaheim, CA 92805
Ph: (714) 765-4479
Em: ALauffer c&anaheim.net
RE: City of Anaheim's December 16, 2025, City Council Meeting —
Agenda Item No. 20 — Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan
Amendment Project — Final Environmental Impact Report (SCH#
2024010859)
Dear Mayor Aitken, Honorable Councilmembers, and Amanda Lauffer,
On behalf of the Western States Regional Council of Carpenters ("Western
Carpenters" or "WSRCC"), our firm is submitting these comments in connection
with the City of Anaheim's ("City") December 16, 2025, City Council hearing for the
Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan Amendment ("Project") (Agenda Item No. 20),
and the Final Environmental Impact Report ("FEIR") associated therewith.
The Notice of Availability of the Project's Draft EIR ("DEIR") describes the Project
as follows:
The proposed project would establish a new Development Area (DA 5)
within the existing boundaries of the Anaheim Hills Festival Specific Plan
to accommodate residential uses in combination with the site's existing
commercial development. DA 5 would be created by reallocating land
from the existing DA 2, reducing its size from approximately 48 acres to
31.8 acres. The resulting 16.2-acre area would form the new DA 5. All
proposed development would be confined to DA 5, which encompasses
Assessor's Parcel Numbers (APNs) 354-451-19 and 354-451-32. The
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 2 of 33
overall exterior boundary of the Specific Plan would remain unchanged.
The proposed project includes the demolition of an approximately 62,676-
square-foot cinema within DA 5 and the development of a new 447-unit
multiple -family rental residential community. The proposed multiple -
family community would consist of a four-story residential building,
wrapped around a five -level parking structure with one subterranean level.
All residential units are single -story and include one -bedroom, two -
bedroom, and three -bedroom options with private patios or balconies.
Project amenities include a clubhouse, two swimming pools, courtyards, a
fitness center, leasing office, and mail area. In addition to the project
amenities, the applicant is proposing an enclosed outdoor public dog park
along Festival Drive and public bluff park along the edge of the newly
proposed DA 5 and the lower tier of the shopping center, DA 2, which
would be open to residents of the community and the general public.
NOA, p. 1.
The Western States Regional Council of Carpenters is a labor union representing
almost 90,000 union carpenters in 12 states, including California, and has a strong
interest in well -ordered land use planning and in addressing the environmental
impacts of development projects.
Individual members of the Western Carpenters live, work, and recreate in the City and
surrounding communities and would be directly affected by the Project's
environmental impacts.
The Western Carpenters expressly reserves the right to supplement these comments
at or prior to hearings on the Project, and at any later hearing and proceeding related
to this Project. Gov. Code, § 65009, subd. (b); Pub. Res. Code, § 21177, subd. (a); see
Bakersfield Citi.Zens for Local Control v. Bakersfield (2004) 124 Cal.App.4th 1184, 1199-
1203; see also Galante Vineyards v. Monterey Vater Dist. (1997) 60 Cal.App.4th 1109,
1121.
The Western Carpenters incorporates by reference all comments raising issues
regarding the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) submitted prior to certification of
the EIR for the Project. See Citizens for Clean Energy v City of Voodland (2014) 225
Cal.App.4th 173, 191 (finding that any party who has objected to the project's
environmental documentation may assert any issue timely raised by other parties).
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 3 of 33
Moreover, the Western Carpenters requests that the City provide notice for any and
all notices referring or related to the Project issued under the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (Pub. Res. Code, 5 21000 et seq.), and the
California Planning and Zoning Law ("Planning and Zoning Law") (Gov. Code,
65000-65010). California Public Resources Code Sections 21092.2, and 21167(f and
California Government Code Section 65092 require agencies to mail such notices to
any person who has filed a written request for them with the clerk of the agency's
governing body.
I. THE CITY SHOULD REQUIRE THE USE OF A LOCAL
WORKFORCE TO BENEFIT THE COMMUNITY'S ECONOMIC
DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT
The City should require the Project to be built using a local workers who have
graduated from a Joint Labor -Management Apprenticeship Program approved by the
State of California, have at least as many hours of on-the-job experience in the
applicable craft which would be required to graduate from such a state -approved
apprenticeship training program, or who are registered apprentices in a state -approved
apprenticeship training program.
Community benefits such as local hire can also be helpful to reduce environmental
impacts and improve the positive economic impact of the Project. Local hire
provisions requiring that a certain percentage of workers reside within 10 miles or less
of the Project site can reduce the length of vendor trips, reduce greenhouse gas
emissions, and provide localized economic benefits. As environmental consultants
Matt Hagemann and Paul E. Rosenfeld note:
[A]ny local hire requirement that results in a decreased worker trip length
from the default value has the potential to result in a reduction of
construction -related GHG emissions, though the significance of the
reduction would vary based on the location and urbanization level of the
project site.
March 8, 2021 SWAPE Letter to Mitchell M. Tsai re Local Hire Requirements and
Considerations for Greenhouse Gas Modeling.
Workforce requirements promote the development of skilled trades that yield
sustainable economic development. As the California Workforce Development Board
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 4 of 33
and the University of California, Berkeley Center for Labor Research and Education
concluded:
[L]abor should be considered an investment rather than a cost —and
investments in growing, diversifying, and upskilling California's workforce
can positively affect returns on climate mitigation efforts. In other words,
well -trained workers are key to delivering emissions reductions and
moving California closer to its climate targets.
Furthermore, workforce policies have significant environmental benefits given that
they improve an area's jobs -housing balance, decreasing the amount and length of job
commutes and the associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In fact, on May 7,
2021, the South Coast Air Quality Management District found that that the "[u]se of a
local state -certified apprenticeship program" can result in air pollutant reductions.2
Locating jobs closer to residential areas can have significant environmental benefits.
As the California Planning Roundtable noted in 2008:
People who live and work in the same jurisdiction would be more likely
to take transit, walk, or bicycle to work than residents of less balanced
communities and their vehicle trips would be shorter. Benefits would
include potential reductions in both vehicle miles traveled and vehicle
hours traveled.'
Moreover, local hire mandates and skill -training are critical facets of a strategy to
reduce vehicle miles traveled (VMT). As planning experts Robert Cervero and
Michael Duncan have noted, simply placing jobs near housing stock is insufficient to
achieve VMT reductions given that the skill requirements of available local jobs must
1 California Workforce Development Board (2020) Putting California on the High Road: A
Jobs and Climate Action Plan for 2030 at p. ii, available athttps://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/
ivp-content/uploads /2020 /09 /Putting-California-on-the-High-Road.pdf.
2 South Coast Air Quality Management District (May 7, 2021) Certify Final Environmental
Assessment and Adopt Proposed Rule 2305 — Warehouse Indirect Source Rule —
Warehouse Actions and Investments to Reduce Emissions Program, and Proposed Rule
316 — Fees for Rule 2305, Submit Rule 2305 for Inclusion Into the SIP, and Approve
Supporting Budget Actions, available at httl2://www.agmd.gov/docs/default-
source/Agendas/Governing-Board/2021/ 2021-May7-027.12df?sfvrsn=10.
3 California Planning Roundtable (2008) Deconstructing Jobs -Housing Balance at p. 6,
available athttps: / /cproundtable.org/static/media/uploads /publications/cpr-j obs-
housing_pdf
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 5 of 33
match those held by local residents.' Some municipalities have even tied local hire and
other workforce policies to local development permits to address transportation
issues. Cervero and Duncan note that:
In nearly built -out Berkeley, CA, the approach to balancing jobs and
housing is to create local jobs rather than to develop new housing. The
city's First Source program encourages businesses to hire local residents,
especially for entry- and intermediate -level jobs, and sponsors vocational
training to ensure residents are employment -ready. While the program is
voluntary, some 300 businesses have used it to date, placing more than
3,000 city residents in local jobs since it was launched in 1986. When
needed, these carrots are matched by sticks, since the city is not shy about
negotiating corporate participation in First Source as a condition of
approval for development permits.
Recently, the State of California verified its commitment towards workforce
development through the Affordable Housing and High Road Jobs Act of 2022,
otherwise known as Assembly Bill No. 2011 ("A132011"). AB2011 amended the
Planning and Zoning Law to allow ministerial, by -right approval for projects being
built alongside commercial corridors that meet affordability and labor requirements.
The City should consider utilizing local workforce policies and requirements to
benefit the local area economically and to mitigate greenhouse gas, improve air
quality, and reduce transportation impacts.
II. THE CITY SHOULD IMPOSE TRAINING REQUIREMENTS FOR
THE PROJECT'S CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES TO PREVENT
COMMUNITY SPREAD OF COVID-19 AND OTHER INFECTIOUS
DISEASES
Construction work has been defined as a Lower to High -risk activity for COVID-19
spread by the Occupations Safety and Health Administration. Recently, several
a Cervero, Robert and Duncan, Michael (2006) Which Reduces Vehicle Travel More: Jobs -
Housing Balance or Retail -Housing Mixing? Journal of the American Planning Association
72 (4), 475-490, 482, available athttp://reconnectingamefica.org/assets/Uploads/UTCT-
825.12df.
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 6 of 33
construction sites have been identified as sources of community spread of CC►VID-
19.5
Western Carpenters recommend that the Lead Agency adopt additional requirements
to mitigate public health risks from the Project's construction activities. Western
Carpenters requests that the Lead Agency require safe on -site construction work
practices as well as training and certification for any construction workers on the
Project Site.
In particular, based upon Western Carpenters' experience with safe construction site
work practices, Western Carpenters recommends that the Lead Agency require that
while construction activities are being conducted at the Project Site:
Construction Site Design:
• The Project Site will be limited to two controlled entry
points.
• Entry points will have temperature screening technicians
taking temperature readings when the entry point is open.
• The Temperature Screening Site Plan shows details
regarding access to the Project Site and Project Site logistics
for conducting temperature screening.
• A 48-hour advance notice will be provided to all trades prior
to the first day of temperature screening.
• The perimeter fence directly adjacent to the entry points will
be clearly marked indicating the appropriate 6-foot social
distancing position for when you approach the screening
area. Please reference the Apex temperature screening site
map for additional details.
• There will be clear signage posted at the project site directing
you through temperature screening.
'Santa Clara County Public Health (june 12, 2020) COVID-19 CASES AT
CONSTRUCTION SITES HIGHLIGHT NEED FOR CONTINUED VIGILANCE IN
SECTORS THAT HAVE REOPENED, available athttps://\wv.sccpov.org/sites/
covidl 9 /Pages /press-release-06-12-2020-cases-at-construction-sites.asFx.
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 7 of 33
• Provide hand washing stations throughout the construction
site.
Testing Procedures:
• The temperature screening being used are non -contact
devices.
• Temperature readings will not be recorded.
• Personnel will be screened upon entering the testing center
and should only take 1-2 seconds per individual.
• Hard hats, head coverings, sweat, dirt, sunscreen or any
other cosmetics must be removed on the forehead before
temperature screening.
• Anyone who refuses to submit to a temperature screening or
does not answer the health screening questions will be
refused access to the Project Site.
• Screening will be performed at both entrances from 5:30 am
to 7:30 am.; main gate [ZONE 1] and personnel gate
[ZONE 2]
• After 7:30 am only the main gate entrance [ZONE 1] will
continue to be used for temperature testing for anybody
gaining entry to the project site such as returning personnel,
deliveries, and visitors.
• If the digital thermometer displays a temperature reading
above 100.0 degrees Fahrenheit, a second reading will be
taken to verify an accurate reading.
• If the second reading confirms an elevated temperature,
DHS will instruct the individual that he/she will not be
allowed to enter the Project Site. DHS will also instruct the
individual to promptly notify his/her supervisor and his/her
human resources (HR) representative and provide them with
a copy of Annex A.
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 8 of 33
Planning
• Require the development of an Infectious Disease
Preparedness and Response Plan that will include basic
infection prevention measures (requiring the use of personal
protection equipment), policies and procedures for prompt
identification and isolation of sick individuals, social
distancing (prohibiting gatherings of no more than 10
people including all -hands meetings and all -hands lunches)
communication and training and workplace controls that
meet standards that may be promulgated by the Center for
Disease Control, Occupational Safety and Health
Administration, Cal/OSHA, California Department of
Public Health or applicable local public health agencies.
The United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Carpenters International Training Fund
has developed COVID-19 Training and Certification to ensure that Carpenter union
members and apprentices conduct safe work practices. The Agency should require that
all construction workers undergo COVID-19 Training and Certification before being
allowed to conduct construction activities at the Project Site.
Western Carpenters has also developed a rigorous Infection Control Risk Assessment
("ICRA") training program to ensure it delivers a workforce that understands how to
identify and control infection risks by implementing protocols to protect themselves
and all others during renovation and construction projects in healthcare
environments.'
ICRA protocols are intended to contain pathogens, control airflow, and protect
patients during the construction, maintenance and renovation of healthcare facilities.
ICRA protocols prevent cross contamination, minimizing the risk of secondary
infections in patients at hospital facilities.
e See also The Center for Construction Research and Training, North America's Building
Trades Unions (April 27 2020) NABTU and CPWR COVIC-19 Standards for U.S
Constructions Sites, available athttps://www.fpwr.com/sites/default/files/NABTU
CPWR Standards COVID-19.pdf; Los Angeles County Department of Public Works
(2020) Guidelines for Construction Sites During COVID-19 Pandemic, available at
htU2s://dl2w.lacouniy.gov/building-and-safety/docs/pw guidelines-construction-sites.pdf.
For details concerning Western Carpenters' ICRA training program, see
hops: / /www.swmsctf.org/ courses /icra-best-practices-in-health-care-construction/
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 9 of 33
The City should require the Project to be built using a workforce trained in ICRA
protocols.
III. THE CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT
CEQA is a California statute designed to inform decision -makers and the public
about the potential significant environmental effects of a project. 14 California Code
of Regulations ("CEQA Guidelines"), § 15002, subd. (a)(1).8 At its core, its purpose
is to "inform the public and its responsible officials of the environmental
consequences of their decisions before they are made. Thus, the EIR `protects not only
the environment but also informed self-government[.] "' Citizens of Goleta Valley P.
Board of Supervisors (1990) 52 Cal.3d 553, 564 (internal citation omitted).
To achieve this purpose, CEQA mandates preparation of an Environmental Impact
Report ("EIR") for projects so that the foreseeable impacts of pursuing the project
can be understood and weighed. Communities for a Better Environment P. Ricbmond (2010)
184 Cal. App. 4th 70, 80. The EIR requirement "is the heart of CEQA." CEQA
Guidelines, § 15003(a).
CEQA directs public agencies to avoid or reduce environmental damage, when
possible, by requiring alternatives or mitigation measures. CEQA Guidelines, 5 15002,
subds. (a)(2)-(3); see also Berkeley Keep Jets Over the Bay Committee P. Board of Port
Commissioners of the City of Oakland (2001) 91 Cal.App.4th 1344, 1354; Laurel Heights
Improvement Assn. v. Regents of University of California (1988) 47 Ca1.3d 376, 400. The
Environmental Impact Report (EIR) serves to provide public agencies and the public
in general with information about the effect that a proposed project is likely to have
on the environment and to "identify ways that environmental damage can be avoided
or significantly reduced." CEQA Guidelines, § 15002, subd. (a)(2).
A public agency must prepare an EIR whenever substantial evidence supports a "fair
argument" that a proposed project "may have a significant effect on the
environment." Pub. Res. Code, �§ 21100, 21151; CEQA Guidelines, §5 15002, subds.
(� (1)-(2), 15063; No Oil, supra, 13 Cal.App.3d at p. 75; Communities for a Better
Environment v. California Resources Agency (2002) 103 Cal.App.4th 98, 111-112. If the
s The CEQA Guidelines, codified in Title 14 of the California Code of Regulations, section 15000 et
seq., are regulatory guidelines promulgated by the state Natural Resources Agency for the
implementation of CEQA. Pub. Res. Code, § 21083. The CEQA Guidelines are given "great weight
in interpreting CEQA except when ... clearly unauthorized or erroneous." Center for Biological
Diversity P. Dept. of Fisb ems' frlildlife (2015) 62 Cal.4th 204, 217.
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 10 of 33
project has a significant effect on the environment, the agency may approve the
project only upon finding that it has "eliminated or substantially lessened all
significant effects on the environment where feasible" and that any unavoidable
significant effects on the environment are "acceptable due to overriding concerns"
specified in Public Resources Code section 21081. See CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15092,
subds. (b) (2) (A)-(B).
Essentially, should a lead agency be presented with a fair argument that a project may
have a significant effect on the environment, the lead agency shall prepare an EIR
even though it may also be presented with other substantial evidence that the project
will not have a significant effect. CEQA Guidelines, §§ 15064(f)(1)-(2); see No Oil,
supra, 13 Cal.App.3d at p. 75 (internal citations and quotations omitted). Substantial
evidence includes "enough relevant information and reasonable inferences from this
information that a fair argument can be made to support a conclusion, even though
other conclusions might also be reached." CEQA Guidelines, § 15384, subd. (a).
The EIR has been described as "an environmental `alarm bell' whose purpose it is to
alert the public and its responsible officials to environmental changes before they
have reached ecological points of no return." Berkeley Keep Jets Over the Bay v. Bd. of Port
Comm'rs. (2001) 91 Cal. App. 4th 1344, 1354 ("Berkeley Jets'; County of Inyo v. Yorty
(1973) 32 Cal. App. 3d 795, 810.
The preparation and circulation of an EIR is more than a set of technical hurdles for
agencies and developers to overcome. Communities for a Better Environment P. Richmond
(2010) 184 Cal.App.4th 70, 80 (quoting Vineyard Area Citizens for Responsible Growth, Inc.
v. City of Rancho Cordova (2007) 40 CalAth 412, 449-450). The EIR's function is to
ensure that government officials who decide to build or approve a project do so with
a full understanding of the environmental consequences and, equally important, that
the public is assured those consequences have been considered. Id. For the EIR to
serve these goals it must present information so that the foreseeable impacts of
pursuing the project can be understood and weighed, and the public must be given an
adequate opportunity to comment on that presentation before the decision to go
forward is made. Id.
A strong presumption in favor of requiring preparation of an EIR is built into CEQA.
This presumption is reflected in what is known as the "fair argument" standard under
which an EIR must be prepared whenever substantial evidence in the record supports
a fair argument that a project may have a significant effect on the environment. Quail
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 11 of 33
Botanical Gardens Found., Inc. v. City of Encinitas (1994) 29 Cal.AppAth 1597, 1602;
Friends of `B"St. v. City of Hayward (1980) 106 Ca1.3d 988, 1002.
Further, it is the duty of the lead agency, not the public, to conduct the proper
environmental studies. "The agency should not be allowed to hide behind its own
failure to gather relevant data." Sundstrom, supra, 202 Cal.App.3d at p. 311.
"Deficiencies in the record may actually enlarge the scope of fair argument by lending
a logical plausibility to a wider range of inferences." Ibid; see also Gentry v. City of
Murrieta (1995) 36 Cal.AppAth 1359, 1382 (lack of study enlarges the scope of the fair
argument which may be made based on the limited facts in the record).
Thus, refusal to complete recommended studies lowers the already low threshold to
establish a fair argument. The court may not exercise its independent judgment on the
omitted material by determining whether the ultimate decision of the lead agency
would have been affected had the law been followed. Environmental Protection
Information Center v. Cal. Dept. of Forestry (2008) 44 Cal.4th 459, 486 (internal citations
and quotations omitted). The remedy for this deficiency would be for the trial court to
issue a writ of mandate. Ibid.
While the courts review an EIR using an `abuse of discretion' standard, the reviewing
court is not to uncrificalyrely on every study or analysis presented by a project
proponent in support of its position. Berkeley Keep Jets, supra, 91 Cal.AppAth at p. 1355
(quoting Laurel Heights, supra, 47 Cal.3d at pp. 391, 409 fn. 12) (internal quotations
omitted). A clearly inadequate or unsupported study is entitled to no judicial
deference. Ibid. Drawing this line and determining whether the EIR complies with
CEQA's information disclosure requirements presents a question of law subject to
independent review by the courts. Sierra Club v. County of Fresno (2018) 6 Cal.5th 502,
515; Madera Oversight Coalition, Inc. v. County of Madera (2011) 199 Cal.AppAth 48, 102,
131. As the First District Court of Appeal has previously stated, prejudicial abuse of
discretion occurs if the failure to include relevant information precludes informed
decision -making and informed public participation, thereby thwarting the statutory
goals of the EIR process. Berkeley Keep Jets, supra, 91 Cal.AppAth at p. 1355 (internal
quotations omitted).
Both the review for failure to follow CEQA's procedures and the fair argument test
are questions of law, thus, the de novo standard of review applies. Vineyard Area
Citizens for Responsible Growth v. City of Rancho Cordova (2007) 40 Cal.4th 412, 435.
Whether the agency's record contains substantial evidence that would support a fair
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 12 of 33
argument that the project may have a significant effect on the environment is treated
as a question of law. Consolidated Irrigation Dist., supra, 204 Ca1.App.4th at p. 207; Kostka
and Zischke, Practice Under the Environmental Quality Act (2017, 2d ed.) at 5 6.76.
Section 15088.5(a) of the CEQA Guidelines provides that an EIR must be
recirculated whenever there is disclosure of significant new information. Significant
new information includes: (1) disclosure of a new significant environmental impact
resulting from the project or from a new proposed mitigation measure; (2) disclosure
of a substantial increase in the severity of an environmental impact unless mitigation
measures are adopted that reduce the impact to a level of insignificance; and (3)
disclosure of a feasible project alternative or mitigation measure considerably
different from others previously analyzed which would clearly lessen the significant
environmental impacts of the project which the project proponents decline to adopt.
Id.
Additionally, an EIR must be recirculated when it is so fundamentally inadequate and
conclusory in nature that meaningful public review and comment is precluded. Id.
[citing Mountain Lion Coalition v. Fish & Game Coln. (1989) 214 Cal.App.3d 1043].
Here, as discussed below, the FEIR for the Project fails to substantiate all of its
conclusions to allow meaningful public review and comment, provide adequate
mitigation measures, and fully assess all pertinent environmental factors. Accordingly,
this comment letter discloses significant new information, necessitating revision and
recirculation of the Project's EIR.
IV. THE PROJECT'S EIR IS INADEQUATE UNDER CEQA AND
SHOULD BE REVISED AND RECIRCULATED
A. The FEIR Fails to Support Its Findings with Substantial Evidence
CEQA requires that an EIR identify and discuss the significant effects of a Project,
how those significant effects can be mitigated or avoided. CEQA Guidelines
15126.2; PRC §§ 21100(b)(1), 21002.1(a). If a project has a significant effect on the
environment, an agency may approve the project only upon finding that it has
"eliminated or substantially lessened all significant effects on the environment where
feasible" and that any unavoidable significant effects on the environment are
"acceptable due to overriding concerns." CEQA Guidelines § 15092(b)(2) (A—B). Such
findings must be supported by substantial evidence. CEQA Guidelines § 15091(b).
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 13 of 33
When new information is brought to light showing that an impact previously discussed
in the EIR but found to be insignificant with or without mitigation in the EIR's
analysis has the potential for a significant environmental impact supported by
substantial evidence, the EIR must consider and resolve the conflict in the evidence.
See Visalia Retail, L.P. v. City of Visalia (2018) 20 Cal.App.Sth 1, 13, 17; see also Protect
the HistoricAmador Wlatenvays v. Amador WlaterAgency (2004) 116 Cal. App. 4th 1099,
1109. While a lead agency has discretion to formulate standards for determining
significance and the need for mitigation measures —the choice of any standards or
thresholds of significance must be "based to the extent possible on scientific and
factual data and an exercise of reasoned judgment based on substantial evidence.
CEQA Guidelines § 15064(b); Cleveland Nat'l Forest Found. P. San Diego Assn of Gov'ts
(2017) 3 Cal. App. 5th 497, 515; Mission Bay Alliance v. Office of Community Inv. &
Infrastructure (2016) 6 Cal. App. 5th 160, 206. And when there is evidence that an
impact could be significant, an EIR cannot adopt a contrary finding without providing
an adequate explanation along with supporting evidence. East Sacramento Partnershp for
a Livable City v. City of Sacramento (2016) 5 Cal. App. 5th 281, 302.
Here, for the reasons discussed in detail below, the EIR fails to comply with the
foregoing requirements.
1. The EIR Fails to ConductAdequate Study, Analysis, and
Mitigation ofthe Project's Potentialfj,SignfcantNoise
Impacts
The EIR for the Project concludes that the Project will result in less than significant
noise and vibration impacts to surrounding sensitive receptors based, in part, on its
conclusion that receiver locations R3 and R4 would be the "nearest receiver
locations" for purposes of its analysis of the Project's construction noise impacts.
(DEIR, pp. 4.13-11 — 4.13-13, Tables 4.13-6 and 4.13-7.) However, in reaching this
conclusion, the DEIR, by its own studies, determined that the sensitive receptors in
R3 and R4 would be exposed to construction noise levels in excess of the City's
standard 65 dBA CNEL threshold of significance. See DEIR, p. 4.13-13, Tables 4.13-
6 and 4.13-7. Moreover, the DEIR's receiver locations R3 and R4 are positioned at
nearly the furthest edges of the Overlook at Anaheim Hills Apartments development
— senior apartment homes ("the Overlook") — located directly across S. Festival
Drive from the proposed Project, which accounts for the nearest sensitive receptors
to the Project site.
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 14 of 33
Notably, the DEIR finds that the most significant anticipated construction noise
impacts presented by the Project will be attributable to noise from demolition activity
carrying to the R3 and R4 receiver locations at the easternmost and northernmost
perimeters of the Overlook. However, by selecting noise study locations R3 and R4 to
calculate the anticipated noise exposure values for the residents of the Overlook, the
DEIR assessed the only furthest potential locations at the Overlook property from
the core of the demolition work that will need to occur at the existing movie theater
structure on the Project site. Thus, the DEIR failed to properly position receiver
locations to account for the full scope of the Project's potential construction noise
impacts, in addition to admitting that, notwithstanding that failure, the Project will
exceed the City's significance threshold for noise impacts. Thus, the EIR has
underreported the Project's potential noise impacts based on the improper placement
of noise measurement equipment at L3/R3 and L4/R4. To accurately characterize the
Project's potential noise impacts, the DEIR should have studied and assessed
potential noise impacts for a receiver location at the Overlook that is substantially
more proximate to the existing movie theater structure and the demolition to occur to
it, as depicted below:
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City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 15 of 33
In its response to WSRCC's comments on potential noise impacts, the FE1R takes the
position that the Project's exceedances of the City's noise significance thresholds
"would be short-term, intermittent, and restricted to the City's allowed construction
hours under Anaheim Municipal Code Section 6.70.010. Therefore, construction
noise impacts were determined to be less than significant, and no mitigation is
required." FEIR, p. 16.
Thus, the FEIR appears to rest its conclusion regarding the Project's construction
noise impacts being less than significant primarily on the City's Municipal Code
section 6.70.010 exempting daytime construction activities from the City's Noise
Ordinance. However, a determination that regulatory compliance will be sufficient to
prevent significant adverse impacts must be based on a project -specific analysis of
potential impacts and the effect of regulatory compliance. See Californians for
Alternatives to Toxics v. Department of Food &Agric. (2005) 136 Cal. App. 4th 1; see also
Ebbetts Pass Forest match v Department of Forestry & Fire Protection (2008) 43 Cal. App. 4th
936, 956. Here, the EIR provides no adequate supporting study, documentation, or
analysis that otherwise provides substantial evidence for its apparent conclusion that,
because the City's Municipal Code contains an exemption from its Noise Ordinance
for construction noise, construction noise during daytime hours would not be subject
to any thresholds of significance whatsoever, and by extension, that no mitigation is
required for noise impacts that would otherwise be significant under the City's
enacted significance threshold.
The City's November 18, 2025, responses to WSRCC's prior comments on this issue
(Attachment 23 to City's December 16, 2025, Staff Report) fail to address this critical
point. The FE1R provides no quantitative data and analysis demonstrating that,
because the Project's construction noise will allegedly be "intermittent, short term,
and confined to hours when construction noise is expressly permitted by City law,"
the Project's noise impacts fall below the applicable threshold of significance and no
mitigation is required under CEQA. To apply the City's flawed reasoning on this
issue yields the conclusion that any extreme level of noise caused by the Project's
construction work, no matter the volume or duration (e.g., demolition activity), would
result in a less than significant impact because the City's municipal code contains an
exception from the established noise thresholds for construction activities during
daytime hours. However, this noise threshold exemption for construction activities in
the City's code does not excuse the City from its obligations under CEQA to conduct
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 16 of 33
proper forecasting and analysis of the full scope of the severity of the Project's
construction noise impacts, including by properly selecting receiver locations for
nearby sensitive receptors, and then determining whether an actual, quantifiable
threshold of significance would be exceeded by such activities. The City's ongoing
failure to incorporate such study and analysis in the EIR for the Project as part of any
determination regarding the potential significance of the Project's noise impacts
continues to violate CEQA.
Despite this ongoing failure to adequately support its study, analysis, and improper
reliance on regulatory compliance in determining that the Project would not result in
significant construction noise impacts, the EIR further proceeds to offer absolutely
nothing in the way of any mitigation measures for the Project's admitted potentially
significant noise impacts. Indeed, despite acknowledging the Project's expected
exceedance of the City's noise significance thresholds during its construction phase,
the EIR fails to include and incorporate even basic noise mitigation measures such as
the implementation of temporary and moveable noise barriers along the southwestern
edge of the proposed Project site to dampen construction noise and shield the nearby
sensitive receptors residing at the Overlook from potentially significant impacts.
WSRCC maintains that the continuing failure of the EIR to account for these impacts
and mitigate them renders it deficient and in violation of CEQA.
Accordingly, WSRCC reiterates and expands upon its prior comments that the EIR
admits that the Project's noise impacts are potentially significant, and yet, it
improperly does not provide for any mitigation to reduce its anticipated significant
noise impacts. This correspondence therefore provides significant new information
based on substantial evidence of the Project's potentially significant noise impacts,
such that the EIR must now be revised and recirculated to correct the deficiencies in
its study, analysis, and mitigation of said impacts. As such, and absent revision and
recirculation of the EIR to include added noise mitigation measures that
demonstrably reduce the Project's construction noise impacts below the threshold of
significance, most particularly for the senior citizens residing at the Overlook, the
Project will continue to violate CEQA in the context of its noise impacts.
B. The DEIR Improperly Relies Exclusively on Regulatory
Compliance in Its Assessment of Biological Resources Impacts
The DEIR notes that construction of the Project would require removal of 211
existing on -site trees located throughout the Project site. (IS, p. 30.) While the DEIR
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 17 of 33
notes the potential for the removal of these trees to affect nesting and/or special status
bird species (see DEIR p. 4.4-9 — "The existing trees have the potential to support
nesting migratory birds that are protected by the MBTA and CFGC."), the DEIR for
the Project then proceeds to conduct no study oranalysrs whatsoever of the
Project's Biological Resources impacts, while inexplicably determining that the
Project's baseline Biological Resources impacts will be "Less Than Significant" before
mitigation. See DEIR, p. ES-9. The DEIR goes on to rely entirely upon its purported
Regulatory Compliance Measure RCM BIO-1 (Nesting Migratory Birds) to dispose of
any potential concerns over such impacts, concluding that no actual mitigation is
required to achieve less than significant impacts. See DEIR pp. 4.4-8 — 9.
RCM BIO-1 provides as follows:
To prevent inadvertent disturbance to potential nesting migratory birds, a
qualified biologist shall be contracted by the Property Owner/Developer
prior to the issuance of any demolition permits to perform biological
monitoring during all demolition, clearing, grubbing, and grading
activities.
To the extent feasible, all demolition, clearing, grubbing, and grading
activities shall be conducted outside of the state -identified nesting season
for migratory birds (i.e., typically February 1 through August 31). If not
feasible, a Pre -Construction Nesting Bird Survey within and adjacent to
the Project site shall be conducted by a qualified biologist no more than
three days before beginning these activities. If active nests are found
during the Pre -Construction Nesting Bird Survey, a Nesting Bird Plan
(NBP) shall be prepared by a qualified biologist and implemented during
construction with approval from the City. At a minimum, the NBP shall
include guidelines for addressing the active nest(s), proposed protective
buffers, proposed monitoring approach, and proposed reporting
approach. The size and location of all buffer zones, if required, shall be
based on the nesting species, nesting sage, nest location, its sensitivity to
disturbance, and intensity and duration of the disturbance activity. A
memorandum describing the results of the Pre -Construction Nesting Bird
Survey shall be submitted to the Planning and Building Department for
verification prior to proceeding with demolition, clearing, grubbing,
and/or grading activities subject to this measure. Any NBP developed
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 18 of 33
pursuant to this measure shall be submitted to the City for review and
approval prior to implementation.
Id.
Notably, the RCM defines the nesting period as February -August, contrary to the
California Department of Fish and Wildlife's ("CDFW") finding that raptor nesting
may commence before and/or after this timeframe.'
Further investigation of the information contained on the CDFW's "California
Outdoors Q&A" webpage reveals that the boundaries of bird nesting season in
California are broad and variable: "[N]esting season can vary based on location and
species of bird, and in some parts of the state, birds nest year-round."10
Furthermore, as noted by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife in a
November 18, 2021, letter to the City of Adelanto concerning a similar
preconstruction nesting bird survey mitigation measure:
CDFW is concern[ed] that [the mitigation measure] is conditioned to only
require surveys during the peak bird nesting season considering that birds,
such as hummingbirds may nest year-round. Furthermore, [the mitigation
measure] defines bird nesting season as February 1 to August 31. Please
note that nesting may commence before and/or after this timeframe. For
example, some species of raptors (e g. owls, hawks, etc.) may commence
nesting activities in January, and passerines may nest later than August 31.
Fish and Game Code Section 3503 makes it unlawful to take, possess, or
needlessly destroy the nest or eggs of any bird, except as otherwise
provided by Fish and Game Code or any regulation made pursuant
thereto.
These added qualifications by CDFW regarding bird nesting season are consistent
with, and underscore, CDFW's separate finding that birds and raptor nesting in the
Project's geographic region can and does occur outside the more general bird nesting
9 "... [S]ome species of raptors (e g. owls, hawks, etc.) may commence nesting activities in January."
See CDFW November 18, 2021 letter to City of Adelanto, available at
httl2s://files.ceqanct.opr.ca.gov/273819-1 /attachment/
zo76RgD7dUdj5BL=hEMdf74g6f100RrY,iWBQSquhFFe510X53rLsbLSGMPRX"4AaYnJST
fZB6JpY0
io See CDFW California Outdoors Q&A — Nesting Birds https://wildlife.ca.gov/COQA/
ArticlePage /2 /tag/conflict#gsc.tab=0
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 19 of 33
period of February -August sought by the DEIR in RCM BIO-1. Moreover, CDFW's
collective findings on this issue, coupled with the Project site's adjacency and/or very
close proximity to undeveloped wildland and conservation areas (e.g., Deer Canyon
Park, the Weir Canyon Nature Preserve, the Oak Canyon Nature Center, and the
Fremont Canyon Nature Preserve) confirm the inadequacy of both the City's analysis
of the Project's potential biological resources impacts to nesting and migratory birds
and the exclusive regulatory reliance as a basis for disposing of the potential for any
such impacts.
Furthermore, a determination that regulatory compliance will be sufficient to prevent
significant adverse impacts must be based on a project -specific analysis of potential
impacts and the effect of regulatory compliance. In Californians forAlternatims to Toxics v.
Department of Food &Agric. (2005) 136 Cal. App. 4th 1, the court set aside an EIR for a
statewide crop disease control plan because it did not include an evaluation of the risks
to the environment and human health from the proposed program but simply
presumed that no adverse impacts would occur from use of pesticides in accordance
with the registration and labeling program of the California Department of Pesticide
Regulation. See also Ebbetts Pass Forest Vatcb v Department of Forestry & Fire Protection
(2008) 43 Cal. App. 4th 936, 956 (fact that Department of Pesticide Regulation had
assessed environmental effects of certain herbicides in general did not excuse failure to
assess effects of their use for specific timber harvesting project).
Here, the DEIR does not set forth any analysis or study demonstrating the Project's
baseline potential impacts on biological resources, juxtaposed with an analysis of how
the Project's purported regulatory compliance would reduce potential impacts on
nesting bird species to a less than significant level, such that no further study or
analysis would be warranted. Rather, the DEIR bases its conclusion regarding the
mitigating effects of regulatory compliance simply on assumptions regarding the
Project Site and the surrounding urbanized areas. Under CEQA, such unsupported
assumptions are improper. To that end, the RCM violates CEQA, as its use here
results in the DEIR failing to disclose "the analytic route that the agency took from the
evidence to its findings." (Cal. Public Resources Code § 21081.5; CEQA Guidelines
15093; Village Laguna of Laguna Beach, Inc. v. Board of Supervisors (1982) 134 Cal. App. 3d
1022, 1035 [quoting Topanga Assn for a Scenic Community v. County of Los Angeles (1974) 11
Cal. 3d 506, 515.])
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 20 of 33
In response to WSRCC's prior comments on this issue, the FEIR and the City's
November 18, 2025, responses to comments claims only that RCM-BIO 1 "does not
preclude surveys or protections" for nesting birds for construction work performed
outside of the purported typical nesting season of February to August. The fact that
RCM-BIO 1 does not "preclude" such surveys or protections does not amount to
actual mitigation of the Project's potentially significant impact that is suggested by the
CDFW guidance. Under CEQA, a project's mitigation measures are required to be
mandatory and enforceable, rather than optional and discretionary, as the City has
continued to advocate in the context of RCM-BIO 1. The City's insistence on such an
approach to RCM-BIO 1 underscores WSRCC's position that mere regulatory
compliance, without thorough analysis demonstrating the adequacy of its mitigating
effects, does not qualify as sufficient and proper impact mitigation under CEQA.
Additionally, the FEIR and the City's November 18, 2025, responses still completely
fail to address and respond to the concerns identified by WSRCC regarding the Project
site's close proximity to undeveloped wildland and conservation areas such as Deer
Canyon Park, the Weir Canyon Nature Preserve, the Oak Canyon Nature Center, and
the Fremont Canyon Nature Preserve, which increases the potential for the use of the
Project's ornamental trees by nesting and migratory birds, including raptors. The City's
responses still wholly fail to address the core concerns WSRCC has raised regarding
the adequacy of the EIR's study, analysis, and mitigation measures, applicable to the
Project's biological resources impacts.
Additionally, RCM BIO-1 as framed, presents as a commonplace biological mitigation
measure implemented as part of CEQA review for a development project. The
language and requirements included in the measures are indicative of an overall finding
that the Project has the potential to result in significant impacts on biological
resources.
Accordingly, WSRCC resubmits that the nesting period and survey plan set forth in the
RCM BIO-1 remains inadequate based on CDFW's own guidance, and the EIR cannot
permissibly rely exclusively on regulatory compliance without a greater showing and
analysis, based on substantial evidence, that the Project's biological resources impacts
will be less than significant based on said regulatory compliance. Given that, WSRCC
maintains that the EIR must, at a minimum, be revised and recirculated to demonstrate
sufficient analysis and study of the Project's biological resources impacts and
substantial evidence to indicate that the Project's compliance with the Fish and Game
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 21 of 33
Code and Migratory Bird Treaty Act will sufficiently mitigate any such impacts. Based
on the positions set forth by CDFW in its guidance, the EIR should further be revised
to require that prior to construction of the Project, a sweep should be conducted
verifying the absence of any nesting birds during both nesting and non -nesting seasons
in order to account for CDFW's findings pertaining to the bird/raptor nesting season
within the Project's geographic region. Absent such revision, the proposed RCM and,
by extension, the EIR will remain in direct violation of the CEQA Guidelines.
1. The DEIR Falls to Study and Mitigate the Project's
Biological Resources Impacts Due to Planned Tree Removal
As stated above, the Project, as proposed, plans and intends to remove 211 mature
trees currently present on the Project site, with some as tall as 65 feet and/or having
trunk circumferences as large as 57 inches and crown widths of 30 feet across. See
DEIR Appendix 4.4-1, pp. 2-3. Despite its removal of a large number of established
trees, the proposed Project does not contemplate or provide specifics on any new
replacement trees that will be planted as part of the development process. Instead, the
Project's DEIR and its associated Specimen Tree Report (Appendix 4.4-1) hides
behind the notion that the City's Tree Ordinance does not require any replacement
trees to be planted as mitigation for the tree removal. Moreover, the FEIR and the
City's November 18, 2025, responses to WSRCC's prior comments on this issue do
not address the core concern with the DEIR that the Project intends to remove over
200 mature trees without committing to any tree replacement within the boundaries of
its development. Much akin the EIR's flawed noise impact analysis, CEQA does not
permit the City to assert that there is no applicable threshold of significance for this
impact simply because the City's Municipal Code does not require tree replacement for
"non- specimen" trees. In this regard, the EIR and the City once again improperly
conflate the Project's regulatory compliance for purposes of the contemplated tree
removal with a less than significant biological resources impact.
Again, a determination that regulatory compliance will be sufficient to prevent
significant adverse impacts must be based on a project -specific analysis of potential
impacts and the effect of regulatory compliance. See Californians forAlternatives to Toxics,
supra, (2005) 136 Cal.AppAth 1. Here, the FEIR perpetuates the DEIR's failure
improperly fails to disclose "the analytic route that the agency took from the evidence
to its findings." (Cal. Public Resources Code § 21081.5; CEQA Guidelines § 15093;
Village Laguna of Laguna Beach, Inc. P. Board of Supervisors (1982) 134 Cal. App. 3d 1022,
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 22 of 33
1035 [quoting Topanga Assn for a Scenic Community v. County of Los Angeles (1974) 11 Cal.
3d 506, 515.]) WSRCC's concerns regarding the Project's potential biological resources
impacts and the City' study and analysis of them have remained wholly unaddressed by
the FEIR and its responses to prior comments, with the City continuing to rely upon
mere regulatory compliance for the proposition that no potentially significant
biological resources impacts will arise from the removal of the 211 trees. The
deficiency of the EIR and its mitigation of the impacts of the planned tree removal is
underscored by the fact that the DEIR's Specimen Tree Report recommends that
"...trees be incorporated be incorporated into the redeveloped landscape..." for the
Project. DEIR, Appendix 4.4-1, p. 3. Additionally, and once again, the Project is sited
in close proximity to various undeveloped wildland and conservation areas, including
Deer Canyon Park, the Weir Canyon Nature Preserve, the Oak Canyon Nature Center,
and the Fremont Canyon Nature Preserve, which increases the likelihood of the use of
the Project's ornamental trees by nesting and migratory birds, including raptors, as
habitat. The potential impacts in the form of bird habitat loss, as well as the loss of the
trees themselves and the overall diminishment of the City's urban forest, warrants and
requires further study and mitigation of the biological impacts presented by the
removal of the Project's sites trees. Despite this acknowledgement in the impact study,
and WSRCC's repeated prior comments emphasizing this unaddressed concern, the
Project and its EIR still fail to commit to any types or quantities of trees to be
replanted as part of the Project's development.
Accordingly, the FEIR and the City's November 18, 2025, response to comments has
perpetuated the Project's failure to properly study, analyze, and mitigate the Project's
biological resources impacts, despite the substantial evidence of potentially significant
impacts, such that revision and recirculation of the EIR is now required under CEQA.
C. The DEIR's Mitigation Measures Are Insufficient
A fundamental purpose of an EIR is to identify ways in which a proposed project's
significant environmental impacts can be mitigated or avoided. Pub. Res. Code
§§ 21002.1(a), 21061. To implement this statutory purpose, an EIR must describe any
feasible mitigation measures that can minimize the project's significant environmental
effects. PRC §§ 21002.1(a), 21100(b)(3); CEQA Guidelines §§ 15121(a), 15126.4(a).
If the project has a significant effect on the environment, the agency may approve the
project only upon finding that it has "eliminated or substantially lessened all
significant effects on the environment where feasible" PRC 5§ 21002; 21002.1, 21081;
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 23 of 33
CEQA Guidelines §§ 15091, 15092(b)(2)(A); and find that `specific overriding
economic, legal, social, technology or other benefits of the project outweigh the
significant effects on the environment." PRC §§ 21002; 21002.1, 21081; CEQA
Guidelines §§ 15091, 15092(b)(2)(B). "A gloomy forecast of environmental
degradation is of little or no value without pragmatic, concrete means to minimize the
impacts and restore ecological equilibrium." Environmental Council of Sacramento V. City of
Sacramento (2006) 142 Cal.App.4th 1018, 1039.
CEQA mitigation measures proposed and adopted are required to describe what
actions will be taken to reduce or avoid an environmental impact. (CEQA Guidelines
§ 15126.4(a)(1)(B) [providing "[f]ormulation of mitigation measures should not be
deferred until some future time.'].) While the same Guidelines section
15126.5(a)(1)(B) acknowledges an exception to the rule against deferrals, such
exception is narrowly proscribed to situations where it is impractical or infeasible to
include those details during the project's environmental review.
According to CEQA Guidelines, "[w]hen an EIR has been prepared for a project, the
Responsible Agency shall not approve the project as proposed if the agency finds any
feasible alternative or feasible mitigation measures within its powers that would
substantially lessen or avoid any significant effect the project would have on the
environment." CEQA Guidelines Section 15096(g)(2).
Here, the EIR's mitigation measures for the Project are inadequate as follows:
1. The DEIR's Mitigation Measures Are Improperly Deferred
CEQA forbids deferred mitigation. Guidelines § 15126.4(a)(1)(B). CEQA allows
deferral of details of a mitigation measure only "when it is impractical or infeasible to
include those details during the project's environmental review." (Id.) CEQA further
requires: "that the agency (1) commits itself to the mitigation, (2) adopts specific
performance standards the mitigation will achieve, and (3) identifies the type(s) of
potential action(s) that can feasibly achieve that performance standard..." Guidelines
15126.4(a)(1)(B). Deferring formulation of a Project's actual mitigation measures to
some undefined time after the Project's approval is improper and cannot be used as a
substitute for proper mitigation under CEQA. Impermissible deferral can occur when
an EIR calls for mitigation measures to be created based on future studies or
describes mitigation measures in general terms but the agency fails to commit itself to
specific performance standards. (Preserve Vild Santee P. City of Santee (2012) 210
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 24 of 33
Cal.App.4th 260, 281 [city improperly deferred mitigation to butterfly habitat by
failing to provide standards or guidelines for its management].)
Here, the EIR improperly defers details of the Project's mitigation measures as
discussed in detail below.
i. Cultural Resources Mitigation Measures
The Project's Cultural Resources Mitigation Measure MM CUL-1 provides as follows,
in relevant part:
Archaeologist Monitoring: Prior to the issuance of the grading permit,
the Property Owner/Developer shall provide written evidence to the City
that the Property Owner/Developer has retained a qualified archaeologist
to observe grading activities within previously undisturbed soils and to
salvage and catalog archaeological resources, as necessary. The
archaeologist shall be present at the pre -grade conference, shall establish
procedures for archaeological resource surveillance within previously
undisturbed soils, and shall establish, in cooperation with the Property
Owner/Developer, procedures for temporarily halting or redirecting
work to permit the sampling, identification, and evaluation of the artifacts
as appropriate.
DEIR at p. 4.5-11.
The above mitigation measure, on its face, defers the preparation of the required
procedures for monitoring and halting/redirecting construction activities based on the
presence and/or discovery of protected cultural resources at the project site. WSRCC
maintains that the postponement of the preparation of the substance of this
mitigation measure denies the public and the City's decisionmakers of the opportunity
to assess the adequacy of the Project's cultural resources mitigation and monitoring
plan, and the Project's overall impact on cultural resources with respect to ensuring
such impacts are adequately mitigated and minimized. Indeed, because of this
deferment, the City's decisionmakers have been denied the opportunity to fully
consider the scope of the Project's potential impacts to cultural resources and whether
such impacts have been adequately mitigated, while the general public has also been
denied the opportunity to assess and comment upon the associated impacts and the
adequacy of the mitigation plans. The FEIR contends that, "CEQA does not require
that all implementation details be known or finalized at the time of EIR certification."
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 25 of 33
FEIR, p. 19. However, for purposes of the mitigation measure in question, there is no
rational or credible basis for the City's attempts to defer the preparation of the
archaeologist's procedures for conducting surveillance for artifacts in the previously
undisturbed soils or the Project procedures for halting and redirecting work to permit
further archaeological exploration in the event of a potential find. The City's
November 18, 2025, responses to comments similarly dismiss WSRCC's concerns on
this issue without directly responding to them or identifying reasons why the City
cannot develop, present, and circulate the archaeological mitigation procedures for
public review, improperly asserting that it can formulate the details of the mitigation
measure at a later time. However, the City and FEIR have not pointed to any unique
site characteristics that would justify, for CEQA purposes, the deferment of
preparation of these otherwise standard planning measures.
Thus, in the context of MM CUL-1, WSRCC maintains that the City has continued its
failure to meet CEQA's preconditions and requirements concerning mitigation, as the
EIR has failed to show why the Project's cultural resources response plan, and a
comprehensive analysis of the Project's anticipated impacts on such cultural resources,
cannot be completed or achieved at this time prior to adoption of the EIR. The
deferment of this study and analysis also improperly constrains the EIR's assessment
of the impacts that the measure will have individually or cumulatively, and the specific
performance criteria the Applicant will have to meet with regard to the measures.
Accordingly, the proposed mitigation measure is improperly deferred as it defers the
formulation of components of the mitigation to a later time and further does not explain
how the measure will clearly reduce the Project's cultural resources impacts to a level
of insignificance.
ii. Geology and Soils Mitigation Measures
The Project's Geology and Soils Mitigation Measure MM GEO-1 provides as follows,
in relevant part:
Prior to the issuance of grading and building permits, the City of Anaheim
Building Division and Public Works Department shall review all Project
plans for grading, foundation, structural, infrastructure, and all other
relevant construction permits to ensure compliance with the
recommendations contained in the Project's Geotechnical Exploration
and Feasibility Report.
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 26 of 33
DEIR at p. ES-13.
Moreover, MM GEO-2 provides as follows, in relevant part:
If paleontological resources are inadvertently unearthed during excavation
and grading activities of any future development project, the contractor
shall immediately cease all earth -disturbing activities within a 50-foot
radius of the discovery area. The qualified paleontologist shall be
contacted to evaluate the significance ofthe fnding and determine
an appropriate course ofactron.
DEIR at p. ES-14 (emphasis added).
Much like the Project's MM CUL-1, the above mitigation measures impermissibly
defer the preparation of any actual mitigation associated with the Project's geological
impacts. Worse yet, MM GEO-1 vaguely attempts to incorporate by reference the
"recommendations" of the Project's Geotechnical Exploration and Feasibility Report
as potential mitigation measures for the Project. The deferment of the preparation of
these actual mitigation measures, coupled with MM GEO-1's lack of specificity and
certainty regarding what mitigation will in fact be deployed to combat impacts
associated with potential seismic ground shaking and/or unstable/expansive soils,
render the mitigation measures improperly deferred and uncertain. In this regard, the
mitigation measure does not adequately and clearly commit to the mitigation
necessary to combat the Project's potential geology and soils impacts, which is
required by CEQA. At minimum, and to the extent the City will otherwise be required
to ensure their implementation prior to the issuance of building and grading permits
for the Project, the recommendations from the Project's Geotechnical Report must
be incorporated as mandatory mitigation measures in the Project's MMRP to ensure
they will be adequately noted, completed, and enforced. The FEIR and the City's
November 18, 2025, responses to WSRCC's comments on this issue continue to
evade discussion of the core deficiency identified — namely, that the recommendations
of the Geotechnical Report for the Project have not been expressly incorporated into
the Project's MMRP, leaving the City to search in the guidance documents for the
mitigation measures it will be required to complete. In this regard, FEIR has failed to
address the technical deficiencies of MM GEO-1, and the EIR for the Project
therefore remains deficient, in violation of CEQA, and subject to revision and
recirculation.
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 27 of 33
With regard to MM GEO-2, the formulation of the mitigation measure remains
partially deferred, in that the FEIR provides no rationale or basis for why the
mitigation plan to be formulated by the retained paleontologist in the event of a find
cannot be developed to the maximum extent possible prior to the Project's approval.
Indeed, the City's decisionmakers and the general public are entitled to a full and fair
opportunity to assess whether the mitigation efforts to be deployed on the Project in
protecting paleontological resources are adequate and complete. As framed, MM
GEO-2 continues to deny the City and the public of that opportunity by deferring its
specific formulation to a later time. However, in its November 18, 2025, responses,
the City continues to improperly claim that such deferral of the formulation of the
mitigation measures is permitted under CEQA, all while continuing to offer no
cognizable rationale or justification for why the mitigation measures cannot be
completely formulated at this time and circulated for public review.
Thus, in the context of MM GEO-1 and MM GEO-2, WSRCC maintains that the
City has failed to meet CEQA's preconditions and requirements concerning
mitigation, as the EIR has failed to make the "recommendations" of the Geotechnical
Exploration and Feasibility Report a mandatory and express component of mitigation
on the Project and has failed to present a clear response plan in the event that
paleontological resources are discovered during construction. Accordingly, WSRCC
resubmits that the proposed mitigation measures, as currently constituted, violate
CEQA and must be appropriately revised and recirculated.
iii. Ha.Zards and Hazardous Materials Mitigation Measures
The Project's Hazards and Hazardous Materials Mitigation Measure MM HAZ-1
provides as follows, in relevant part:
Construction Management Plan: Prior to the issuance of grading
permits, a Construction Management Plan shall be prepared by the
Property Owner/Developer for review and approval by Anaheim Fire
and Rescue, in accordance with MUTCD. It must identify emergency
access points and routes throughout all construction phases.
DEIR at p. ES-17.
The Project's Mitigation Measure MM HAZ-1 improperly and unjustifiably defers
preparation of the Construction Management Plan (CMP) until after the Project has
been approved by the City and shortly before construction is to commence. The
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 28 of 33
preparation of the CMP in connection with the Project's hazards mitigation efforts
has been established as a required, unconditional mitigation effort in connection with
the Project. As such, there is simply no valid explanation for the DEIR's failure to
prepare and include the required CMP the as part of the appendices for the Project's
environmental review, thereby providing the City and the general public with an full
and appropriate opportunity to assess the adequacy of the Project's hazards mitigation
plans in this regard.
In response to WSRCC's prior comments on this issue, the FEIR and the City's
November 18, 2025, responses continue to assert that the City is permitted under
CEQA to finalize the details of MM HAZ-1 after the EIR for the Project has been
certified. However, once again, the FEIR and the City still have not provided any
justification or explanation for why it would be infeasible to develop, formulate, and
circulate the CMP for the Project for the public's review at this time. The FEIR's
citation to the legal proposition that all details of a mitigation measure need not be
circulated prior to an EIR's certification does not dispose of the CEQA principle that
a project's mitigation measures must be developed to the fullest extent feasible prior
to an EIR's certification. The City's November 18, 2025, responses provide no
rebuttal whatsoever on this critical point, and WSRCC reiterates that the City has no
legal support for its position in this regard. The specifications of the Project are
sufficiently known at this time, as are the requirements set forth in the Manual on
Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), such that there is no cognizable obstacle
to the preparation and circulation of the CMP at this time. To that end, WSRCC
maintains that the EIR's ongoing failure to prepare and provide the CMP once again
violates CEQA, and the FEIR and the City have demonstrated no cognizable basis
for why it cannot now be prepared for public review.
Thus, with respect to MM HAZ-1, the EIR has continued its failure to meet CEQA's
preconditions and requirements concerning mitigation by deferring the further study,
analysis and preparation of mitigation measures and plans to address the Project's
anticipated Hazards impacts. The EIR's cannot permissibly constrain its assessment
of the individual and cumulative impacts of these measures, or withhold reporting of
the specific performance criteria the Applicant will have to meet with regard to the
measures, particularly when there is nothing to prevent current further study of these
impacts and the preparation of the required mitigation plan vis-a-vis the CMP. Once
again, the EIR has violated CEQA by deferring the formulation of critical aspects of
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 29 of 33
its hazards mitigation to a later time, and the FEIR has failed to properly address and
resolve concerns raised on these matters, such that revision and recirculation of the
EIR to supply this necessary study and information remains required.
D. The EIR Improperly Mischaracterizes its Transportation and
Hazards Mitigation Measure as "Project Design Features"
The FEIR also perpetuates the DEIR's improper recasting of what would otherwise
be essential Transportation and Hazards impact mitigation measures as "Project
Design Features" or "PDFs." Relying in part on these PDFs for the Project, the EIR
has concluded that the Project's Transportation impacts will be significant, despite
failing to deploy any bona fide mitigation measures on that impact category, while also
improperly leveraging the PDFs aimed at the Project's Hazards impacts in
conjunction with the Project's lone Hazards mitigation measure, MM HAZ-1, to
conclude that the Project's otherwise significant hazards impacts have been mitigated
to a less than significant level.
It is established that `"[a]voidance, minimization and / or mitigation measure' ... are
not `part of the project.' ... compressing the analysis of impacts and mitigation
measures into a single issue ... disregards the requirements of CEQA." (Lotus v.
Department of Transportation (2014) 223 Cal. App. 4th 645, 656.)
When "an agency decides to incorporate mitigation measures into its significance
determination, and relies on those mitigation measures to determine that no
significant effects will occur, that agency must treat those measures as though they
were adopted following a finding of significance." (Lotus, supra, 223 Cal. App. 4th at
652 [citing CEQA Guidelines � 15091(a)(1) and Cal. Public Resources Code
21081(a)(1).])
By mis characterizing the Transportation and Hazards mitigation measures as PDFs,
the City violates CEQA by failing to disclose "the analytic route that the agency took
from the evidence to its findings." (Cal. Public Resources Code § 21081.5; CEQA
Guidelines § 15093; Village Laguna of Laguna Beach, Inc. P. Board of Supervisors (1982) 134
Cal. App. 3d 1022, 1035 [quoting Topanga Assn for a Scenic Community t,. County of Los
Angeles (1974) 11 Cal. 3d 506, 515.])
Specifically, the DEIR delineates the following Transportation and Hazards PDFs to
be applied to the project, which are tantamount to (and otherwise routinely adopted
as) mitigation measures under CEQA:
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 30 of 33
PDF HAZ-1 Construction Fire Prevention Plan: Prior to
commencement of construction activities, the Property
Owner/Developer shall prepare and implement a Construction Fire
Prevention Plan that identifies fire safety measures to be followed by the
Project's contractor throughout all phases of construction. The Plan shall
be submitted to Anaheim Fire & Rescue for review and approval prior to
the start of construction activities.
PDF HAZ-2 Wildfire Evacuation and Awareness Plan: Prior to
issuance of a certificate of occupancy for the first multiple -family
residential unit, the Property Owner/Developer shall prepare and
implement a Project -specific Wildfire Evacuation and Awareness Plan.
The Plan shall be subject to review and approval by the City of Anaheim
Planning Department, Anaheim Police Department, and Anaheim Fire &
Rescue. The Plan shall include, at a minimum, the following components:
(1) The Plan shall be provided to all tenants along with all lease agreements
for development and dissemination of wildfire evacuation outreach
materials. These materials shall be provided to residents and employees
within the Project annually. The outreach materials shall depict evacuation
routes to use in case of a wildfire event and will provide other practical
wildfire preparedness information; (3) The Plan shall include requirements
for annual emergency evacuation drills for residents and employees in the
Project site; and (4) The Plan shall include the development,
implementation, and ongoing maintenance of a method for the Property
Owner/Developer to quickly and effectively communicate emergency
alerts to individuals at the Project site, such as through the installation and
maintenance of a wireless Public Address (PA) system and/or wireless
texting services, or other equivalent systems or methods approved by
Anaheim Fire & Rescue.
PDF TRANS-1 Affordable Housing (CAPCOA Measure T-4): The
Project shall include 45 moderate -income level housing units, representing
10 percent of the total 447 dwelling units. This measure is estimated to
reduce project -generated VMT by approximately 2.86 percent or 1,621
VMT.
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 31 of 33
PDF TRANS-2 Limit Residential Parking Supply (CAPCOA
Measure T-15): The Project shall provide a total of 893 parking spaces,
which is 70 spaces fewer than the 963 spaces required by the City's
development standards. This reduction in parking supply is expected to
reduce project -generated VMT by 1.0 percent, or 567 VMT.
DEIR, pp. ES-15 — 17, ES-24.
Notably, the DEIR acknowledges that, absent the incorporation of the foregoing
PDFs in the Project, the Project is anticipated to have both significant Hazards and
Transportation impacts with respect to (i) impairing the implementation of or
physically interfering with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency
evacuation plan, (ii) conflicting or being inconsistent with State CEQA Guidelines
Section 15064.3(b), and (iii) resulting in inadequate emergency access . Id. According
to the DEIR, these significant impacts of the Project will purportedly be cured, either
in whole or in part, via the incorporation of PDF HAZ-1, PDF HAZ-2, PDF
TRANS-1, and PDF TRANS-2.
However, implementing a Wildfire Evacuation and Awareness Plan, ensuring
minimum levels of affordable housing, and limiting residential parking are not bona
fide features of "project design." Rather, the PDFs amount to the EIR's mislabeling
and disguising of what are otherwise a mitigation measures for the Project. Here, the
EIR has premised it analysis regarding the allegedly "less than significant impact" on
Hazards on the incorporation of the so-called PDFs. It has also declined to
incorporate bona fide mitigation measures against the Project's significant and
unavoidable Transportation impacts. To that end, the Transportation and Hazards
impacts analysis put forth in the EIR is demonstrably tainted and flawed by the
improper application and incorporation of these PDFs.
In response to WSRCC's comments on these issues, the FEIR and the City
misconstrue the application of the PDFs and attempt to validate their improper use
on the Project. The FEIR makes plain that the PDFs, which are, by all accounts,
mitigation measures, have been incorporated and applied as aspects of the Project's
baseline, rather than being correctly characterized and attributed as impact -reducing
mitigation measures. See FEIR, pp. 20-21. The FEIR continues to tout the PDFs as
"voluntary design elements," when in fact, for example, a Construction Fire
Prevention Plan and a Wildfire Evacuation and Awareness Plan, cannot be credibly
characterized as a part of a Project's physical design and specifications. Indeed, such
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 32 of 33
plans amount to planning documents necessary for the City and the Applicant to
develop and comply with in order to ensure against otherwise significant hazards
impacts arising from the Project.
Further still, the EIR appears to use the Project's Transportation PDFs in order to
attempt to relieve itself from the requirement under CEQA to formulate and deploy
all feasible mitigation measures to combat the Project's significant and unavoidable
Transportation impacts in the form of exceeding CEQA VMT requirements. The
DEIR's conclusion that "[n]o feasible mitigation measures were identified that would
reduce the significant [Transportation] impact to a level less than significant," (DEIR,
p. ES-24) is irrelevant and inapplicable to the City's obligation under CEQA to deploy
all available, feasible mitigation measures when faced with an otherwise significant and
unavoidable impact resulting from a project. Certainly, other measures such as
increased bicycle parking and associated facilities, or payment into a local or state -
sponsored VMT fund, could be incorporated into the Project to further reduce the
significant impacts it presents. The City has an obligation under CEQA to develop
and incorporate all such feasible mitigation measures for the Project.
Additionally, and notwithstanding the other legally improper attributes of PDF HAZ-
1 and PDF HAZ-2 discussed above, the foregoing PDFs collectively also improperly
defer preparation of Project's Construction Fire Prevention Plan ("CFPP") and
Wildfire Evacuation and Awareness Plan ("WEAP") until after the public review and
certification of the EIR has been completed. Indeed, PDF HAZ-1 defers preparation
of the CFPP until "prior to commencement of construction activities," while PDF
HAZ-2 defers preparation of the WEAP until "[p]rior to issuance of a certificate of
occupancy for the first multiple -family residential unit" of the Project. As discussed at
length above in the context of MM CUL-1, MM GEO-1, MM GEO-2, and MM
HAZ-1, CEQA prohibits ambiguous, deferred, and uncertain mitigation measures.
The EIR's deferment of preparation of these wildfire -related mitigations is particularly
glaring given the EIR's acknowledgement that the majority of Project is sited in a
state -designated Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone ("VHFHSZ"). Thus, even if
CEQA permitted the EIR for the Project to substitute PDFs for mitigation measures
in the context of PDF HAZ-1 and PDF HAZ-2 (which it does not), such measures in
the EIR still would not meet CEQA's requirements based on their improper deferral
of the actual substance of the mitigation measures.
City of Anaheim — Anaheim Hills Festival Center Project
December 16, 2025
Page 33 of 33
In sum, by recasting its transportation and hazards mitigation measures as PDFs, and
then deferring preparation of aspects of the PDFs that purport to provide mitigating
effects on the Project's impacts, the EIR has attempted to skirt its responsibilities to
fully analyze and mitigate the various environmental impacts implicated by the PDFs.
Such an attempt to evade accountability for addressing the Project's transportation and
hazards impacts directly violates CEQA, and the EIR cannot permissibly be certified
unless and until this deficiency is rectified.
V. CONCLUSION
Based on the foregoing concerns, the City should require revision and recirculation of
the EIR for the Project pursuant to CEQA. Absent doing so, the EIR in its current
form directly violates CEQA in multiple respects. If the City should have any
questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact this office.
Sincerely,
JA:�re-
eremy Herwitt
Attorneys for Western States Regional Council of Carpenters
Attached:
March 8, 2021 SWAPE Letter to Mitchell M. Tsai re Local Hire Requirements and
Considerations for Greenhouse Gas Modeling (Exhibit A);
Air Quality and GHG Expert Paul Rosenfeld CV (Exhibit B); and
Air Quality and GHG Expert Matt Hagemann CV (Exhibit C).
EXHIBIT A
Technical Consultation, Data Analysis and
�SWAPEJ Litigation Support for the Environment
2656 291h Street, Suite 201
Santa Monica, CA 90405
Matt Hagemann, P.G, C.Hg.
(949) 887-9013
mhagemann@swape.com
Paul E. Rosenfeld, PhD
(310) 795-2335
prosenfeld@swape.com
March 8, 2021
Mitchell M. Tsai
155 South El Molino, Suite 104
Pasadena, CA 91101
Subject: Local Hire Requirements and Considerations for Greenhouse Gas Modeling
Dear Mr. Tsai,
Soil Water Air Protection Enterprise ("SWAPE") is pleased to provide the following draft technical report
explaining the significance of worker trips required for construction of land use development projects with
respect to the estimation of greenhouse gas ("GHG") emissions. The report will also discuss the potential for
local hire requirements to reduce the length of worker trips, and consequently, reduced or mitigate the
potential GHG impacts.
Worker Trips and Greenhouse Gas Calculations
The California Emissions Estimator Model ("CaIEEMod") is a "statewide land use emissions computer model
designed to provide a uniform platform for government agencies, land use planners, and environmental
professionals to quantify potential criteria pollutant and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with both
construction and operations from a variety of land use projects."' CaIEEMod quantifies construction -related
emissions associated with land use projects resulting from off -road construction equipment; on -road mobile
equipment associated with workers, vendors, and hauling; fugitive dust associated with grading, demolition,
truck loading, and on -road vehicles traveling along paved and unpaved roads; and architectural coating
activities; and paving.'
The number, length, and vehicle class of worker trips are utilized by CaIEEMod to calculate emissions associated
with the on -road vehicle trips required to transport workers to and from the Project site during construction.'
' "California Emissions Estimator Model." CAPCOA, 2017, available at: http://www.agmd.gov/caleemod/home.
' "California Emissions Estimator Model." CAPCOA, 2017, available at: http://www.agmd.gov/caleemod/home.
3 "CaIEEMod User's Guide." CAPCOA, November 2017, available at: http://www.agmd.gov/docs/default-
source/caleemod/01 use r-39-s-guide2016-3-2 15november2017.pdf?sfvrsn=4, p. 34.
1
Specifically, the number and length of vehicle trips is utilized to estimate the vehicle miles travelled ("VMT")
associated with construction. Then, utilizing vehicle -class specific EMFAC 2014 emission factors, CaIEEMod
calculates the vehicle exhaust, evaporative, and dust emissions resulting from construction -related VMT,
including personal vehicles for worker commuting.4
Specifically, in order to calculate VMT, CaIEEMod multiplies the average daily trip rate by the average overall trip
length (see excerpt below):
"VMTd = I(Average Daily Trip Rate i * Average Overall Trip Length i) n
Where:
n = Number of land uses being modeled."'
Furthermore, to calculate the on -road emissions associated with worker trips, CaIEEMod utilizes the following
equation (see excerpt below):
"EmisslonSpollutant = VMT * EFrunning,pollutant
Where:
Emissionspollutant = emissions from vehicle running for each pollutant
VMT = vehicle miles traveled
EFrunning,pollutant = emission factor for running emissions."'
Thus, there is a direct relationship between trip length and VMT, as well as a direct relationship between VMT
and vehicle running emissions. In other words, when the trip length is increased, the VMT and vehicle running
emissions increase as a result. Thus, vehicle running emissions can be reduced by decreasing the average overall
trip length, by way of a local hire requirement or otherwise.
Default Worker Trip Parameters and Potential Local Hire Requirements
As previously discussed, the number, length, and vehicle class of worker trips are utilized by CaIEEMod to
calculate emissions associated with the on -road vehicle trips required to transport workers to and from the
Project site during construction.' In order to understand how local hire requirements and associated worker trip
length reductions impact GHG emissions calculations, it is important to consider the CaIEEMod default worker
trip parameters. CalEEMod provides recommended default values based on site -specific information, such as
land use type, meteorological data, total lot acreage, project type and typical equipment associated with project
type. If more specific project information is known, the user can change the default values and input project -
specific values, but the California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA") requires that such changes be justified by
substantial evidence.' The default number of construction -related worker trips is calculated by multiplying the
4 "Appendix A Calculation Details for CalEEMod." CAPCOA, October 2017, available at: http:/,/www.agrnd.gov/docs/default-
source/caleemod/02 appendix-a2016-3-2.pdf?sfvrsn=6, p. 14-15.
5 "Appendix A Calculation Details for CalEEMod." CAPCOA, October 2017, available at: http://www.agrnd.gov/docs/default-
source/caleemod/02 appendix-a2016-3-2.pdf?sfvrsn=6, p. 23.
' "Appendix A Calculation Details for CalEEMod." CAPCOA, October 2017, available at: http://www.agmd.gov/docs/default-
source/caleemod/02 appendix-a2016-3-2.pdf?sfvrsn=6, p. 15.
' "CalEEMod User's Guide." CAPCOA, November 2017, available at: http://www.agmd.gov/docs/default-
source/caleemod/01 use r-39-s-guide2016-3-2 15november2017.pdf?sfvrsn=41 p. 34.
$ CaIEEMod User Guide, available at: http://www.caleemod.com/, p. 1, 9.
2
number of pieces of equipment for all phases by 1.25, with the exception of worker trips required for the
building construction and architectural coating phases.' Furthermore, the worker trip vehicle class is a 50/25/25
percent mix of light duty autos, light duty truck class 1 and light duty truck class 2, respectively."10 Finally, the
default worker trip length is consistent with the length of the operational home -to -work vehicle trips.11 The
operational home -to -work vehicle trip lengths are:
"[B]ased on the location and urbanization selected on the project characteristic screen. These values
were supplied by the air districts or use a default average for the state. Each district (or county) also
assigns trip lengths for urban and rural settings" (emphasis added). 12
Thus, the default worker trip length is based on the location and urbanization level selected by the User when
modeling emissions. The below table shows the CaIEEMod default rural and urban worker trip lengths by air
basin (see excerpt below and Attachment A).13
Worker Trip Length by Air Basin
Air Basin
Rural (miles)
Urban (miles)
Great Basin Valleys
16.8
10.8
Lake County
16.8
10.8
Lake Tahoe
16.8
10.8
Mojave Desert
16.8
10.8
Mountain Counties
16.8
10.8
North Central Coast
17.1
12.3
North Coast
16.8
10.8
Northeast Plateau
16.8
10.8
Sacramento Valley
16.8
10.8
Salton Sea
14.6
11
San Diego
16.8
10.8
San Francisco Bay Area
10.8
10.8
San Joaquin Valley
16.8
10.8
South Central Coast
16.8
10.8
South Coast
19.8
14.7
Average
16.47
11.17
Minimum
10.80
10.80
Maximum
19.80
14.70
Range
9.00
3.90
' "CaIEEMod User's Guide." CAPCOA, November 2017, available at: http://www.agmd.gov/dots/default-
source/caleemod/01 user-39-s-guide2016-3-2 15november2017.pdf?sfvrsn=4, p. 34.
10 "Appendix A Calculation Details for CaIEEMod." CAPCOA, October 2017, available at:
http://www.actrnd.gov/docs/default-source/caleemod/02 appendix-a2016-3-2.pdf?sfvrsn=6, p. 15.
11 "Appendix A Calculation Details for CaIEEMod." CAPCOA, October 2017, available at:
http://www.agmd.gov/docs/default-source/caleemod/02 appendix-a2016-3-2.pdf?sfvrsn=6, p. 14.
12 "Appendix A Calculation Details for CaIEEMod." CAPCOA, October 2017, available at:
http://www.agmd.govidocs/default-source/caleemod/02 appendix-a2016-3-2.pdf?sfvrsn=6, p. 21.
11 "Appendix D Default Data Tables." CAPCOA, October 2017, available at: http://www.agmd.gov/docs/default-
source/caleemod/05 appendix-d2016-3-2.pdf?sfvrsn=4, p. D-84 - D-86.
3
As demonstrated above, default rural worker trip lengths for air basins in California vary from 10.8- to 19.8-
miles, with an average of 16.47 miles. Furthermore, default urban worker trip lengths vary from 10.8- to 14.7-
miles, with an average of 11.17 miles. Thus, while default worker trip lengths vary by location, default urban
worker trip lengths tend to be shorter in length. Based on these trends evident in the CalEEMod default worker
trip lengths, we can reasonably assume that the efficacy of a local hire requirement is especially dependent
upon the urbanization of the project site, as well as the project location.
Practical Application of a Local Hire Requirement and Associated Impact
To provide an example of the potential impact of a local hire provision on construction -related GHG emissions,
we estimated the significance of a local hire provision for the Village South Specific Plan ("Project") located in
the City of Claremont ("City"). The Project proposed to construct 1,000 residential units, 100,000-SF of retail
space, 45,000-SF of office space, as well as a 50-room hotel, on the 24-acre site. The Project location is classified
as Urban and lies within the Los Angeles -South Coast County. As a result, the Project has a default worker trip
length of 14.7 miles.14 In an effort to evaluate the potential for a local hire provision to reduce the Project's
construction -related GHG emissions, we prepared an updated model, reducing all worker trip lengths to 10
miles (see Attachment B). Our analysis estimates that if a local hire provision with a 10-mile radius were to be
implemented, the GHG emissions associated with Project construction would decrease by approximately 17%
(see table below and Attachment C).
Local Hire Provision Net Change
Without Local Hire Provision
Total Construction GHG Emissions (MT CO2e)
Amortized Construction GHG Emissions (MT CO2e/year)
3,623
120.77
With Local Hire Provision
Total Construction GHG Emissions (MT CO2e)
Amortized Construction GHG Emissions (MT CO2e/year)
Decrease in Construction -related GHG Emissions
3,024
100.80
17%
As demonstrated above, by implementing a local hire provision requiring 10 mile worker trip lengths, the Project
could reduce potential GHG emissions associated with construction worker trips. More broadly, any local hire
requirement that results in a decreased worker trip length from the default value has the potential to result in a
reduction of construction -related GHG emissions, though the significance of the reduction would vary based on
the location and urbanization level of the project site.
This serves as an example of the potential impacts of local hire requirements on estimated project -level GHG
emissions, though it does not indicate that local hire requirements would result in reduced construction -related
GHG emission for all projects. As previously described, the significance of a local hire requirement depends on
the worker trip length enforced and the default worker trip length for the project's urbanization level and
location.
11 "Appendix D Default Data Tables." CAPCOA, October 2017, available at: http://www.agmd.gov/docs/default-
source/caleemod/05 appendix-d2010-3-2.pdf?sfvrsn=4, p. D-85.
4
Disclaimer
SWAPE has received limited discovery. Additional information may become available in the future; thus, we
retain the right to revise or amend this report when additional information becomes available. Our professional
services have been performed using that degree of care and skill ordinarily exercised, under similar
circumstances, by reputable environmental consultants practicing in this or similar localities at the time of
service. No other warranty, expressed or implied, is made as to the scope of work, work methodologies and
protocols, site conditions, analytical testing results, and findings presented. This report reflects efforts which
were limited to information that was reasonably accessible at the time of the work, and may contain
informational gaps, inconsistencies, or otherwise be incomplete due to the unavailability or uncertainty of
information obtained or provided by third parties.
Sincerely,
Matt Hagemann, P.G., C.Hg.
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D.
5
Attachment A
Rural H-W
Urban H-W
Location Type
Location Name
(miles)
(miles)
Air Basin
Great Basin
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
Lake County
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
Lake Tahoe
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
Mojave Desert
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
Mountain
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
North Central
17.1
12.3
Air Basin
North Coast
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
Northeast
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
Sacramento
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
Salton Sea
14.6
11
Air Basin
San Diego
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
San Francisco
10.8
10.8
Air Basin
San Joaquin
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
South Central
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
South Coast
19.8
14.7
Air District
Amador County
16.8
10.8
Air District
Antelope Valley
16.8
10.8
Air District
Bay Area AQMD
10.8
10.8
Air District
Butte County
12.54
12.54
Air District
Calaveras
16.8
10.8
Air District
Colusa County
16.8
10.8
Air District
El Dorado
16.8
10.8
Air District
Feather River
16.8
10.8
Air District
Glenn County
16.8
10.8
Air District
Great Basin
16.8
10.8
Air District
Imperial County
10.2
7.3
Air District
Kern County
16.8
10.8
Air District
Lake County
16.8
10.8
Air District
Lassen County
16.8
10.8
Air District
Mariposa
16.8
10.8
Air District
Mendocino
16.8
10.8
Air District
Modoc County
16.8
10.8
Air District
Mojave Desert
16.8
10.8
Air District
Monterey Bay
16.8
10.8
Air District
North Coast
16.8
10.8
Air District
Northern Sierra
16.8
10.8
Air District
Northern
16.8
10.8
Air District
Placer County
16.8
10.8
Air District
Sacramento
15
10
Air District
San Diego
16.8
10.8
Air District
San Joaquin
16.8
10.8
Air District
San Luis Obispo
13
13
Air District
Santa Barbara
8.3
8.3
Air District
Shasta County
16.8
10.8
Air District
Siskiyou County
16.8
10.8
Air District
South Coast
19.8
14.7
Air District
Tehama County
16.8
10.8
Air District
Tuolumne
16.8
10.8
Air District
Ventura County
16.8
10.8
Air District
Yolo/Solano
15
10
County
Alameda
10.8
10.8
County
Alpine
16.8
10.8
County
Amador
16.8
10.8
County
Butte
12.54
12.54
County
Calaveras
16.8
10.8
County
Colusa
16.8
10.8
County
Contra Costa
10.8
10.8
County
Del Norte
16.8
10.8
County
El Dorado -Lake
16.8
10.8
County
El Dorado-
16.8
10.8
County
Fresno
16.8
10.8
County
Glenn
16.8
10.8
County
Humboldt
16.8
10.8
County
Imperial
10.2
7.3
County
Inyo
16.8
10.8
County
Kern -Mojave
16.8
10.8
County
Kern -San
16.8
10.8
County
Kings
16.8
10.8
County
Lake
16.8
10.8
County
Lassen
16.8
10.8
County
Los Angeles-
16.8
10.8
County
Los Angeles-
19.8
14.7
County
Madera
16.8
10.8
County
Marin
10.8
10.8
County
Mariposa
16.8
10.8
County
Mendocino-
16.8
10.8
County
Mendocino-
16.8
10.8
County
Mendocino-
16.8
10.8
County
Mendocino-
16.8
10.8
County
Merced
16.8
10.8
County
Modoc
16.8
10.8
County
Mono
16.8
10.8
County
Monterey
16.8
10.8
County
Napa
10.8
10.8
County
Nevada
16.8
10.8
County
Orange
19.8
14.7
County
Placer -Lake
16.8
10.8
County
Placer -Mountain
16.8
10.8
County
Placer-
16.8
10.8
County
Plumas
16.8
10.8
County
Riverside-
16.8
10.8
County
Riverside-
19.8
14.7
County
Riverside -Salton
14.6
11
County
Riverside -South
19.8
14.7
County
Sacramento
15
10
County
San Benito
16.8
10.8
County
San Bernardino-
16.8
10.8
County
San Bernardino-
19.8
14.7
County
San Diego
16.8
10.8
County
San Francisco
10.8
10.8
County
San Joaquin
16.8
10.8
County
San Luis Obispo
13
13
County
San Mateo
10.8
10.8
County
Santa Barbara-
8.3
8.3
County
Santa Barbara-
8.3
8.3
County
Santa Clara
10.8
10.8
County
Santa Cruz
16.8
10.8
County
Shasta
16.8
10.8
County
Sierra
16.8
10.8
County
Siskiyou
16.8
10.8
County
Solano-
15
10
County
Solano-San
16.8
10.8
County
Sonoma -North
16.8
10.8
County
Sonoma -San
10.8
10.8
County
Stanislaus
16.8
10.8
County
Sutter
16.8
10.8
County
Tehama
16.8
10.8
County
Trinity
16.8
10.8
County
Tulare
16.8
10.8
County
Tuolumne
16.8
10.8
County
Ventura
16.8
10.8
County
Yolo
15
10
County
Yuba
16.8
10.8
Statewide
Statewide
16.8
10.8
Air Basin
Great Basin Valleys
Lake County
Lake Tahoe
Mojave Desert
Mountain Counties
North Central Coast
North Coast
Northeast Plateau
Sacramento Valley
Salton Sea
San Diego
San Francisco Bay Area
San Joaquin Valley
South Central Coast
South Coast
Average
Mininum
Maximum
Range
Worker Trip Length by Air Basin
Rural (miles)
16.8
16.8
16.8
16.8
16.8
17.1
16.8
16.8
16.8
14.6
16.8
10.8
16.8
16.8
19.8
16.47
10.80
19.80
9.00
Urban (miles)
10.8
10.8
10.8
10.8
10.8
12.3
10.8
10.8
10.8
11
10.8
10.8
10.8
10.8
14.7
11.17
10.80
14.70
3.90
El
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Attachment C
Local Hire Provision Net Change
Without Local Hire Provision
Total Construction GHG Emissions (MT CO2e)
Amortized (MT CO2e/year)
3,623
120.77
With Local Hire Provision
Total Construction GHG Emissions (MT CO2e)
Amortized (MT CO2e/year)
% Decrease in Construction -related GHG Emissions
3,024
100.80
17%
EXHIBIT B
S WA P E Technical Consultation, Data Analysis and
Litigation Support for the Environment
Paul Rosenfeld, Ph.D.
Principal Environmental Chemist
Education
SOIL WATER AIR PROTECTION ENTERPRISE
2656 29th Street, Suite 201
Santa Monica, California 90405
Attn: Paul Rosenfeld, Ph.D.
Mobil: (310) 795-2335
Office: (310) 452-5555
Fax: (310) 452-5550
Email: prosenfeld(d,swaye.com
Chemical Fate and Transport & Air Dispersion Modeling
Risk Assessment & Remediation Specialist
Ph.D. Soil Chemistry, University of Washington, 1999. Dissertation on volatile organic compound filtration.
M.S. Environmental Science, U.C. Berkeley, 1995. Thesis on organic waste economics.
B.A. Environmental Studies, U.C. Santa Barbara, 1991. Thesis on wastewater treatment.
Professional Experience
Dr. Rosenfeld has over 25 years' experience conducting environmental investigations and risk assessments for
evaluating impacts to human health, property, and ecological receptors. His expertise focuses on the fate and
transport of environmental contaminants, human health risk, exposure assessment, and ecological restoration. Dr.
Rosenfeld has evaluated and modeled emissions from unconventional oil drilling operations, oil spills, landfills,
boilers and incinerators, process stacks, storage tanks, confined animal feeding operations, and many other industrial
and agricultural sources. His project experience ranges from monitoring and modeling of pollution sources to
evaluating impacts of pollution on workers at industrial facilities and residents in surrounding communities.
Dr. Rosenfeld has investigated and designed remediation programs and risk assessments for contaminated sites
containing lead, heavy metals, mold, bacteria, particulate matter, petroleum hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents,
pesticides, radioactive waste, dioxins and furans, semi- and volatile organic compounds, PCBs, PAHs, perchlorate,
asbestos, per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFOA/PFOS), unusual polymers, fuel oxygenates (MTBE), among
other pollutants. Dr. Rosenfeld also has experience evaluating greenhouse gas emissions from various projects and is
an expert on the assessment of odors from industrial and agricultural sites, as well as the evaluation of odor nuisance
impacts and technologies for abatement of odorous emissions. As a principal scientist at SWAPE, Dr. Rosenfeld
directs air dispersion modeling and exposure assessments. He has served as an expert witness and testified about
pollution sources causing nuisance and/or personal injury at dozens of sites and has testified as an expert witness on
more than ten cases involving exposure to air contaminants from industrial sources.
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Pagel of 10 June 2019
Professional History:
Soil Water Air Protection Enterprise (SWAPE); 2003 to present; Principal and Founding Partner
UCLA School of Public Health; 2007 to 2011; Lecturer (Assistant Researcher)
UCLA School of Public Health; 2003 to 2006; Adjunct Professor
UCLA Environmental Science and Engineering Program; 2002-2004; Doctoral Intern Coordinator
UCLA Institute of the Environment, 2001-2002; Research Associate
Komex H2O Science, 2001 to 2003; Senior Remediation Scientist
National Groundwater Association, 2002-2004; Lecturer
San Diego State University, 1999-2001; Adjunct Professor
Anteon Corp., San Diego, 2000-2001; Remediation Project Manager
Ogden (now Amec), San Diego, 2000-2000; Remediation Project Manager
Bechtel, San Diego, California, 1999 — 2000; Risk Assessor
King County, Seattle, 1996 — 1999; Scientist
James River Corp., Washington, 1995-96; Scientist
Big Creek Lumber, Davenport, California, 1995; Scientist
Plumas Corp., California and USFS, Tahoe 1993-1995; Scientist
Peace Corps and World Wildlife Fund, St. Kitts, West Indies, 1991-1993; Scientist
Publications:
Remy, L.L., Clay T., Byers, V., Rosenfeld P. E. (2019) Hospital, Health, and Community Burden After Oil
Refinery Fires, Richmond, California 2007 and 2012. Environmental Health. 18:48
Simons, R.A., Seo, Y. Rosenfeld, P., (2015) Modeling the Effect of Refinery Emission On Residential Property
Value. Journal of Real Estate Research. 27(3):321-342
Chen, J. A, Zapata A. R., Sutherland A. J., Molmen, D.R., Chow, B. S., Wu, L. E., Rosenfeld, P. E., Hesse, R. C.,
(2012) Sulfur Dioxide and Volatile Organic Compound Exposure To A Community In Texas City Texas Evaluated
Using Aermod and Empirical Data. American Journal of Environmental Science, 8(6), 622-632.
Rosenfeld, P.E. & Feng, L. (2011). The Risks of Hazardous Waste. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing.
Cheremisinoff, N.P., & Rosenfeld, P.E. (2011). Handbook of Pollution Prevention and Cleaner Production: Best
Practices in the Agrochemical Industry, Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing.
Gonzalez, J., Feng, L., Sutherland, A., Waller, C., Sok, H., Hesse, R., Rosenfeld, P. (2010). PCBs and
Dioxins/Furans in Attic Dust Collected Near Former PCB Production and Secondary Copper Facilities in Sauget, IL.
Procedia Environmental Sciences. 113-125.
Feng, L., Wu, C., Tam, L., Sutherland, A.J., Clark, J.J., Rosenfeld, P.E. (2010). Dioxin and Furan Blood Lipid and
Attic Dust Concentrations in Populations Living Near Four Wood Treatment Facilities in the United States. Journal
of Environmental Health. 73(6), 34-46.
Cheremisinoff, N.P., & Rosenfeld, P.E. (2010). Handbook of Pollution Prevention and Cleaner Production: Best
Practices in the Wood and Paper Industries. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing.
Cheremisinoff, N.P., & Rosenfeld, P.E. (2009). Handbook of Pollution Prevention and Cleaner Production: Best
Practices in the Petroleum Industry. Amsterdam: Elsevier Publishing.
Wu, C., Tam, L., Clark, J., Rosenfeld, P. (2009). Dioxin and furan blood lipid concentrations in populations living
near four wood treatment facilities in the United States. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, Air
Pollution, 123 (17), 319-327.
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Page 2 of 10 June 2019
Tam L. K.., Wu C. D., Clark J. J. and Rosenfeld, P.E. (2008). A Statistical Analysis Of Attic Dust And Blood Lipid
Concentrations Of Tetrachloro-p-Dibenzodioxin (TCDD) Toxicity Equivalency Quotients (TEQ) In Two
Populations Near Wood Treatment Facilities. Organohalogen Compounds, 70, 002252-002255.
Tam L. K.., Wu C. D., Clark J. J. and Rosenfeld, P.E. (2008). Methods For Collect Samples For Assessing Dioxins
And Other Environmental Contaminants In Attic Dust: A Review. Organohalogen Compounds, 70, 000527-
000530.
Hensley, A.R. A. Scott, J. J. J. Clark, Rosenfeld, P.E. (2007). Attic Dust and Human Blood Samples Collected near
a Former Wood Treatment Facility. Environmental Research. 105, 194-197.
Rosenfeld, P.E., J. J. J. Clark, A. R. Hensley, M. Suffet. (2007). The Use of an Odor Wheel Classification for
Evaluation of Human Health Risk Criteria for Compost Facilities. Water Science & Technology 55(5), 345-357.
Rosenfeld, P. E., M. Suffet. (2007). The Anatomy Of Odour Wheels For Odours Of Drinking Water, Wastewater,
Compost And The Urban Environment. Water Science & Technology 55(5), 335-344.
Sullivan, P. J. Clark, J.J.J., Agardy, F. J., Rosenfeld, P.E. (2007). Toxic Legacy, Synthetic Toxins in the Food,
Water, and Air in American Cities. Boston Massachusetts: Elsevier Publishing
Rosenfeld, P.E., and Suffet I.H. (2004). Control of Compost Odor Using High Carbon Wood Ash. Water Science
and Technology. 49(9),171-178.
Rosenfeld P. E., J.J. Clark, I.H. (Mel) Suffet (2004). The Value of An Odor -Quality -Wheel Classification Scheme
For The Urban Environment. Water Environment Federation's Technical Exhibition and Conference (WEFTEC)
2004. New Orleans, October 2-6, 2004.
Rosenfeld, P.E., and Suffet, I.H. (2004). Understanding Odorants Associated With Compost, Biomass Facilities,
and the Land Application of Biosolids. Water Science and Technology. 49(9), 193-199.
Rosenfeld, P.E., and Suffet I.H. (2004). Control of Compost Odor Using High Carbon Wood Ash, Water Science
and Technology, 49( 9), 171-178.
Rosenfeld, P. E., Grey, M. A., Sellew, P. (2004). Measurement of Biosolids Odor and Odorant Emissions from
Windrows, Static Pile and Biofilter. Water Environment Research. 76(4), 310-315.
Rosenfeld, P.E., Grey, M and Suffet, M. (2002). Compost Demonstration Project, Sacramento California Using
High -Carbon Wood Ash to Control Odor at a Green Materials Composting Facility. Integrated Waste Management
Board Public Affairs Office, Publications Clearinghouse (MS-6), Sacramento, CA Publication #442-02-008.
Rosenfeld, P.E., and C.L. Henry. (2001). Characterization of odor emissions from three different biosolids. Water
Soil and Air Pollution. 127(1-4), 173-191.
Rosenfeld, P.E., and Henry C. L., (2000). Wood ash control of odor emissions from biosolids application. Journal
of Environmental Quality. 29, 1662-1668.
Rosenfeld, P.E., C.L. Henry and D. Bennett. (2001). Wastewater dewatering polymer affect on biosolids odor
emissions and microbial activity. Water Environment Research. 73(4), 363-367.
Rosenfeld, P.E., and C.L. Henry. (2001). Activated Carbon and Wood Ash Sorption of Wastewater, Compost, and
Biosolids Odorants. Water Environment Research, 73, 388-393.
Rosenfeld, P.E., and Henry C. L., (2001). High carbon wood ash effect on biosolids microbial activity and odor.
Water Environment Research. 131(1-4), 247-262.
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Page 3 of 10 June 2019
Chollack, T. and P. Rosenfeld. (1998). Compost Amendment Handbook For Landscaping. Prepared for and
distributed by the City of Redmond, Washington State.
Rosenfeld, P. E. (1992). The Mount Liamuiga Crater Trail. Heritage Magazine of St. Kitts, 3(2).
Rosenfeld, P. E. (1993). High School Biogas Project to Prevent Deforestation On St. Kitts. Biomass Users
Network, 7(1).
Rosenfeld, P. E. (1998). Characterization, Quantification, and Control of Odor Emissions From Biosolids
Application To Forest Soil. Doctoral Thesis. University of Washington College of Forest Resources.
Rosenfeld, P. E. (1994). Potential Utilization of Small Diameter Trees on Sierra County Public Land. Masters
thesis reprinted by the Sierra County Economic Council. Sierra County, California.
Rosenfeld, P. E. (1991). How to Build a Small Rural Anaerobic Digester & Uses Of Biogas In The First And Third
World. Bachelors Thesis. University of California.
Presentations:
Rosenfeld, P.E., Sutherland, A; Hesse, R.; Zapata, A. (October 3-6, 2013). Air dispersion modeling of volatile
organic emissions from multiple natural gas wells in Decatur, TX. 44th Western Regional Meeting, American
Chemical Society. Lecture conducted from Santa Clara, CA.
Sok, H.L.; Waller, C.C.; Feng, L.; Gonzalez, J.; Sutherland, A.J.; Wisdom -Stack, T.; Sahai, R.K.; Hesse, R.C.;
Rosenfeld, P.E. (June 20-23, 2010). Atrazine: A Persistent Pesticide in Urban Drinking Water.
Urban Environmental Pollution. Lecture conducted from Boston, MA.
Feng, L.; Gonzalez, J.; Sok, H.L.; Sutherland, A.J.; Waller, C.C.; Wisdom -Stack, T.; Sahai, R.K.; La, M.; Hesse,
R.C.; Rosenfeld, P.E. (June 20-23, 2010). Bringing Environmental Justice to East St. Louis,
Illinois. Urban Environmental Pollution. Lecture conducted from Boston, MA.
Rosenfeld, P.E. (April 19-23, 2009). Perfluoroctanoic Acid (PFOA) and Perfluoroactane Sulfonate (PFOS)
Contamination in Drinking Water From the Use of Aqueous Film Forming Foams (AFFF) at Airports in the United
States. 2009 Ground Water Summit and 2009 Ground Water Protection Council Spring Meeting, Lecture conducted
from Tuscon, AZ.
Rosenfeld, P.E. (April 19-23, 2009). Cost to Filter Atrazine Contamination from Drinking Water in the United
States" Contamination in Drinking Water From the Use of Aqueous Film Forming Foams (AFFF) at Airports in the
United States. 2009 Ground Water Summit and 2009 Ground Water Protection Council Spring Meeting. Lecture
conducted from Tuscon, AZ.
Wu, C., Tam, L., Clark, J., Rosenfeld, P. (20-22 July, 2009). Dioxin and furan blood lipid concentrations in
populations living near four wood treatment facilities in the United States. Brebbia, C.A. and Popov, V., eds., Air
Pollution XVIL• Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Modeling, Monitoring and
Management ofAir Pollution. Lecture conducted from Tallinn, Estonia.
Rosenfeld, P. E. (October 15-18, 2007). Moss Point Community Exposure To Contaminants From A Releasing
Facility. The 231 Annual International Conferences on Soils Sediment and Water. Platform lecture conducted from
University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA.
Rosenfeld, P. E. (October 15-18, 2007). The Repeated Trespass of Tritium -Contaminated Water Into A
Surrounding Community Form Repeated Waste Spills From A Nuclear Power Plant. The 23' Annual International
Conferences on Soils Sediment and Water. Platform lecture conducted from University of Massachusetts, Amherst
MA.
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Page 4 of 10 June 2019
Rosenfeld, P. E. (October 15-18, 2007). Somerville Community Exposure To Contaminants From Wood Treatment
Facility Emissions. The 231 Annual International Conferences on Soils Sediment and Water. Lecture conducted
from University of Massachusetts, Amherst MA.
Rosenfeld P. E. (March 2007). Production, Chemical Properties, Toxicology, & Treatment Case Studies of 1,2,3-
Trichloropropane (TCP). The Association for Environmental Health and Sciences (AEHS) Annual Meeting. Lecture
conducted from San Diego, CA.
Rosenfeld P. E. (March 2007). Blood and Attic Sampling for Dioxin/Furan, PAH, and Metal Exposure in Florala,
Alabama. The AEHS Annual Meeting. Lecture conducted from San Diego, CA.
Hensley A.R., Scott, A., Rosenfeld P.E., Clark, J.J.J. (August 21 — 25, 2006). Dioxin Containing Attic Dust And
Human Blood Samples Collected Near A Former Wood Treatment Facility. The 26th International Symposium on
Halogenated Persistent Organic Pollutants — DIOMN2006. Lecture conducted from Radisson SAS Scandinavia
Hotel in Oslo Norway.
Hensley A.R., Scott, A., Rosenfeld P.E., Clark, J.J.J. (November 4-8, 2006). Dioxin Containing Attic Dust And
Human Blood Samples Collected Near A Former Wood Treatment Facility. APHA 134 Annual Meeting &
Exposition. Lecture conducted from Boston Massachusetts.
Paul Rosenfeld Ph.D. (October 24-25, 2005). Fate, Transport and Persistence of PFOA and Related Chemicals.
Mealey's C8/PFOA. Science, Risk & Litigation Conference. Lecture conducted from The Rittenhouse Hotel,
Philadelphia, PA.
Paul Rosenfeld Ph.D. (September 19, 2005). Brominated Flame Retardants in Groundwater: Pathways to Human
Ingestion, Toxicology and Remediation PEMA Emerging Contaminant Conference. Lecture conducted from Hilton
Hotel, Irvine California.
Paul Rosenfeld Ph.D. (September 19, 2005). Fate, Transport, Toxicity, And Persistence of 1,2,3-TCP. PEMA
Emerging Contaminant Conference. Lecture conducted from Hilton Hotel in Irvine, California.
Paul Rosenfeld Ph.D. (September 26-27, 2005). Fate, Transport and Persistence of PDBEs. Mealey's Groundwater
Conference. Lecture conducted from Ritz Carlton Hotel, Marina Del Ray, California.
Paul Rosenfeld Ph.D. (June 7-8, 2005). Fate, Transport and Persistence of PFOA and Related Chemicals.
International Society of Environmental Forensics: Focus On Emerging Contaminants. Lecture conducted from
Sheraton Oceanfront Hotel, Virginia Beach, Virginia.
Paul Rosenfeld Ph.D. (July 21-22, 2005). Fate Transport, Persistence and Toxicology of PFOA and Related
Perfluorochemicals. 2005 National Groundwater Association Ground Water And Environmental Law Conference.
Lecture conducted from Wyndham Baltimore Inner Harbor, Baltimore Maryland.
Paul Rosenfeld Ph.D. (July 21-22, 2005). Brominated Flame Retardants in Groundwater: Pathways to Human
Ingestion, Toxicology and Remediation. 2005 National Groundwater Association Ground Water and
Environmental Law Conference. Lecture conducted from Wyndham Baltimore Inner Harbor, Baltimore Maryland.
Paul Rosenfeld, Ph.D. and James Clark Ph.D. and Rob Hesse R.G. (May 5-6, 2004). Tert-butyl Alcohol Liability
and Toxicology, A National Problem and Unquantified Liability. National Groundwater Association. Environmental
Law Conference. Lecture conducted from Congress Plaza Hotel, Chicago Illinois.
Paul Rosenfeld, Ph.D. (March 2004). Perchlorate Toxicology. Meeting of the American Groundwater Trust.
Lecture conducted from Phoenix Arizona.
Hagemann, M.F., Paul Rosenfeld, Ph.D. and Rob Hesse (2004). Perchlorate Contamination of the Colorado River.
Meeting of tribal representatives. Lecture conducted from Parker, AZ.
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Page 5 of 10 June 2019
Paul Rosenfeld, Ph.D. (April 7, 2004). A National Damage Assessment Model For PCE and Dry Cleaners.
Drycleaner Symposium. California Ground Water Association. Lecture conducted from Radison Hotel, Sacramento,
California.
Rosenfeld, P. E., Grey, M., (June 2003) Two stage biofilter for biosolids composting odor control. Seventh
International In Situ And On Site Bioremediation Symposium Battelle Conference Orlando, FL.
Paul Rosenfeld, Ph.D. and James Clark Ph.D. (February 20-21, 2003) Understanding Historical Use, Chemical
Properties, Toxicity and Regulatory Guidance of 1,4 Dioxane. National Groundwater Association. Southwest Focus
Conference. Water Supply and Emerging Contaminants.. Lecture conducted from Hyatt Regency Phoenix Arizona.
Paul Rosenfeld, Ph.D. (February 6-7, 2003). Underground Storage Tank Litigation and Remediation. California
CUPA Forum. Lecture conducted from Marriott Hotel, Anaheim California.
Paul Rosenfeld, Ph.D. (October 23, 2002) Underground Storage Tank Litigation and Remediation. EPA
Underground Storage Tank Roundtable. Lecture conducted from Sacramento California.
Rosenfeld, P.E. and Suffet, M. (October 7- 10, 2002). Understanding Odor from Compost, Wastewater and
Industrial Processes. Sixth Annual Symposium On Off Flavors in the Aquatic Environment. International Water
Association. Lecture conducted from Barcelona Spain.
Rosenfeld, P.E. and Suffet, M. (October 7- 10, 2002). Using High Carbon Wood Ash to Control Compost Odor.
Sixth Annual Symposium On Off Flavors in the Aquatic Environment. International Water Association. Lecture
conducted from Barcelona Spain.
Rosenfeld, P.E. and Grey, M. A. (September 22-24, 2002). Biocycle Composting For Coastal Sage Restoration.
Northwest Biosolids Management Association. Lecture conducted from Vancouver Washington..
Rosenfeld, P.E. and Grey, M. A. (November 11-14, 2002). Using High -Carbon Wood Ash to Control Odor at a
Green Materials Composting Facility. Soil Science Society Annual Conference. Lecture conducted from
Indianapolis, Maryland.
Rosenfeld. P.E. (September 16, 2000). Two stage biofilter for biosolids composting odor control. Water
Environment Federation. Lecture conducted from Anaheim California.
Rosenfeld. P.E. (October 16, 2000). Wood ash and biofilter control of compost odor. Biofest. Lecture conducted
from Ocean Shores, California.
Rosenfeld, P.E. (2000). Bioremediation Using Organic Soil Amendments. California Resource Recovery
Association. Lecture conducted from Sacramento California.
Rosenfeld, P.E., C.L. Henry, R. Harrison. (1998). Oat and Grass Seed Germination and Nitrogen and Sulfur
Emissions Following Biosolids Incorporation With High -Carbon Wood -Ash. Water Environment Federation 12th
Annual Residuals and Biosolids Management Conference Proceedings. Lecture conducted from Bellevue
Washington.
Rosenfeld, P.E., and C.L. Henry. (1999). An evaluation of ash incorporation with biosolids for odor reduction. Soil
Science Society ofAmerica. Lecture conducted from Salt Lake City Utah.
Rosenfeld, P.E., C.L. Henry, R. Harrison. (1998). Comparison of Microbial Activity and Odor Emissions from
Three Different Biosolids Applied to Forest Soil. Brown and Caldwell. Lecture conducted from Seattle Washington.
Rosenfeld, P.E., C.L. Henry. (1998). Characterization, Quantification, and Control of Odor Emissions from
Biosolids Application To Forest Soil. Biofest. Lecture conducted from Lake Chelan, Washington.
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Page 6 of 10 June 2019
Rosenfeld, P.E, C.L. Henry, R. Harrison. (1998). Oat and Grass Seed Germination and Nitrogen and Sulfur
Emissions Following Biosolids Incorporation With High -Carbon Wood -Ash. Water Environment Federation 12th
Annual Residuals and Biosolids Management Conference Proceedings. Lecture conducted from Bellevue
Washington.
Rosenfeld, P.E., C.L. Henry, R. B. Harrison, and R. Dills. (1997). Comparison of Odor Emissions From Three
Different Biosolids Applied to Forest Soil. Soil Science Society of America. Lecture conducted from Anaheim
California.
Teaching Experience:
UCLA Department of Environmental Health (Summer 2003 through 20010) Taught Environmental Health Science
100 to students, including undergrad, medical doctors, public health professionals and nurses. Course focused on
the health effects of environmental contaminants.
National Ground Water Association, Successful Remediation Technologies. Custom Course in Sante Fe, New
Mexico. May 21, 2002. Focused on fate and transport of fuel contaminants associated with underground storage
tanks.
National Ground Water Association; Successful Remediation Technologies Course in Chicago Illinois. April 1,
2002. Focused on fate and transport of contaminants associated with Superfund and RCRA sites.
California Integrated Waste Management Board, April and May, 2001. Alternative Landfill Caps Seminar in San
Diego, Ventura, and San Francisco. Focused on both prescriptive and innovative landfill cover design.
UCLA Department of Environmental Engineering, February 5, 2002. Seminar on Successful Remediation
Technologies focusing on Groundwater Remediation.
University Of Washington, Soil Science Program, Teaching Assistant for several courses including: Soil Chemistry,
Organic Soil Amendments, and Soil Stability.
U.C. Berkeley, Environmental Science Program Teaching Assistant for Environmental Science 10.
Academic Grants Awarded:
California Integrated Waste Management Board. $41,000 grant awarded to UCLA Institute of the Environment.
Goal: To investigate effect of high carbon wood ash on volatile organic emissions from compost. 2001.
Synagro Technologies, Corona California: $10,000 grant awarded to San Diego State University.
Goal: investigate effect of biosolids for restoration and remediation of degraded coastal sage soils. 2000.
King County, Department of Research and Technology, Washington State. $100,000 grant awarded to University of
Washington: Goal: To investigate odor emissions from biosolids application and the effect of polymers and ash on
VOC emissions. 1998.
Northwest Biosolids Management Association, Washington State. $20,000 grant awarded to investigate effect of
polymers and ash on VOC emissions from biosolids. 1997.
James River Corporation, Oregon: $10,000 grant was awarded to investigate the success of genetically engineered
Poplar trees with resistance to round -up. 1996.
United State Forest Service, Tahoe National Forest: $15,000 grant was awarded to investigating fire ecology of the
Tahoe National Forest. 1995.
Kellogg Foundation, Washington D.C. $500 grant was awarded to construct a large anaerobic digester on St. Kitts
in West Indies. 1993
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Page 7 of 10 June 2019
Deposition and/or Trial Testimony:
In the United States District Court For The District of New Jersey
Duarte et al, Plaintiffs, vs. United States Metals Refining Company et. al. Defendant.
Case No.: 2:17-cv-0 1 624-ES-SCM
Rosenfeld Deposition. 6-7-2019
In the United States District Court of Southern District of Texas Galveston Division
M/T Carla Maersk, Plaintiffs, vs. Conti 168., Schiffahrts-GMBH & Co. Bulker KG MS "Conti Perdido'
Defendant.
Case No.: 3:15-CV-00106 consolidated with 3:15-CV-00237
Rosenfeld Deposition. 5-9-2019
In The Superior Court of the State of California In And For The County Of Los Angeles — Santa Monica
Carole-Taddeo-Bates et al., vs. Ifran Khan et al., Defendants
Case No.: No. BC615636
Rosenfeld Deposition, 1-26-2019
In The Superior Court of the State of California In And For The County Of Los Angeles — Santa Monica
The San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments et al. vs El Adobe Apts. Inc. et al., Defendants
Case No.: No. BC646857
Rosenfeld Deposition, 10-6-2018; Trial 3-7-19
In United States District Court For The District of Colorado
Bells et al. Plaintiff vs. The 3M Company et al., Defendants
Case: No 1: 16-cv-025 3 1 -RBJ
Rosenfeld Deposition, 3-15-2018 and 4-3-2018
In The District Court Of Regan County, Texas, 112' Judicial District
Phillip Bales et al., Plaintiff vs. Dow Agrosciences, LLC, et al., Defendants
Cause No 1923
Rosenfeld Deposition, 11-17-2017
In The Superior Court of the State of California In And For The County Of Contra Costa
Simons et al., Plaintiffs vs. Chevron Corporation, et al., Defendants
Cause No C12-01481
Rosenfeld Deposition, 11-20-2017
In The Circuit Court Of The Twentieth Judicial Circuit, St Clair County, Illinois
Martha Custer et al., Plaintiff vs. Cerro Flow Products, Inc., Defendants
Case No.: No. Oi9-L-2295
Rosenfeld Deposition, 8-23-2017
In The Superior Court of the State of California, For The County of Los Angeles
Warm Gilbert and Penny Gilber, Plaintiff vs. BMW of North America LLC
Case No.: LC102019 (c/w BC582154)
Rosenfeld Deposition, 8-16-2017, Trail 8-28-2018
In the Northern District Court of Mississippi, Greenville Division
Brenda J. Cooper, et al., Plaintiffs, vs. Meritor Inc., et al., Defendants
Case Number: 4:16-cv-52-DMB-JVM
Rosenfeld Deposition: July 2017
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Page 8 of 10 June 2019
In The Superior Court of the State of Washington, County of Snohomish
Michael Davis and Julie Davis et al., Plaintiff vs. Cedar Grove Composting Inc., Defendants
Case No.: No. 13-2-03987-5
Rosenfeld Deposition, February 2017
Trial, March 2017
In The Superior Court of the State of California, County of Alameda
Charles Spain., Plaintiff vs. Thermo Fisher Scientific, et al., Defendants
Case No.: RG14711115
Rosenfeld Deposition, September 2015
In The Iowa District Court In And For Poweshiek County
Russell D. Winburn, et al., Plaintiffs vs. Doug Hoksbergen, et al., Defendants
Case No.: LALA002187
Rosenfeld Deposition, August 2015
In The Iowa District Court For Wapello County
Jerry Dovico, et al., Plaintiffs vs. Valley View Sine LLC, et al., Defendants
Law No,: LALA105144 - Division A
Rosenfeld Deposition, August 2015
In The Iowa District Court For Wapello County
Doug Pauls, et al.,, et al., Plaintiffs vs. Richard Warren, et al., Defendants
Law No,: LALA105144 - Division A
Rosenfeld Deposition, August 2015
In The Circuit Court of Ohio County, West Virginia
Robert Andrews, et al. v. Antero, et al.
Civil Action NO. 14-C-30000
Rosenfeld Deposition, June 2015
In The Third Judicial District County of Dona Ana, New Mexico
Betty Gonzalez, et al. Plaintiffs vs. Del Oro Dairy, Del Oro Real Estate LLC, Jerry Settles and Deward
DeRuyter, Defendants
Rosenfeld Deposition: July 2015
In The Iowa District Court For Muscatine County
Laurie Freeman et. al. Plaintiffs vs. Grain Processing Corporation, Defendant
Case No 4980
Rosenfeld Deposition: May 2015
In the Circuit Court of the 17t' Judicial Circuit, in and For Broward County, Florida
Walter Hinton, et. al. Plaintiff, vs. City of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, a Municipality, Defendant.
Case Number CACE07030358 (26)
Rosenfeld Deposition: December 2014
In the United States District Court Western District of Oklahoma
Tommy McCarty, et al., Plaintiffs, v. Oklahoma City Landfill, LLC d/b/a Southeast Oklahoma City
Landfill, et al. Defendants.
Case No. 5:12-cv-01152-C
Rosenfeld Deposition: July 2014
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Page 9 of 10 June 2019
In the County Court of Dallas County Texas
Lisa Parr et al, Plaintiff, vs. Aruba et al, Defendant.
Case Number cc-11-01650-E
Rosenfeld Deposition: March and September 2013
Rosenfeld Trial: April 2014
In the Court of Common Pleas of Tuscarawas County Ohio
John Michael Abicht, et al., Plaintiffs, vs. Republic Services, Inc., et al., Defendants
Case Number: 2008 CT 10 0741 (Cons. w/ 2009 CV 10 0987)
Rosenfeld Deposition: October 2012
In the United States District Court of Southern District of Texas Galveston Division
Kyle Cannon, Eugene Donovan, Genaro Ramirez, Carol Sassler, and Harvey Walton, each Individually and
on behalf of those similarly situated, Plaintiffs, vs. BP Products North America, Inc., Defendant.
Case 3: 1 0-cv-00622
Rosenfeld Deposition: February 2012
Rosenfeld Trial: April 2013
In the Circuit Court of Baltimore County Maryland
Philip E. Cvach,ll et al., Plaintiffs vs. Two Farms, Inc. d/b/a Royal Farms, Defendants
Case Number: 03-C-12-012487 OT
Rosenfeld Deposition: September 2013
Paul E. Rosenfeld, Ph.D. Page 10 of 10 June 2019
EXHIBIT C
ISWAp G Technical Consu tation. Data krralysia and
G Epigakion Support for the E nvirunment
Matthew F. Hagemann, P.G., C.Hg., QSD, QSP
1640 5th St.., Suite 204 Santa
Santa Monica, California 90401
Tel: (949) 887-9013
Email: mhagemannCswape.com
Geologic and Hydrogeologic Characterization
Industrial Stormwater Compliance
Investigation and Remediation Strategies
Litigation Support and Testifying Expert
CEQA Review
Education:
M.S. Degree, Geology, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 1984.
B.A. Degree, Geology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA, 1982.
Professional Certifications:
California Professional Geologist
California Certified Hydrogeologist
Qualified SWPPP Developer and Practitioner
Professional Experience:
Matt has 25 years of experience in environmental policy, assessment and remediation. He spent nine
years with the U.S. EPA in the RCRA and Superfund programs and served as EPA's Senior Science
Policy Advisor in the Western Regional Office where he identified emerging threats to groundwater from
perchlorate and MTBE. While with EPA, Matt also served as a Senior Hydrogeologist in the oversight of
the assessment of seven major military facilities undergoing base closure. He led numerous enforcement
actions under provisions of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) while also working
with permit holders to improve hydrogeologic characterization and water quality monitoring.
Matt has worked closely with U.S. EPA legal counsel and the technical staff of several states in the
application and enforcement of RCRA, Safe Drinking Water Act and Clean Water Act regulations. Matt
has trained the technical staff in the States of California, Hawaii, Nevada, Arizona and the Territory of
Guam in the conduct of investigations, groundwater fundamentals, and sampling techniques.
Positions Matt has held include:
• Founding Partner, Soil/Water/Air Protection Enterprise (SWAPE) (2003 — present);
• Geology Instructor, Golden West College, 2010 — 2014;
• Senior Environmental Analyst, Komex H2O Science, Inc. (2000 -- 2003);
• Executive Director, Orange Coast Watch (2001 - 2004);
• Senior Science Policy Advisor and Hydrogeologist, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1989-
1998);
• Hydrogeologist, National Park Service, Water Resources Division (1998 - 2000);
• Adjunct Faculty Member, San Francisco State University, Department of Geosciences (1993 -
1998);
• Instructor, College of Marin, Department of Science (1990-1995);
• Geologist, U.S. Forest Service (1986-1998); and
• Geologist, Dames & Moore (1984-1986).
Senior Regulatory and Litigation Support Analyst:
With SWAPE, Matt's responsibilities have included:
• Lead analyst and testifying expert in the review of over 100 environmental impact reports
since 2003 under CEQA that identify significant issues with regard to hazardous waste, water
resources, water quality, air quality, Valley Fever, greenhouse gas emissions, and geologic
hazards. Make recommendations for additional mitigation measures to lead agencies at the
local and county level to include additional characterization of health risks and
implementation of protective measures to reduce worker exposure to hazards from toxins
and Valley Fever.
• Stormwater analysis, sampling and best management practice evaluation at industrial facilities.
• Manager of a project to provide technical assistance to a community adjacent to a former
Naval shipyard under a grant from the U.S. EPA.
• Technical assistance and litigation support for vapor intrusion concerns.
• Lead analyst and testifying expert in the review of environmental issues in license applications
for large solar power plants before the California Energy Commission.
• Manager of a project to evaluate numerous formerly used military sites in the western U.S.
• Manager of a comprehensive evaluation of potential sources of perchlorate contamination in
Southern California drinking water wells.
• Manager and designated expert for litigation support under provisions of Proposition 65 in the
review of releases of gasoline to sources drinking water at major refineries and hundreds of gas
stations throughout California.
• Expert witness on two cases involving MTBE litigation.
• Expert witness and litigation support on the impact of air toxins and hazards at a school.
• Expert witness in litigation at a former plywood plant.
With Komex H2O Science Inc., Matt's duties included the following:
• Senior author of a report on the extent of perchlorate contamination that was used in testimony
by the former U.S. EPA Administrator and General Counsel.
• Senior researcher in the development of a comprehensive, electronically interactive chronology
of MTBE use, research, and regulation.
• Senior researcher in the development of a comprehensive, electronically interactive chronology
of perchlorate use, research, and regulation.
• Senior researcher in a study that estimates nationwide costs for MTBE remediation and drinking
water treatment, results of which were published in newspapers nationwide and in testimony
against provisions of an energy bill that would limit liability for oil companies.
• Research to support litigation to restore drinking water supplies that have been contaminated by
MTBE in California and New York.
2
Expert witness testimony in a case of oil production -related contamination in Mississippi.
Lead author for a multi -volume remedial investigation report for an operating school in Los
Angeles that met strict regulatory requirements and rigorous deadlines.
• Development of strategic approaches for cleanup of contaminated sites in consultation with
clients and regulators.
Executive Director:
As Executive Director with Orange Coast Watch, Matt led efforts to restore water quality at Orange
County beaches from multiple sources of contamination including urban runoff and the discharge of
wastewater. In reporting to a Board of Directors that included representatives from leading Orange
County universities and businesses, Matt prepared issue papers in the areas of treatment and disinfection
of wastewater and control of the discharge of grease to sewer systems. Matt actively participated in the
development of countywide water quality permits for the control of urban runoff and permits for the
discharge of wastewater. Matt worked with other nonprofits to protect and restore water quality, including
Surfrider, Natural Resources Defense Council and Orange County CoastKeeper as well as with business
institutions including the Orange County Business Council.
Hydrogeology:
As a Senior Hydrogeologist with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Matt led investigations to
characterize and cleanup closing military bases, including Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Hunters Point
Naval Shipyard, Treasure Island Naval Station, Alameda Naval Station, Moffett Field, Mather Army
Airfield, and Sacramento Army Depot. Specific activities were as follows:
• Led efforts to model groundwater flow and contaminant transport, ensured adequacy of
monitoring networks, and assessed cleanup alternatives for contaminated sediment, soil, and
groundwater.
• Initiated a regional program for evaluation of groundwater sampling practices and laboratory
analysis at military bases.
• Identified emerging issues, wrote technical guidance, and assisted in policy and regulation
development through work on four national U.S. EPA workgroups, including the Superfund
Groundwater Technical Forum and the Federal Facilities Forum.
At the request of the State of Hawaii, Matt developed a methodology to determine the vulnerability of
groundwater to contamination on the islands of Maui and Oahu. He used analytical models and a GIS to
show zones of vulnerability, and the results were adopted and published by the State of Hawaii and
County of Maui.
As a hydrogeologist with the EPA Groundwater Protection Section, Matt worked with provisions of the
Safe Drinking Water Act and NEPA to prevent drinking water contamination. Specific activities included
the following:
• Received an EPA Bronze Medal for his contribution to the development of national guidance for
the protection of drinking water.
• Managed the Sole Source Aquifer Program and protected the drinking water of two communities
through designation under the Safe Drinking Water Act. He prepared geologic reports,
conducted public hearings, and responded to public comments from residents who were very
concerned about the impact of designation.
4
Reviewed a number of Environmental Impact Statements for planned major developments,
including large hazardous and solid waste disposal facilities, mine reclamation, and water
transfer.
Matt served as a hydrogeologist with the RCRA Hazardous Waste program. Duties were as follows:
• Supervised the hydrogeologic investigation of hazardous waste sites to determine compliance
with Subtitle C requirements.
• Reviewed and wrote "part B" permits for the disposal of hazardous waste.
• Conducted RCRA Corrective Action investigations of waste sites and led inspections that formed
the basis for significant enforcement actions that were developed in close coordination with U.S.
EPA legal counsel.
• Wrote contract specifications and supervised contractor's investigations of waste sites.
With the National Park Service, Matt directed service -wide investigations of contaminant sources to
prevent degradation of water quality, including the following tasks:
• Applied pertinent laws and regulations including CERCLA, RCRA, NEPA, NRDA, and the
Clean Water Act to control military, mining, and landfill contaminants.
• Conducted watershed -scale investigations of contaminants at parks, including Yellowstone and
Olympic National Park.
• Identified high -levels of perchlorate in soil adjacent to a national park in New Mexico
and advised park superintendent on appropriate response actions under CERCLA.
• Served as a Park Service representative on the Interagency Perchlorate Steering Committee, a
national workgroup.
• Developed a program to conduct environmental compliance audits of all National Parks while
serving on a national workgroup.
• Co-authored two papers on the potential for water contamination from the operation of personal
watercraft and snowmobiles, these papers serving as the basis for the development of nation-
wide policy on the use of these vehicles in National Parks.
• Contributed to the Federal Multi -Agency Source Water Agreement under the Clean Water
Action Plan.
Policy:
Served senior management as the Senior Science Policy Advisor with the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Region 9. Activities included the following:
• Advised the Regional Administrator and senior management on emerging issues such as the
potential for the gasoline additive MTBE and ammonium perchlorate to contaminate drinking
water supplies.
• Shaped EPA's national response to these threats by serving on workgroups and by contributing
to guidance, including the Office of Research and Development publication, Oxygenates in
Water: Critical Information and Research Needs.
• Improved the technical training of EPA's scientific and engineering staff.
• Earned an EPA Bronze Medal for representing the region's 300 scientists and engineers in
negotiations with the Administrator and senior management to better integrate scientific
principles into the policy -making process.
• Established national protocol for the peer review of scientific documents.
5
Geology:
With the U.S. Forest Service, Matt led investigations to determine hillslope stability of areas proposed for
timber harvest in the central Oregon Coast Range. Specific activities were as follows:
• Mapped geology in the field, and used aerial photographic interpretation and mathematical
models to determine slope stability.
• Coordinated his research with community members who were concerned with natural resource
protection.
• Characterized the geology of an aquifer that serves as the sole source of drinking water for the
city of Medford, Oregon.
As a consultant with Dames and Moore, Matt led geologic investigations of two contaminated sites (later
listed on the Superfund NPL) in the Portland, Oregon, area and a large hazardous waste site in eastern
Oregon. Duties included the following:
Supervised year -long effort for soil and groundwater sampling.
Conducted aquifer tests.
Investigated active faults beneath sites proposed for hazardous waste disposal.
Teaching:
From 1990 to 1998, Matt taught at least one course per semester at the community college and university
levels:
At San Francisco State University, held an adjunct faculty position and taught courses in
environmental geology, oceanography (lab and lecture), hydrogeology, and groundwater
contamination.
Served as a committee member for graduate and undergraduate students.
Taught courses in environmental geology and oceanography at the College of Marin.
Matt taught physical geology (lecture and lab and introductory geology at Golden West College in
Huntington Beach, California from 2010 to 2014.
Invited Testimony, Reports, Papers and Presentations:
Hagemann, M.F., 2008. Disclosure of Hazardous Waste Issues under CEQA. Presentation to the Public
Environmental Law Conference, Eugene, Oregon.
Hagemann, M.F., 2008. Disclosure of Hazardous Waste Issues under CEQA. Invited presentation to U.S.
EPA Region 9, San Francisco, California.
Hagemann, M.F., 2005. Use of Electronic Databases in Environmental Regulation, Policy Making and
Public Participation. Brownfields 2005, Denver, Coloradao.
Hagemann, M.F., 2004. Perchlorate Contamination of the Colorado River and Impacts to Drinking Water
in Nevada and the Southwestern U.S. Presentation to a meeting of the American Groundwater Trust, Las
Vegas, NV (served on conference organizing committee).
Hagemann, M.F., 2004. Invited testimony to a California Senate committee hearing on air toxins at
schools in Southern California, Los Angeles.
Brown, A., Farrow, J., Gray, A. and Hagemann, M., 2004. An Estimate of Costs to Address MTBE
Releases from Underground Storage Tanks and the Resulting Impact to Drinking Water Wells.
Presentation to the Ground Water and Environmental Law Conference, National Groundwater
Association.
Hagemann, M.F., 2004. Perchlorate Contamination of the Colorado River and Impacts to Drinking Water
in Arizona and the Southwestern U.S. Presentation to a meeting of the American Groundwater Trust,
Phoenix, AZ (served on conference organizing committee).
Hagemann, M.F., 2003. Perchlorate Contamination of the Colorado River and Impacts to Drinking Water
in the Southwestern U.S. Invited presentation to a special committee meeting of the National Academy
of Sciences, Irvine, CA.
Hagemann, M.F., 2003. Perchlorate Contamination of the Colorado River. Invited presentation to a
tribal EPA meeting, Pechanga, CA.
Hagemann, M.F., 2003. Perchlorate Contamination of the Colorado River. Invited presentation to a
meeting of tribal repesentatives, Parker, AZ.
Hagemann, M.F., 2003. Impact of Perchlorate on the Colorado River and Associated Drinking Water
Supplies. Invited presentation to the Inter -Tribal Meeting, Torres Martinez Tribe.
Hagemann, M.F., 2003. The Emergence of Perchlorate as a Widespread Drinking Water Contaminant.
Invited presentation to the U.S. EPA Region 9.
Hagemann, M.F., 2003. A Deductive Approach to the Assessment of Perchlorate Contamination. Invited
presentation to the California Assembly Natural Resources Committee.
Hagemann, M.F., 2003. Perchlorate: A Cold War Legacy in Drinking Water. Presentation to a meeting of
the National Groundwater Association.
Hagemann, M.F., 2002. From Tank to Tap: A Chronology of MTBE in Groundwater. Presentation to a
meeting of the National Groundwater Association.
Hagemann, M.F., 2002. A Chronology of MTBE in Groundwater and an Estimate of Costs to Address
Impacts to Groundwater. Presentation to the annual meeting of the Society of Environmental
Journalists.
Hagemann, M.F., 2002. An Estimate of the Cost to Address MTBE Contamination in Groundwater
(and Who Will Pay). Presentation to a meeting of the National Groundwater Association.
Hagemann, M.F., 2002. An Estimate of Costs to Address MTBE Releases from Underground Storage
Tanks and the Resulting Impact to Drinking Water Wells. Presentation to a meeting of the U.S. EPA and
State Underground Storage Tank Program managers.
Hagemann, M.F., 2001. From Tank to Tap: A Chronology of MTBE in Groundwater. Unpublished
report.
Hagemann, M.F., 2001. Estimated Cleanup Cost for MTBE in Groundwater Used as Drinking Water.
Unpublished report.
Hagemann, M.F., 2001. Estimated Costs to Address MTBE Releases from Leaking Underground Storage
Tanks. Unpublished report.
Hagemann, M.F., and VanMouwerik, M., 1999. Potential W a t e r Quality Concerns Related
to Snowmobile Usage. Water Resources Division, National Park Service, Technical Report.
VanMouwerik, M. and Hagemann, M.F. 1999, Water Quality Concerns Related to Personal Watercraft
Usage. Water Resources Division, National Park Service, Technical Report.
Hagemann, M.F., 1999, Is Dilution the Solution to Pollution in National Parks? The George Wright
Society Biannual Meeting, Asheville, North Carolina.
Hagemann, M.F., 1997, The Potential for MTBE to Contaminate Groundwater. U.S. EPA Superfund
Groundwater Technical Forum Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada.
Hagemann, M.F., and Gill, M., 1996, Impediments to Intrinsic Remediation, Moffett Field Naval Air
Station, Conference on Intrinsic Remediation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons, Salt Lake City.
Hagemann, M.F., Fukunaga, G.L., 1996, The Vulnerability of Groundwater to Anthropogenic
Contaminants on the Island of Maui, Hawaii. Hawaii Water Works Association Annual Meeting, Maui,
October 1996.
Hagemann, M. F., Fukanaga, G. L., 1996, Ranking Groundwater Vulnerability in Central Oahu,
Hawaii. Proceedings, Geographic Information Systems in Environmental Resources Management, Air
and Waste Management Association Publication VIP-61.
Hagemann, M.F., 1994. Groundwater Characterization and Cleanup at Closing Military Bases
in California. Proceedings, California Groundwater Resources Association Meeting.
Hagemann, M.F. and Sabol, M.A., 1993. Role of the U.S. EPA in the High Plains States Groundwater
Recharge Demonstration Program. Proceedings, Sixth Biennial Symposium on the Artificial Recharge of
Groundwater.
Hagemann, M.F., 1993. U.S. EPA Policy on the Technical Impracticability of the Cleanup of DNAPL-
contaminated Groundwater. California Groundwater Resources Association Meeting.
0
Hagemann, M.F., 1992. Dense Nonaqueous Phase Liquid Contamination of Groundwater: An Ounce of
Prevention... Proceedings, Association of Engineering Geologists Annual Meeting, v. 35.
Other Experience:
Selected as subject matter expert for the California Professional Geologist licensing examination, 2009-
2011.
E
Date: 12/16/2025 3:14:23 PM
From: "Joy Pickett"
To: "Public Corrmmnt" publiccominent@anaheimnet
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Festival project
You don't often get email from L.eam why this is important
Warning: Tbis email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
I amvehenrrrtly opposed to this project. Have you not learned anything from the opposition to the proposed development in Deer Canyon? The
same reasons hold true for Festival The streets would be deadlocked at rush hour, the schools would be overcrowded and tragically we would be
prohibited from fleeing during a fire or other emergency. Stop this nonsense now!
Joy Pickett
Date: 12/16/2025 3:15:16 PM
From: "Joni Gaynor'
To: "Public Cotmnent" publicconrnent@anaheimnet
Subject: [EXTERNAL] STOP BUILDING IN FESTIVAL SHOPPING CENTER
You don't often get email fro Learn wiiv this is important
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
I am writing to express my deep concern regarding the proposed new housing development in Festival Shopping Center. As a resident of 30 years
who lives directly behind Festival Shopping Center, I urge you to reconsider this project due to the significant risks it poses to public safety, traffic
infrastructure, and the delicate ecological balance of the region.
One of the most pressing concerns is the potential impact on our comnmiky's evacuation plan during wildfire emergencies. The increased
population density from the new development will inevitably lead to heavier traffic congestion on already strained roads. This could severely hinder
evacuation effiorts, potentially trapping residents in harms way. My family and I have been evacuated three times in 30 years, and every time we
are stuck in considerable traffic where it took 2.5 hours to go a few blocks. in fact, we COULD NOT EVACUATE and instead sat in the Festival
parking lot, wondering if we would bum to death! We are sitting ducks!
In addition, miry bn* and I were m Maui during the Maui fires. THE ONLY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THOSE OF US LIVING IN
ANAHEIM HILLS AND THOSE IN MAUI 1S THE MAUI PEOPLE COULD JUMP INTO THE WATER. WE HAVE HILLS THAT ARE
FIRE FUEL, OR THE FREEWAY! Are you willing to have the bloodshed and loss of lives on your hands and hearts when (not it) we are
evacuated again and over 1,000 more people are trying to leave???
Furthermore, the expansion of urban development into this sensitive area will encroach upon our traffic significantly. The two lane streets cannot
handle the expanded number of cars on a daily basis let alone during an evacuation..
I implore you to prioritize public safety, emriromm ental protection, and sustainable development. By halting this project, we can safeguard our
community, preserve our natural heritage, and ensure a more resilient future for generations to come.
Stop the corruption! I attended the planning meting for Deer Canyon that went on for 6 hours! Why are these meetings in Anaheim and not
Anaheim Hills where more residents could readily attend? Most people cannot take time offwork at 4 PM to attend a 5 PM meting. Make the
meetings at a time and place that is converrient to those of us who are most ipacted by this disaster of a plan In fact, one of the members ofthe
plarrmrg commission even stated that none of them live in'ihe hills" and that we needed to suck it up and accept some of the housing. It shows that
they don't care about our safety or our lives. There are plenty of other options such as the old Kaiser building off of Lakeview where it is not
impacted by fire evacuation zones.
DO NOT ENDANGER THE RESIDENTS OF ANAHEIM HILLS! NO ON BUILDING IN FESTIVAL SHOPPING CENTER!
jONI
Joni Gaynor
Date: 12/16/2025 3:22:12 PM
From: "joe.branche
To: "Public Comment" publiccomment@anaheimnet
"Ashleigh Aitken" AAitken@anaheimnet, "Natalie Meeks" NMeeks@anaheimnet, "Ryan Balius"
Cc: RBalius@anaheimnet, "Carlos A. Leon" CLeon@anaheimnet, "Natalie Rubalcava" NRubalcava*anaheimnet,
"Norma C. Kurtz" NKurtz@anaheimnet, "Kristen Maahs" KMaahs@anaheimnet
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Safety concerns about proposed Festival Project in Anaheim Hills DEVELOPMENT APPLICATION NO.
2023-00043
You don't often get emaR from Learnwhy this is important
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
HI,
I am writing to formally register my opposition to the proposed development project at the Festival Shopping Center. Traffic conditions in the surrounding
area are already severe and, at times, untenable.
As wildfire risk continues to increase, adding significant new congestion raises serious concems for public health and safety, particularly in the event of
an emergency evacuation. Increased traffic volume could materially impair the community's ability to evacuate safely and efficiently.
Moreover, the addition of a large apartment complex with permanent residents represents a fundamentally different and far more impactful use than the
existing or previously planned commercial uses, such as a moue theater. The long-term traffic, infrastructure, and safety implications are substantially
greater.
For these reasons, I strongly urge you not to approve this development and to avoid further exacerbating an already critical situation for current residents
Thanks,
Joe Branche
Anaheim, CA 92808
Date: 12/16/2025 3:22:17 PM
From: "Jen McCool"
To: "Public Conment" publiccomment@anaheimnet
Subject: [EXTERNAL] FAd: any developments on Santa Ana canyon
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Sent from my Thonne
Begin forwarded message:
From Jen McCool
Date: December 5, 2025 at 2.46.42 PM PST
To: alauffer@anaheimnet
Subject: Fl"d: any developments on Santa Ana canyon
Sent from my 1Phone
Begin forwarded message:
From Jen McCool
Date: December 5, 2025 at 11:51.45 AM PST
To: alauffeeganaheim.net
Subject: any developments on Santa Ana canyon
As a resident for over 30 years the last few years have been terrible , traffic apps directing south county traffic cut
through to the 91. If you don't We here you will never understand. Our roads are small we do not have center dividers
or shoulders for emergency personal go get through Our neighborhoods have turned into parking lots in our residential
streets for IE drivers, I have watched fire tricks not be able to drive down streets often and in arty emergency police or
fire we have a real problem Our conmannity just lake Yorba Linda and villa park are rural residential neighborhoods we
do not have the same structure or dangers as say other parts of Anahrim Orange or say Irvine. As someone who was
trapped in hoar as a wall of fire blew through with not a single fire truck in this last fire it was scary. Cities change but
we have a real problem row and rezoning a city and certain area that has us trapped in our homes for hours a day is
unacceptable. And before we talk builders remedy and all that it does not apply. Yorba Linda had same situation
directly across the freeway and it it not connphant with current city zoning it puts people at risk it was found to nog be
eligible for builders remedy and is not CEQA, this is absolutely no different. I know residents will push back with large
suits as well If we call police it's not ok to have a 30 min to 1 hour delay same for fire response. That's on a regular
day. The know your way signs we all laugh at cause clearly you evacuate away from the hills however you have to
know let fire 1 /2 my family got out and got to my family's in Yorba Linda only to have the fire tear through there as well
loosing homes. It took hours to get to one kid at el rancho and second child we were unable to get to till the riddle of
the night being shuffled with strangers from Orange Lutheran seers every way anyone went the fire was. We are not in
the middle of a city. I'm not going to make this about fire but I will say I recently had a neighbor call 911 and emergency
personnel due to traffic was greatly delayed not there fauilt but we have a real problem I think we need to close freeway
access after 2 or try something to see how to fix this. We should not be able to walk faster than we can drive and these
traffic apps have people that are clueless plugging up streets actually everywhere off weir and Serrano and oak canyon
It's a sea of cars that never stops often not allowing is to exit neighborhoods. Again certain areas were not intended or
built to accommdate the same as other areas that actually have many ways out, many ways for emergency to get too
and don't rim and risk of fire at all. You have some real scary situations on your hands and I know the city knows. It's
way different then the stuff going up by the Honda center which poses no risk no blocking emergency and no death to
fire. Tired of them even being discussed and I hope you understand. Even if certain streets are widened at least 3-4
times a month people are making own lanes to get on freeway exiting off the entrances backwards it's very dangerous
here off the 91. Thus was not always this way but we can't add anything to it. We need to fix the situation, and just lake
the proposed developrnent in Yorba Linda a mile I'd two across the way it was clear to them that it's not a risk or
something they could be held responsible for and that's a current thing. Please reach out if you should require info
pictures or anything else that I can help clarify because traflic readers etc do not give a clear picture. Thank you
Jen McCool
Sept from my Thone
Date: 12/10/2025 9:38:15 AM
From:
To:
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Watch "# anaheim city council meeting december ninth taw thousand tvwnty five" on YouTube
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click Wilts or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Date: 12/13/2025 8:13:37 AM
From:
To
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Watch'Tsure do appreciate you Mania" onYouTube
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Date: 12/13/2025 8:24:53 AM
From:
To:
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Ruben G Soto recap YouTube
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Check out my 2025 YouTube Recap! Get yours
Date: 12/13/2025 7:07:13 PM
From:
To
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Watch "amazonfresh Fullerton harassing a senior citizen like may in the beginning" on YouTube
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Date: 12/14/2025 7:33:19 AM
From:
To:
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Watch "#I don't see the color of your skin I see howyou treat me!?!?!?!?" on YouTube
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim. Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Date: 12/14/2025 7:57:57 AM
From "Ruben Soto"�
To:
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Watch "#don't believe in religion only God no church is good enough for me to go to!?!?! M" on YouTube
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Date: 12/15/202510:18:20 AM
From:
To:
Subject: [EXTERNAL] more evidence for Ruben to pay you back
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Date: 12/15/202512:46:06 PM
From:
To:
Subject: [1 XTGRNAL] Watch 'Tliquor her up" on YouTubc
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Date: 12/15/2025 3:59:02 PM
From "Ruben Soto" -
To
Subject: [EXTERNAL] FvA- Congressman Joe Wilson DecemberNe"sletter
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
---------- Forwarded rressage---------
From Congressman Joe Wilson <SC_.02JWiImaI ailhcuse.gov>
Date: Mon, Dec 15, 2025, 3:53 PM
Subject: Cog2ressrran Joe Wilson December Newsletter
To:
December 2025
Second District Dispatch
Constituent Meetings
Meeting and speaking with those who live and work in the Second District
provides me a firsthand understanding of the issues affecting the many
businesses, organizations, and individuals represented. I welcome the
opportunity to listen to your needs and concerns -- the offices and I stand
ready to help.
Whether in the Washington, Midlands, or Aiken/Barnwell offices, we want to
hear from you, and our goals are to provide support however possible, whether
it is an individual concern, or more broad issues.
The following is a sampling of the groups and individuals representing our
community that I have met with in the last few months. Please continue to check
out the office Facebook and Instagram pages for more photos and insight.
Northwestern Mutual of South Carolina
Batesburg-Leesville Chamber of
Commerce
Greater Irmo Chamber of Commerce
Carolinas Independent Automobile
Dealers Association
Midlands National Guard Retirees
Southern Crown Partners
Scout Motors
Rotary Club of Spring Valley
National Sand, Stone, & Gravel
South Carolina Corn and Soybean
Association
Association
American Academy of Physician
American Occupational Therapy
Associates
Association
U.S. Army Surgeon General
Rotary Club of Barnwell County
Legacy Traditional Schools
American Academy of Orthopedic
Surgeons
American Society of Civil Engineers
South Carolina Association of Tourism
Regions
Columbia Chamber of Commerce
The Classy Cruet: Olive Oils &
Vinegars
Celebrate Freedom Foundation
U.S. Global Leadership Coalition
South Carolina Trucking Association
Aiken Chamber of Commerce
Rotary Club of Aiken
Kimberly-Clark Corporation
Meeting with the Celebrate Freedom Foundation
Meeting with the American Academy of Physician Associates
Meeting with the Carolinas Independent Automobile Dealers Association
Passing the 2026 NDAA
I was grateful to have joined my Republican and Democrat colleagues in
passing the FY2026 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), critical
legislation that advances the Peace Through Strength priorities of President
Donald Trump.
This bill represents the ongoing commitment for national security,
modernization, servicemembers, and readiness to defend America at home and
around the globe.
I am particularly grateful my language was included which:
• Prohibits the acquisition of solar panels from companies owned or
controlled by China and other adversaries.
• Supports the Savannah River Site and nuclear modernization.
• Authorizes defense research programs at higher institutions like the
University of South Carolina, bridging the gap between academia and
national security.
Now, the Senate must pass this legislation so that President Trump can sign
it into law on behalf of American families.
Christmas and New Year's
As we reflect on 2025 and look forward to 2026, on behalf of myself and
staff, we wish each of you a healthy, safe Merry Christmas, a Happy
Hanukkah, and a Happy New Year.
Stay in Touch
Much remains to be done, but I am grateful to represent the people of South
Carolina's Second District and will continue to work hard to keep us all safe,
promote jobs, and make our lives and communities stronger.
In order to receive additional updates from my office, subscribe here. For
as -it -happens updates, 'like' my page on Facebook by clicking here.
Sincerely,
7/��
Joe Wilson
Member of Congress
GUME3
Midlands Office
Washington Office Aiken/Barnwell Office
1700 Sunset Blvd (US 378), Suite 1
1436 Longworth House Office Building 1930 Ini-versityParkway, Suite 1600
West Columbia, SC 29169
Washington, DC 20515 Aiken. SC 29801
phone: (803) 939-0041
phone: (202) 225-2452 phone: (803) 642-6416
fax (803) 939-0078
fax (803) 642-6418
Date: 121131202512:29:04 PM
From: "Rep. Lou Correa" repcorrea@mail8.housecommunications.gov
To: "Public Comment" publiccomment@anaheim.net
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Fighting for Main Street
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim. Do not click links or open attachments unless you
recognize the sender and are expecting the message.
LOU C RREA
REPRESENTATIVE CALIFORNIA'S 46- DISTRICT
Dear Neighbor,
DOWNTOW r
t� N,
I spent this week in Washington standing up for Orange County residents, both still at home and
around the world. I stood up to Secretary Noem, confronting her about how the Trump
Administration's immigration policies are not just targeting the "worst of the worst," but peaceful
residents who have lived in this country for decades. I also introduced legislation to help small
businesses make their storefronts more accessible. As I bring your stories to the halls of Congress, I
wanted to take a moment to show you what I've been working on.
This week, I confronted U.S. Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem during a House Committee on
Homeland Security hearing about cases of non -criminal individuals, U.S. citizens, and permanent legal
residents being unfairly detained by immigration enforcement officials. The Administration promised
to focus on the worst criminals, yet 70%of those arrested have no criminal record. These cases
included Donna Hughes -Brown, a longtime green card holder with deep military family ties who also
serves her community as a minister; Narciso Barranco, an undocumented father of three U.S. Marines
who was violently taken into custody; and George Retes, a U.S. citizen veteran held for 72 hours
without charges. These situations raise a critical question: in a nation built on due process, wherethe
government must follow fair, established procedures beforetaking away a person's liberty, should
Congress hold DHS accountable for following the law? As Ranking Member of the Subcommittee on
Border Security and Enforcement, I will continue demanding fairness, accountability, and a system
focused on public safety.
Congressman Correa confronted DHS SecretaryKristi Noem about the Administration's harmful
immigration policies
This week I introduced the ADA 30 Days to ComplyActto maximize accessibility in our communities
while protecting small businesses from costly, drawn -out lawsuits. Many disabled Americans
continue to face barriers when visiting local establishments, yet small, family -owned businesses often
lack awareness of ADA compliance issues until facing litigation. This legislation creates a simple and
fair process where individuals can directly notify a business of an ADA violation, providing 30 days to
fix the issue or demonstrate meaningful progress if additional time is required. It's commonsense, it's
a win -win: expanding accessibility in our neighborhoods while helping small businesses serve every
customer with dignity. Click -HERE to learn more.
H. R.
A BILL
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Congressman Correa introduced the ADA 30 Days to Comply Act
I announced that my Directing Resources for Officers Navigating Emergencies (DRONE) Act of 2025
was included in the National Defense Reauthorization Act of 2025 (NDAA), annual defense funding
legislation, which was passed by the U.S. House of Representatives with bipartisan support. As part
of the NDAA, it now heads to the U.S. Senate for passage and eventual signing into law by the
President. Hard-working taxpayers on Main Street deserve a community that is safe and secure, and
their children deserve safe communities to grow and thrive in. And giving our public safety officers the
tools they need to protect and defend the communities they swore an oath to serve is how we make
that safer future a reality. Drones continue to play an ever-growing role in protecting our communities
and responding to emergencies in a safer manner. By continuing to unlock their potential we can save
taxpayers millions and make our streets safer. It's a win -win.
114— C'0Xe. R..q
1ST SESSION'
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to pumhase and operate unmanned aireraPt sptitenls to
IvIlefit public atfety.
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3 SECTION 1. sHoRT TITLE..
4 This Art uoiv bl• curd aS the ••Ditww.lillg Renuives
5 for Ottirers Naxipting Emergencies Apt of 20.25" or the
6 "DRONE Act of 2025'.
Congressman Correa's DRONEAct was included in this year's National Defense Spending Bill
ADbP7IN C� `N"
I also announced that I have adopted the case of imprisoned Vietnamese human rights defender Le
Dinh Luong. Mr. Le is a peaceful activist and veteran who has dedicated his life to his countrymen. He
was prosecuted for peacefully campaigning for compensation of Vietnamese fishermen affected by
the Formosa environmental disaster. His solitary confinement violates not only Vietnam's own laws,
but also the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. In adopting this case, I am committed
to working with the State Department and human rights organizations to advocate for an end to Mr.
Les solitary confinement, allow him to practice his religion in prison, allow him to receive appropriate
medical care, and finally, to consider his early release. Click here to see my speech on the House floor
As we approach the holidays, if you or a loved one has been detained by immigration officers or
if you see anything out of the ordinary, please contact my office. You can call us at 714-559-
6190 or email us at
As always, I am committed to serving you, advocating for issues that matter to our community, and
connecting you to important resources. If you are experiencing any issues with a federal agency, my
office is here to help. Give us a call at (714) 559-6190.
Sincerely,
Rep. Lou Correa
Member of Congress
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Contact Me
Washington D.C.
2082 Rayburn House
Office Building
Washington, DC 20515
(202) 225-2965
Santa Ana
Rancho Santiago
Community College Building
2323 N. Broadway, Suite 319
Santa Ana, CA 92706
(714) 559-6190
Unsubscrlhe from future messages.
Date: 12/16/2025 4:30:40 AM
From:
To:
Subject: [EXTERNAL] Disneyland security Anaheimpolice Fullerton police
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Dear Mr Donald Tmmp,
Mr Soto here why House correspondent wrote me a email saying to go to Social Services and local authority to get help what was done to me?
senior citizen abuse Financial abuse mental health abuse all kinds of abuse! now December 18th 2025 Rayrmnd and I are going in to downtown
Disney where they kick me out two times for no reason at all over a shirt and a ro sses I had on they said it was inappropriate for Disneyland
but they do that guts in there and young girls sure enough there dressing like hoochie mamaa so now rm going to go back in
there and see if they kick me out again they told me never to step my foot on any Disneyland property hotel or anything I told Todd Spitzer bad
district attorney of Orange County I told Anaheim mayor Ashley Akins I told Riverside mayor Patricia Locke I toll new Korea Congressman of
Santa Ana and Washington DC I told the public defenders of Fullerton I toll Heidi from Orange count.. eov I told the public defenders RiversideI
told sorry of my friends in the Tyler Mall some of my friends in Orange County Buena Park Mayor now I'm telling youa xd every time rm speaking
to you on Valencia and Harbor Boulevard cars drive by it was quiet unto I started doing this email and the camera is there or no intersection can
prove what I'mtalking about I hate California Democratic state ofM
Date: 12/16/2025 4:40:47 AM
From:
To:
Subject:
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
Mr Donald Trur np president of the United States also the reason why I get attacked because I'm on your team I'm a republican not Deimcrat all
the freeloaders in this country of California is ugly I don't have EBT I worked all my He I pay my taxes.and pay my child support and that's why I
all these people are mad at tre and attacked m>v and kick me out of their stores their businesses I am here in Fullerton Valencia and Harbor
Boulevard at boss Auto you got a lot of illegals here during illegal stuff you need to send somebody here and take care of this for me sir God I'm
tied of abuse from these on -americans my father Ruben Soto was in the armed services nilitary in the amny fought in South Korea Warl get
treated like I'm a refugee in my own country thank you for listening to me you wrote nr thank you for your kindness because what I told son
Barron about him being picked on and the bullies would pick on biro just Ike they do to me but they'll get there sir believe me thank you for my
true patriot of the United States ofArnerica
On Tue, Dec 16, 2025, 4:30 AM Ruben Soto wrote:
Dear Mr Donald Tmmip,
Mr Soto here why House correspondent wrote me a email saying to go to Social Services and local authority to get help what was done to nne?
senior citizen abuse Financial abuse mental health abuse all kinds of abuse! now December 18th 2025 Raymond and I are going in to downtown
Disney where they kick me out two turves for no reason at all over a shut and a pro glasses I had on they said it was inappropriate for Disneyland
but they do that girls in there and young girls sure enough there dressing Ike hoochie mama so now Pm going to go back in
there and see if they kick me out again they told ne never to step my foot on any Disneyland property hotel or anything I told Todd Spitzer had
district attomey of Orange County I told Anaheim mayor Ashley Akins I told Riverside mayor Patricia. Locke I told new Korea Congressman of
Santa Ana and Washington DC I told the public defenders of Fullerton I told Heidi from Orange r. ggib .gov I told the public defenders
Riversidel told some of rrry friends in the Tyler Mall sore e of n y friends in Orange County Buena Park Mayor now Pm telling youand every time
I'm speaking to you on Valencia and Harbor Boulevard cars drive by it was quiet until I started doing this email and the camera is there or no
irtersection can prove what rmtalking about I hate California Democratic state of_
Date:
From:
12/16/2025 3:38:42 PM
"Ruben Soto"
To:
Subject: [EXTERNAL] F"d: U.S. Department of Justice Criminal Division Press Room Update
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: U.S. Department of Justice <usdo?�govdeb rv.carrr>
Date: Tue, Dec 16, 2025, 2:17 PM
Subject: U.S. Department ofJustice CrimmalDivision Press Room Update
To:
You are subscribed to Criumnal Division Press Room for U. S. Department of Justice. This information has recently been updated, and is now
ava> able.
Brooklyn Church Pastor Pleads Guilty to Tax Evasion Scheme
12/16/2025 07. 00 AM EST
Earlier today, in federal court in Brooklyn, New York, Paul Mitchell, the lead pastor of a church and president of a daycare pleaded guilty to a
criminal information charging him with one count of tax evasion.
000
You have received this e-mail because you have asked to be notified of changes to the S,jkpa_rtment of Justice Aebsite. GovDelivery is providing this service on behalf of the Department
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�ylanaw vn a Sltlscriptions I Deptment of Justice Privacy Policy I tavDeliycuv Privacy Policy
Date: 12/16/202510:31:22 AM
From:
To:
Subject: [EXTERNAL] South Korea nominee for media commission to seek social media curbs for teens
Warning: This email originated from outside the City of Anaheim Do not click links or open attachments unless you recognize the
sender and are expecting the message.
I thought you would be interested in this story I found on MSN: South Korea nominee for media comnission to seek social rredia curbs for teens
- httpsJ/www.msn.corirrus/news/world/soudi-korea-wnime-for-media-conirisssion-to-seek-socia�rmdia-curbs-for-teens/ar-AAlSg3sj?
ocid=socialsbare